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Le Moan A, Panova M, De Jode A, Ortega‐Martinez O, Duvetorp M, Faria R, Butlin R, Johannesson K. An allozyme polymorphism is associated with a large chromosomal inversion in the marine snail Littorina fabalis. Evol Appl 2023; 16:279-292. [PMID: 36793696 PMCID: PMC9923470 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the genetic targets of natural selection is one of the most challenging goals of population genetics. Some of the earliest candidate genes were identified from associations between allozyme allele frequencies and environmental variation. One such example is the clinal polymorphism in the arginine kinase (Ak) gene in the marine snail Littorina fabalis. While other enzyme loci do not show differences in allozyme frequencies among populations, the Ak alleles are near differential fixation across repeated wave exposure gradients in Europe. Here, we use this case to illustrate how a new sequencing toolbox can be employed to characterize the genomic architecture associated with historical candidate genes. We found that the Ak alleles differ by nine nonsynonymous substitutions, which perfectly explain the different migration patterns of the allozymes during electrophoresis. Moreover, by exploring the genomic context of the Ak gene, we found that the three main Ak alleles are located on different arrangements of a putative chromosomal inversion that reaches near fixation at the opposing ends of two transects covering a wave exposure gradient. This shows Ak is part of a large (3/4 of the chromosome) genomic block of differentiation, in which Ak is unlikely to be the only target of divergent selection. Nevertheless, the nonsynonymous substitutions among Ak alleles and the complete association of one allele with one inversion arrangement suggest that the Ak gene is a strong candidate to contribute to the adaptive significance of the inversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Le Moan
- Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, Department of Marine SciencesUniversity of GothenburgStrömstadSweden
| | - Marina Panova
- Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, Department of Marine SciencesUniversity of GothenburgStrömstadSweden
| | - Aurélien De Jode
- Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, Department of Marine SciencesUniversity of GothenburgStrömstadSweden
| | - Olga Ortega‐Martinez
- Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, Department of Marine SciencesUniversity of GothenburgStrömstadSweden
| | - Mårten Duvetorp
- Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, Department of Marine SciencesUniversity of GothenburgStrömstadSweden
| | - Rui Faria
- InBIO Laboratório Associado, CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos GenéticosUniversidade do PortoVairãoPortugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIOCampus de VairãoVairãoPortugal
| | - Roger Butlin
- Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, Department of Marine SciencesUniversity of GothenburgStrömstadSweden
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Kerstin Johannesson
- Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, Department of Marine SciencesUniversity of GothenburgStrömstadSweden
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Saenz‐Agudelo P, Peluso L, Nespolo R, Broitman BR, Haye PA, Lardies MA. Population genomic analyses reveal hybridization and marked differences in genetic structure of
Scurria
limpet sister species with parapatric distributions across the South Eastern Pacific. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8888. [PMID: 35571762 PMCID: PMC9078047 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Saenz‐Agudelo
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile
- ANID‐ Millennium Science Initiative Nucleus (NUTME) Las Cruces Chile
| | - Lívia Peluso
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile
- Doctorado en Ciencias Mención Ecología y Evolución Escuela de Graduados Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile
| | - Roberto Nespolo
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile
- ANID‐ Millennium Science Initiative Nucleus (LiLi) Valdivia Chile
- Center for Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES) Santiago Chile
- Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio) Santiago Chile
| | - Bernardo R. Broitman
- Departamento de Ciencias Facultad de Artes Liberales Universidad Adolfo Ibañez Santiago Chile
- ANID‐ Millennium Science Initiative Nucleus UPWELL Santiago Chile
- Instituto Milenio en Socio‐Ecología Costera (SECOS) Santiago Chile
| | - Pilar A. Haye
- Instituto Milenio en Socio‐Ecología Costera (SECOS) Santiago Chile
- Departamento de Biología Marina Universidad Católica del Norte Coquimbo Chile
| | - Marco A. Lardies
- Departamento de Ciencias Facultad de Artes Liberales Universidad Adolfo Ibañez Santiago Chile
- Instituto Milenio en Socio‐Ecología Costera (SECOS) Santiago Chile
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Felmy A, Reznick DN, Travis J, Potter T, Coulson T. Life histories as mosaics: plastic and genetic components differ among traits that underpin life-history strategies. Evolution 2022; 76:585-604. [PMID: 35084046 PMCID: PMC9303950 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Life‐history phenotypes emerge from clusters of traits that are the product of genes and phenotypic plasticity. If the impact of the environment differs substantially between traits, then life histories might not evolve as a cohesive whole. We quantified the sensitivity of components of the life history to food availability, a key environmental difference in the habitat occupied by contrasting ecotypes, for 36 traits in fast‐ and slow‐reproducing Trinidadian guppies. Our dataset included six putatively independent origins of the slow‐reproducing, derived ecotype. Traits varied substantially in plastic and genetic control. Twelve traits were influenced only by food availability (body lengths, body weights), five only by genetic differentiation (interbirth intervals, offspring sizes), 10 by both (litter sizes, reproductive timing), and nine by neither (fat contents, reproductive allotment). Ecotype‐by‐food interactions were negligible. The response to low food was aligned with the genetic difference between high‐ and low‐food environments, suggesting that plasticity was adaptive. The heterogeneity among traits in environmental sensitivity and genetic differentiation reveals that the components of the life history may not evolve in concert. Ecotypes may instead represent mosaics of trait groups that differ in their rate of evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Felmy
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3SZ, United Kingdom
| | - David N Reznick
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, 922521, USA
| | - Joseph Travis
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32306, USA
| | - Tomos Potter
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3SZ, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Coulson
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3SZ, United Kingdom
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Martínez-Gil H, Martínez-Freiría F, Perera A, Enriquez-Urzelai U, Martínez-Solano Í, Velo-Antón G, Kaliontzopoulou A. Morphological diversification of Mediterranean anurans: the roles of evolutionary history and climate. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blab156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Investigation of the ecological and evolutionary mechanisms governing the origin and diversification of species requires integrative approaches that often have to accommodate strong discordance among datasets. A common source of conflict is the combination of morphological and molecular characters with different evolutionary rates. Resolution of these discordances is crucial to assess the relative roles of different processes in generating and maintaining biodiversity. Anuran amphibians provide many examples of morphologically similar, genetically divergent lineages, posing questions about the relative roles of phylogeny and ecological factors in phenotypic evolution. We focused on three circum-Mediterranean anuran genera (Hyla, Alytes and Discoglossus), characterizing morphological and environmental disparity and comparing diversity patterns across biological levels of organization. Using a comparative phylogenetic framework, we tested how shared ancestry and climatic factors come together to shape phenotypic diversity. We found higher morphological differentiation within Hyla and Alytes than in Discoglossus. Body size and limb morphology contributed most to inter- and intraspecific morphological variation in Hyla and Alytes, but there was no strong phylogenetic signal, indicating that shared ancestry does not predict patterns of phenotypic divergence. In contrast, we uncovered a significant association between morphology and climatic descriptors, supporting the hypothesis that morphological disparity between species results from adaptive evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Martínez-Gil
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, C/ José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Martínez-Freiría
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Ana Perera
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Urtzi Enriquez-Urzelai
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Květná 8, 60365 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Íñigo Martínez-Solano
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, C/ José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Velo-Antón
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Grupo de Ecoloxía Animal, Torre Cacti (Lab 97), E-36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Antigoni Kaliontzopoulou
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, and Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Faria R, Johannesson K, Stankowski S. Speciation in marine environments: Diving under the surface. J Evol Biol 2021; 34:4-15. [PMID: 33460491 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Marine environments are inhabited by a broad representation of the tree of life, yet our understanding of speciation in marine ecosystems is extremely limited compared with terrestrial and freshwater environments. Developing a more comprehensive picture of speciation in marine environments requires that we 'dive under the surface' by studying a wider range of taxa and ecosystems is necessary for a more comprehensive picture of speciation. Although studying marine evolutionary processes is often challenging, recent technological advances in different fields, from maritime engineering to genomics, are making it increasingly possible to study speciation of marine life forms across diverse ecosystems and taxa. Motivated by recent research in the field, including the 14 contributions in this issue, we highlight and discuss six axes of research that we think will deepen our understanding of speciation in the marine realm: (a) study a broader range of marine environments and organisms; (b) identify the reproductive barriers driving speciation between marine taxa; (c) understand the role of different genomic architectures underlying reproductive isolation; (d) infer the evolutionary history of divergence using model-based approaches; (e) study patterns of hybridization and introgression between marine taxa; and (f) implement highly interdisciplinary, collaborative research programmes. In outlining these goals, we hope to inspire researchers to continue filling this critical knowledge gap surrounding the origins of marine biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Faria
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO, Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal.,CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Portugal.,Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Kerstin Johannesson
- Department of Marine Sciences-Tjärnö, University of Gothenburg, Strömstad, Sweden
| | - Sean Stankowski
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.,IST Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
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