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Aydin N, Uslu Kavrama F, Kocak EF. Effect of thickness on the translucency of machinable and printable ceramic-glass polymer materials. J Dent 2024; 147:105129. [PMID: 38878814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the translucency of machinable and printable ceramic-glass polymer materials with different thicknesses. METHODS Five ceramic-glass polymer materials were tested: one 3D-printable material, Permanent Crown resin (3D), two machinable materials available at low translucency (LT) and high translucency (HT) levels, VITA Enamic (VE) HT/LT, and Cerasmart 270 (CS) HT/LT. A total of 100 specimens were produced across 10 subgroups (n = 10) with thicknesses of 1 mm and 1.5 mm. The colour coordinates of the specimens were measured against black and white backgrounds using a spectrophotometer. Translucency was quantified using the Relative Translucency Parameter (RTP), calculated via the CIEDE2000 formula. A two-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc tests with Bonferroni correction (α = 0.05) was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The RTP for both thicknesses were ranked as follows: CSHT > VEHT > CSLT > 3D > VELT. The RTP of the 3D was lower than that of the HT machinable materials (CSHT and VEHT) for both thicknesses (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between the RTP of 3D and CSLT at 1.5 mm (p = 1.000); however, at 1 mm, the RTP of the 3D was lower than that of the CSLT (p < 0.05). Notably, the 3D showed the least translucency difference with a 0.5 mm increase in thickness. CONCLUSIONS Printable ceramic-glass polymer materials demonstrated lower translucency than HT machinable ceramic-glass polymer materials. Both the thickness and type significantly influenced the translucency of the LT machinable counterparts compared to the printable ceramic-glass polymer material. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Printable ceramic-glass polymer resins may be a suitable option for minimally invasive procedures, especially when attempting to mask undesirable-coloured abutments. When selecting HT machinable ceramic-glass polymers, clinicians should pay greater attention to the abutment colour and thickness of the restorative material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazli Aydin
- Cukurova University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Adana, Turkey; The Abdi Sutcu Vocational School of Health Services, Cukurova University, Balcali, Adana, Turkey.
| | | | - Elif Figen Kocak
- Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Izmir, Turkey
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Chen S, Zhu J, Yu M, Jin C, Huang C. Effect of aging and bleaching on the color stability and surface roughness of a recently introduced single-shade composite resin. J Dent 2024; 143:104917. [PMID: 38431188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of aging and bleaching procedures on the color stability and surface roughness of a new single-shade composite versus multi-shade composite resins. METHODS A single-shade composite resin (Charisma Diamond One, CDO) and 3 multi-shade composite resins (Tetric NCeram, Filtek Z350 XT, Clearfil Majesty Posterior) were tested. Thirty specimens of each material were subjected to one of the aging procedures respectively: immersion in distilled water (12 days/37 °C), immersion in coffee (12 days/37 °C), or water thermocycling (10,000 cycles/5-55 °C). All specimens underwent in-office bleaching after aging. Kruskal-Wallis tests and analysis of variance were used for statistical analysis (α=0.05). RESULTS All materials exhibited a change of color (ΔE00), translucency (RTP), whiteness (WID) and surface roughness parameters (Sa,Sv) after aging and bleaching procedures. CDO showed the highest ΔE00 among all resins with the highest RTP value, regardless of the aging procedures. Immersion in coffee led to the significantly highest ∆E00 values and lowest RTP values for nearly all resins. Positive ΔWID1 (WID(bleaching)-WID(baseline)) values were found in distilled water immersion and thermocycling groups, while negative ΔWID1 values were found in the coffee immersion group for all materials. Besides, positive ΔWID2 (WID(bleaching)-WID(aging)) values were found in all aging groups for nearly all materials. All materials showed an increasing trend in Sa and Sv after bleaching. CONCLUSIONS CDO showed more pronounced discoloration than multi-shade composite resins. Although the whiteness of all resins increased after bleaching, none was completely restored in the coffee immersion group. Bleaching significantly increased the surface roughness of all materials. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Charisma Diamond One is more susceptible to discoloration, which may affect its long-term success rate. Bleaching could partially reduce the color change of the composite resins but did not return them completely to their original state. The roughness of the resins increased after bleaching, prompting dentists to repolish them after bleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Luoyu Road 237, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, PR China
| | - Jiakang Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Luoyu Road 237, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, PR China
| | - Miaoyang Yu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Luoyu Road 237, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, PR China
| | - Chunxiao Jin
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Luoyu Road 237, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, PR China
| | - Cui Huang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Luoyu Road 237, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, PR China.
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Erturk-Avunduk AT, Delikan E, Cengiz-Yanardag E, Karakaya I. Effect of whitening concepts on surface roughness and optical characteristics of resin-based composites: An AFM study. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:214-228. [PMID: 37724605 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of various whitening agents on the surface roughness and optical characteristics of different types of resin composite restorations. Fifty specimens were prepared for each resin [G-aenial Posterior (GP), SonicFill-2 (SF), Solidex (SDX), and Nova Compo HF (NC)]. Following baseline color and surface roughness (Ra) measurements, the specimens were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 10/group) according to whitening concepts: control (distilled water), in-office bleaching [OB-(Opalescence Boost)], at-home bleaching [HB-(Opalescence PF)], whitening toothpaste [WT-(Signal White Now)], and whitening mouthwash [WM-(Listerine Advanced White)]. ∆E00 , ∆TP00 , and ∆WID values were calculated before and after the whitening procedure with a spectrophotometer using the CIEDE2000 formula. Surface roughness measurements were repeated. The surface topography was determined using atomic force microscopy. Two- and three-way analyses of variance and Tukey's post-hoc test were performed, with p < 0.05 regarded as indicative of significance. No significant differences were detected among the resin composite materials in terms of the ΔE00 values (p > 0.05). Color change of all resin materials was above the AT threshold (>1.8) and the PT threshold (>0.8). All restorative materials presented acceptable (AT<2.62) TP00 values. Solidex specimens demonstrated the lowest WID values compared to the other composites. There were significant differences among the whitening procedures with respect to ΔE00 , ΔTP00 , and WID values (p < 0.001). SF/WT combination showed the highest and clinically unacceptable ΔE00 values. The highest roughness values were observed in the SDX specimens and the combination of SDX/OB. The effect of whitening agents on the optical characteristics and surface roughness of restorative materials depends on the type of material, agent, and time. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Clinicians should be aware that long-term use of over-the-counter products due to the abrasive effects of their ingredients and repeated bleaching session applications may affect the color stability and surface roughness of resin composites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ebru Delikan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Esra Cengiz-Yanardag
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Izgen Karakaya
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, European University of Lefke, Mersin10, Turkey
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Lee WF, Takahashi H, Huang SY, Zhang JZ, Teng NC, Peng PW. Effects of At-Home and In-Office Bleaching Agents on the Color Recovery of Esthetic CAD-CAM Restorations after Red Wine Immersion. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:3891. [PMID: 36146038 PMCID: PMC9503437 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of at-home and in-office bleaching agents on esthetic CAD-CAM materials after red wine immersion by measuring their optical properties. Sixty specimens were prepared out of three esthetic CAD-CAM materials: Vita Enamic, Celtra Duo, and Ceresmart (n = 20). All specimens were immersed in a red wine solution, and color measurements were performed. Specimens were randomly divided (n = 10) according to the bleaching procedure (in office, at home), bleaching durations were set to 3 time points, and color measurements were performed. According to the Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) L* a* b* parameters, CIEDE2000 color differences (ΔE00), translucency parameters (TP00), and whiteness index values (ΔWID) after wine staining and after bleaching were calculated. Data were analyzed using the Mann−Whitney U-test, the Kruskal−Wallis test, and a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (α = 0.05). ΔE00, ΔTP00, and ΔWID decreased with an increase in bleaching treatment. ΔE00 after the final bleaching treatment of in-office bleaching ranged from 1.7 to 2.0, whereas those of in-office treatment ranged from 0.4 to 1.1. All ΔTP00 and ΔWID after the final treatment were below the 50:50% perceptibility thresholds (ΔTP00 < 0.6, and ΔWID < 0.7). Significant differences in ΔE00, ΔTP00, and ΔWID among esthetic CAD-CAM materials were found between CD and CE. In the present study, color recovery after at-home and in-office bleaching appeared to be material-dependent. In-office bleaching showed more effective recovery comparing to at-home bleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Fang Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hidekazu Takahashi
- Course for Oral Engineering, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Shiun-Yi Huang
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Zhen Zhang
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Chia Teng
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Peng
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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Elsaka S, Taibah S, Elnaghy A. Effect of staining beverages and bleaching on optical properties of a CAD/CAM nanohybrid and nanoceramic restorative material. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:96. [PMID: 35346162 PMCID: PMC8958766 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02136-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the optical properties of nanohybrid Grandio (GR) and nanoceramic Lava Ultimate (LU) CAD/CAM restorative materials subjected to different beverage solutions and subsequently bleached. METHODS Five groups of each restorative material (n = 20/group, shade A2-high translucent) were immersed in distilled water, coffee, tea, cola, and ginger for one week. Changes in whiteness index, translucency parameter, and color changes of the specimens were evaluated. The data of color measurements after staining, bleaching, and the residual differences were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests at the significance level of P < 0.05. RESULTS LU and GR revealed the highest differences in whiteness index after coffee staining (P < 0.001). GR revealed lower translucency parameter differences after staining with coffee than LU (P = 0.007). There were no significant differences in translucency changes between LU and GR after staining with tea, cola, or ginger (P > 0.05). LU revealed significantly greater color changes than GR after staining (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS LU nanoceramic CAD/CAM restorative material revealed higher color changes than GR nanohybrid material. Staining beverage solutions had a distinct influence on the optical properties of the tested CAD/CAM restorative materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaymaa Elsaka
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, Vision Colleges, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Salwa Taibah
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, Vision Colleges, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Elnaghy
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Silva LM, da Costa Lacerda ÍA, Dos Santos DB, Herkrath FJ, da Silva KL, Loguercio AD, de Moura Martins L. Is the at-home bleaching treatment applied only on the lingual surface as effective as that on the buccal surface? A randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:1551-1560. [PMID: 34410498 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04128-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This double-blind randomized clinical trial compared the effectiveness and bleaching sensitivity (BS) of at-home dental bleaching performed on the buccal surface and on the lingual surface. METHODS Using a split-mouth design, 25 patients were assigned to two bleaching groups: 10% hydrogen peroxide (White Class 10%, FGM) applied once daily for 60 min to the buccal surface (BSB) and 10% hydrogen peroxide (White Class 10%, FGM) applied once daily for 60 min to the lingual surface (LSB), both for 14 days. The color was evaluated before bleaching, after the first and second weeks, and 1 month after the bleaching using Vita Classical and Vita Bleachedguide scales and a Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer. BS was recorded daily using a 0-4 numerical rating scale and a 0-10 visual analogue scale. The following statistical tests were used: color changes (Mann-Whitney), absolute risk of BS (McNemar's exact), and the intensity of BS (Mann-Whitney). In all statistical tests, the significance level was 5%. RESULTS Significant bleaching was observed after the end of bleaching in both groups, with higher bleaching effectiveness for BSB when compared to LSB (p < 0.05). Regarding BS, no significant difference was observed between groups (p = 1.00). CONCLUSIONS The 10% hydrogen peroxide (White Class 10%, FGM) applied in at-home bleaching performed on the lingual surface did not promote a similar result of color change compared to on the buccal surface. Regarding BS, there was no significant difference between the groups. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The at-home bleaching performed on the lingual surface promotes a lower result in the color change. BS is similar between the groups. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER RBR-283byt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Mendonça Silva
- School of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fernando José Herkrath
- Instituto Leônidas E Maria Deane, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, State University of Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Karine Letícia da Silva
- Departament of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Leandro de Moura Martins
- School of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
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Savic-Stankovic T, Karadzic B, Komlenic V, Stasic J, Petrovic V, Ilic J, Miletic V. Effects of whitening gels on color and surface properties of a microhybrid and nanohybrid composite. Dent Mater J 2021; 40:1380-1387. [PMID: 34305050 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2021-030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare color changes, surface roughness and gloss of a microhybrid and nanohybrid composite whitened in a simulated in-office or at-home procedure using 40% hydrogen peroxide or 16% carbamide peroxide, respectively. CIELab coordinates were measured before, during and after treatment using VITA EasyShade V (VITA) and ∆E00 calculated. Surface roughness was measured using a surface roughness tester (SJ210; Mitutoyo). Gloss was measured using a gloss checker (IG-331; Horiba). At-home whitening resulted in ∆E00 of 1.23±0.49 (microhybrid) and 1.01±0.76 (nanohybrid). In-office exposure resulted in ∆E00 of 0.69±0.38 (microhybrid) and 0.72±0.50 (nanohybrid). There were no significant differences in ∆E00, surface roughness and gloss between whitening protocols (p>0.05). Color changes of a microhybrid and nanohybrid composite following simulated in-office or at-home whitening reached CIEDE2000 50:50% perceptibility but not acceptability threshold. Surface roughness and gloss of the microhybrid and nanohybrid composite were not affected by whitening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Savic-Stankovic
- Department of Restorative Odontology and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade
| | - Branislav Karadzic
- Department of Restorative Odontology and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade
| | - Vojislav Komlenic
- Department of Restorative Odontology and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade
| | - Jovana Stasic
- Department of Restorative Odontology and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade
| | - Violeta Petrovic
- Department of Restorative Odontology and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade
| | - Jugoslav Ilic
- Department of Restorative Odontology and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade
| | - Vesna Miletic
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney
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dos Santos Muniz Mota GM, Kury M, Pereira da Silva Braga Tenório C, Lucisano Botelho do Amaral F, Turssi CP, Cavalli V. Effects of Artificial Staining and Bleaching Protocols on the Surface Roughness, Color, and Whiteness Changes of an Aged Nanofilled Composite. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2020.610586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the surface roughness and color alteration of an aged nanofilled composite exposed to different staining solutions and bleaching agents. Ninety nanofilled composite (Filtek Z350XT, 3M/Oral Care) specimens were submitted to 5,000 thermal cycles and immersed in (n = 30): red wine, coffee, and artificial saliva at 37°C for 48 h. Groups were subdivided according to the bleaching protocol (n = 10) with 20% carbamide peroxide, 38% hydrogen peroxide, or without bleaching - control. Mean surface roughness values (Ra - μm) and color parameters (L*, a*, b*) were measured at baseline (T0), after thermal cycling aging and staining (TS), and after bleaching (TB). Color (ΔE00) and whiteness index (ΔWID) changes were determined after aging and staining (Ts-T0) and after bleaching (TB-TS). The adopted perceptibility and acceptability thresholds of the nanofilled composite were 0.81 and 1.71 ΔE00 units and 0.61 and 2.90 ΔWID units, respectively. Ra was analyzed using mixed models for repeated measurements and L* by the Tukey-Kramer test. The a* and b* values were evaluated by generalized linear models for repeated measures. ΔE00 was tested using two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests, and ΔWID by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (α = 5%). Ra of all groups decreased after aging and staining (TS, p < 0.05), but increased after bleaching only for groups stained with red wine (TB). Aging and staining decreased the luminosity of the composites, but L* increased after bleaching (p < 0.05). Aging and staining increased a* and b* values, but after bleaching, b* values decreased (p < 0.05). After bleaching, ΔE00 and ΔWID were greater in stained groups at both time intervals, regardless of the bleaching protocol. Stained resin composites exhibited perceptible but unacceptable color (ΔE00 > 1.71) and whiteness (ΔWID > 2.90) changes, regardless of the bleaching treatment performed. Therefore, red wine affected the surface roughness of the aged nanofilled resin submitted to bleaching. Bleaching was unable to reverse the color changes promoted by red wine and coffee on the aged nanofilled composite.
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