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Aydin N, Uslu Kavrama F, Kocak EF. Effect of thickness on the translucency of machinable and printable ceramic-glass polymer materials. J Dent 2024; 147:105129. [PMID: 38878814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the translucency of machinable and printable ceramic-glass polymer materials with different thicknesses. METHODS Five ceramic-glass polymer materials were tested: one 3D-printable material, Permanent Crown resin (3D), two machinable materials available at low translucency (LT) and high translucency (HT) levels, VITA Enamic (VE) HT/LT, and Cerasmart 270 (CS) HT/LT. A total of 100 specimens were produced across 10 subgroups (n = 10) with thicknesses of 1 mm and 1.5 mm. The colour coordinates of the specimens were measured against black and white backgrounds using a spectrophotometer. Translucency was quantified using the Relative Translucency Parameter (RTP), calculated via the CIEDE2000 formula. A two-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc tests with Bonferroni correction (α = 0.05) was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The RTP for both thicknesses were ranked as follows: CSHT > VEHT > CSLT > 3D > VELT. The RTP of the 3D was lower than that of the HT machinable materials (CSHT and VEHT) for both thicknesses (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between the RTP of 3D and CSLT at 1.5 mm (p = 1.000); however, at 1 mm, the RTP of the 3D was lower than that of the CSLT (p < 0.05). Notably, the 3D showed the least translucency difference with a 0.5 mm increase in thickness. CONCLUSIONS Printable ceramic-glass polymer materials demonstrated lower translucency than HT machinable ceramic-glass polymer materials. Both the thickness and type significantly influenced the translucency of the LT machinable counterparts compared to the printable ceramic-glass polymer material. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Printable ceramic-glass polymer resins may be a suitable option for minimally invasive procedures, especially when attempting to mask undesirable-coloured abutments. When selecting HT machinable ceramic-glass polymers, clinicians should pay greater attention to the abutment colour and thickness of the restorative material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazli Aydin
- Cukurova University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Adana, Turkey; The Abdi Sutcu Vocational School of Health Services, Cukurova University, Balcali, Adana, Turkey.
| | | | - Elif Figen Kocak
- Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Izmir, Turkey
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Zhu Z, Huang X, Lyu J, Yang X, Tan J, Liu X. Optical properties of monolithic zirconia fabricated with nanoparticle jetting. J Prosthet Dent 2024:S0022-3913(24)00346-9. [PMID: 38796354 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Excellent optical properties are essential for esthetic dental materials. However, the translucency and color masking ability of zirconia fabricated with nanoparticle jetting (NPJ), a type of printed zirconia, are unknown. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the translucency and color masking ability of zirconia fabricated using NPJ. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 90 specimens with thicknesses of 1.5, 1.0, and 0.5 mm were fabricated using high translucent milled zirconia (HT), low translucent milled zirconia (LT), and NPJ. CIELab values (L*, a*, and b*) of the specimens over 7 backgrounds, black, white, VitaB1, VitaA2, VitaA4, gold alloy (Au), and titanium (Ti), were obtained using a spectral radiometer. The relative translucency parameter (RTP) and color difference (∆E) of specimens over VitaB1, VitaA4, Au, and Ti were determined using VitaA2 as the control with the CIEDE2000 color difference equation. The normality of the data distribution was determined using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Differences among groups were analyzed using 2-way analysis of variance and the Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) post hoc test (α=.05). The ∆E of specimens was analyzed according to perceptibility (∆E=0.8) and acceptability (∆E=1.8) thresholds using the 1 sample t test. The correlation between RTP and ∆E and RTP/∆E and thickness was examined using the Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS Statistically significant differences were observed in translucency and color masking ability among HT, LT, and NPJ (P<.05). The RTP value was the lowest for zirconia fabricated with NPJ (P<.001) and highest for HT (P<.001). Monolithic zirconia fabricated with NPJ had lower ∆E values than those of HT and LT for the same thickness and background (P<.05). A positive correlation was found in RTP and ∆E (P<.001). A negative correlation was observed in RTP and thickness (P<.001) and ∆E and thickness across a constant background (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Zirconia fabricated with NPJ was less translucent and had a greater color masking ability for discolored backgrounds than HT and LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyao Zhu
- Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xinyue Huang
- Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jizhe Lyu
- Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xu Yang
- Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jianguo Tan
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Clinical Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, PR China.
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Zhu J, Xu Y, Li M, Huang C. Instrumental and visual evaluation of the color adjustment potential of a recently introduced single‑shade composite resin versus multishade composite resins. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00653-4. [PMID: 37919131 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Single-shade composite resins simplify the process of shade selection by providing a narrow range of color but the ability to simulate all shades. However, evidence is limited for the color shifting ability of a newly developed single‑shade composite resin. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the instrumental color adjustment potential (CAP-I) and visual color adjustment potential (CAP-V) of a recently introduced single-shade composite resin compared with conventional multishade composite resins against different background colors. MATERIAL AND METHODS Four multishade composite resins (Spectrum TPH3, Beautifil II, Clearfil AP-X, and Gradia Direct) and a single-shade composite resin (Charisma Diamond One) were tested. Four base shades (A1, A2, A3, and A3.5) of the same composite resin (Filtek Z350XT) were selected as different background colors. Dual specimens (an outer base material with an inner hole filled with inner test material) and single specimens of all test and base materials were prepared (n=6 per group). Spectral reflectance values were obtained by using a spectroradiometer. The color difference (ΔE00) and relative translucency parameter (RTP) were calculated by using the CIEDE2000 and RTPCIEDE2000 formula. Visual scoring of color matching was performed by independent observers. The CAP-I and CAP-V values were calculated according to ΔE00 and visual scoring. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis (α=.05). RESULTS CAP-I and CAP-V were significantly affected by composite resin type, background color, and their interaction (P<.001). Positive CAP-I and CAP-V values were found for the majority of test materials. Charisma Diamond One exhibited the highest CAP-I value under all background colors, the highest CAP-V value under most background colors, and the significantly highest RTP value (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS The color adjustment potential was dependent on the material type and background color. Charisma Diamond One exhibited the highest color adjustment potential and the most pronounced color shifting ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakang Zhu
- Doctoral candidate, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yue Xu
- Doctoral candidate, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Mengxun Li
- Lecturer, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Cui Huang
- Professor, State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China..
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Fouda AM, Stawarczyk B, Özcan M, Singer L, Bourauel C. Impact of glazing on wear, fracture load, and optical properties of a new fully crystallized lithium disilicate ceramic material. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 146:106102. [PMID: 37660448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lithium disilicate (LDS) based glass ceramics are indispensable materials in the field of prosthetic dentistry due to their strength and excellent esthetics. Recently, novel fully crystallized LDS for the milling process have been introduced to the market, requiring only chairside polishing before delivery. Since limited data is available about subjecting this material to glazing, this study aimed to evaluate the wear properties, fracture resistance, and optical properties of the newly introduced fully crystallized LDS after glazing. METHODS Lithium disilicate glass-ceramics (fully crystallized (LiSiCAD) and partially crystallized types (EmaxCAD), of shade A3, were used in the present study. The fully crystallized specimens were subjected to a glazing firing cycle in a furnace (LiSiCAD-G) and compared to a polished fully crystallized counterpart (LiSiCAD-P, negative control) and a glazed partially crystallized LDS (EmaxCAD, positive control). Rectangular-shaped ceramic specimens (n = 10, 12 × 6.5 × 1.5 mm) and enamel antagonists were used to test the wear resistance in a specially designed wear machine built at the Department of Oral Technology, University of Bonn, Germany. The volumetric enamel loss of antagonists was measured by means of overlapping virtual 3D models derived from micro-CT scans for the teeth before and after the wear test. The weight loss of ceramic specimens in milligrams was measured after 100,000 and 200,000 wear cycles. A spectrophotometer was used to calculate the CIELAB color parameters of the ceramic specimens against black and white backgrounds to measure the translucency. Fracture resistance was also assessed after thermodynamic fatigue using a universal testing machine until fracture at a 1 mm/min crosshead speed. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and the significance level was set at α = 0.05. RESULTS EmaxCAD and LisiCAD-G groups showed significantly higher mean ceramic weight loss after 100,000 cycles (2 ± 0.3 mg and 1.93 ± 0.2 mg, respectively) than LisiCAD-P group (0.78 ± 0.19 mg). Glazed LiSiCAD specimens demonstrated significantly higher ΔE values from shade A3 compared to polished LiSiCAD. There was no significant difference in ΔE between LiSiCAD-G and EmaxCAD. For fracture resistance, no significant difference was observed between LiSiCAD-G and LiSiCAD-P before or after aging. CONCLUSIONS The glazed fully crystallized LDS was superior to the partially crystallized one with regard to wear resistance but showed more color changes than the polished fully crystallized one. Furthermore, polishing of fully crystallized LDS could still be considered a better option than glazing when aesthetics is a primary prerequisite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mahmoud Fouda
- Department of Oral Technology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, 53111, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany; Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Bogna Stawarczyk
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- University of Zurich, Center for Dental Medicine, Clinic of Chewing Function Disturbances and Dental Biomaterials, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lamia Singer
- Department of Oral Technology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, 53111, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany; Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, 53111, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Christoph Bourauel
- Department of Oral Technology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, 53111, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
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Luna-Domínguez CR, Luna-Domínguez JH, Blatz M. Full-mouth rehabilitation in a completely digital workflow using partially adhesive monolithic zirconia restorations. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:1050-1057. [PMID: 37026815 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This clinical case describes a completely digital workflow using current digital technologies for a full-mouth adhesive rehabilitation with ultra-translucent multilayer zirconia restorations. CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS A healthy 60-year-old man with abfractions on all upper and lower molars and severe tooth wear underwent a full-mouth rehabilitation with laminate veneers and partial adhesive restorations. A proper zirconia bonding protocol was realized to provide a durable bond between the ultra-translucent zirconia and the resin cement. Furthermore, the implementation of a digital workflow enables the clinician to have an effective communication during treatment planning and simplify the clinical and laboratory procedures, providing the patient with long-term esthetic treatment and functional results. CONCLUSION The implementation of a completely digital workflow and the use of ultra-translucent multilayer zirconia for indirect adhesive restorations can be an alternative with simplified and predictable procedures for patients with dental wear and teeth discolorations. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The digital workflow described is intended to facilitate the planning and execution of a full-mouth adhesive rehabilitation and demonstrates to clinicians a reliable zirconia bonding concept for minimally invasive anterior and posterior restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Roberto Luna-Domínguez
- Department of Prosthodontics, Autonomous University of Tamaulipas, School of Dentistry, Tampico-Madero University Center, Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico
- Private Practice, Odontología Avanzada, Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Jorge Humberto Luna-Domínguez
- Private Practice, Odontología Avanzada, Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico
- Research Center, Autonomous University of Tamaulipas, School of Dentistry, Tampico-Madero University Center, Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Markus Blatz
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Vichi A, Zhao Z, Mutahar M, Paolone G, Louca C. Translucency of Lithium-Based Silicate Glass-Ceramics Blocks for CAD/CAM Procedures: A Narrative Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6441. [PMID: 37834578 PMCID: PMC10573117 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Amid chairside CAD/CAM materials, the use of lithium-based silicate glass-ceramics (LSGC) has been steadily increasing. This review aims to report on the translucency of these materials and the variables used to measure it. An electronic search was performed within the PubMed database within the period between 2 June 2011 and 11 September 2022. English-language papers investigating the translucency of IPS e.max CAD, Celtra Duo, Suprinity PC, Initial LiSi Block, Amber Mill, N!ce, and CEREC Tessera LSGC CAD/blocks were included in the search strategy. After an initial retrieval of 160 papers, the application of exclusion criteria, and the screening of abstracts and then of full texts, 33 papers were included in the study. The retrieved materials, with different degrees of translucency (LT, HT), were IPS e.max CAD (n = 33), Suprinity PC (n = 8), and Celtra Duo (n = 1). Concerning the examined colors, the most used was A2 (n = 20), followed by A1 (n = 8) and A3 (n = 2). The translucency parameter (TP) was the most used method (n = 30) with respect to the contrast ratio (CR) (n = 11) to assess translucency. Five papers measured both. Several specimens' thicknesses (0.5-4 mm) were investigated, with 1 mm (n = 23) being the most frequently analyzed. While a general tendency could be identified, conflicting results among different papers were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Vichi
- Dental Academy, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2QG, UK (C.L.)
| | - Zejiao Zhao
- Dental Academy, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2QG, UK (C.L.)
| | - Mahdi Mutahar
- Dental Academy, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2QG, UK (C.L.)
| | - Gaetano Paolone
- Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Chris Louca
- Dental Academy, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2QG, UK (C.L.)
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Saláta J, Szabó F, Csuti P, Antal M, Márton P, Hermann P, Borbély J, Ábrám E. Effect of thickness, translucency, and substrates on the masking ability of a polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network material. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:886-895. [PMID: 37335072 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this in vitro study is to evaluate the masking ability of polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network materials (PICN) with different translucencies and thicknesses on multiple types of substrates. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ceramic samples were prepared of VITA ENAMIC blocks in two different translucencies (2M2-T, 2M2-HT) in a thickness range of 0.5-2.5 mm (±0.05 mm). Layered specimens were obtained using composite substrates in nine shades and transparent try-in paste. Spectral reflectance of specimens was measured using a Konica Minolta CM-3720d spectrophotometer and D65 standard illumination. CIEDE2000 color difference (ΔE00 ) between two samples was evaluated using 50%:50% perceptibility and acceptability thresholds. Specular component of the reflection was examined with Specular Component Excluded (SCE) and Included (SCI) settings. Statistical evaluation was performed by linear regression analysis, Kruskal-Wallis test, and multiplicative effect analysis. RESULTS An increase in thickness of 0.5 mm reduces ΔE00 of HT samples to 73.5%, of T samples to 60.5% (p < 0.0001). Five substrates with HT specimens, and three substrates with T specimens had significantly different results from average (p < 0.05). There is a significant difference between SCE and SCI data depending on the wavelength (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Masking ability of PICN materials is influenced by the thickness and translucency of the ceramic, and by the substrate. Reflection of the examined PICN material is characterized by both diffuse and specular reflection. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Although PICN materials have been available on the market for 10 years now, there is a lack of information regarding their masking ability. Acquiring in-depth data and thereby practical experience of the factors affecting the esthetics of PICN materials is essential for creating perfectly lifelike restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Saláta
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Károly Rácz Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Szabó
- LightingLab, Calibration Laboratory Ltd, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Péter Csuti
- LightingLab, Calibration Laboratory Ltd, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Melinda Antal
- Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Márton
- Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Hermann
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Borbély
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Emese Ábrám
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Wu Z, Tian J, Wei D, Zhang Y, Lin Y, Di P. Effects of thickness and polishing treatment on the translucency and opalescence of six dental CAD-CAM monolithic restorative materials: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:579. [PMID: 37598167 PMCID: PMC10440033 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03299-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials for prosthetic is gaining popularity in dentistry. However, limited information exists regarding the impact of thickness and roughening treatment on the optical properties of contemporary CAD-CAM restorative materials. This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the translucency and opalescence of six dental CAD-CAM materials in response to different thicknesses and roughening treatments. METHODS Six dental CAD-CAM materials, lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (IPS e.max CAD, LS), polymer-infiltrated ceramic (VITA Enamic, VE), resin-nano ceramic glass-ceramic (LAVA Ultimate, LU), polymethyl methacrylate (Telio CAD, TE), and two zirconia reinforced lithium silicate (VITA Suprinity, VS, and Celtra Duo, CD), in shade A2 were prepared as 12 × 12mm2 specimens of four thicknesses (0.5mm, 1.0mm, 1.5mm, and 2.0mm) (N = 240, n = 10). After three different treatments (polished, roughened by SiC P800-grit, and SiC P300-grit), the translucency parameter (TP00) and opalescence parameter (OP) were measured with a spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade V). The surface roughness was analyzed with a shape measurement laser microscope. The data were analyzed using a MANOVA, post hoc Tukey-Kramer test, the t test, and regression analysis (α = .05). RESULTS The TP00 and OP were significantly influenced by material type, thickness and roughening treatment (P < .05). TP00 showed a continues decline with increasing thicknesses, while the variations of OP were material-dependent. TP00 ranged from 37.80 (LS in 0.5mm) to 5.66 (VS in 2.0mm), and OP ranged from 5.66 (LU in 0.5mm) to 9.55 (VS in 0.5mm). The variations in TP00 of all materials between adjacent thicknesses ranged from 2.10 to 15.29, exceeding the acceptable translucency threshold except for LU. Quadratic and logarithmic regression curves exhibited the best fit for TP00 among the materials. Compared to polished specimens, rougher specimens exhibited lower TP00 and higher OP in all materials except for LS (P < 0.05). Roughening with P300-grit decreased TP00 and OP by an average of 2.59 and 0.43 for 0.5mm specimens, and 1.26 and 0.25 for 2.0mm specimens, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Variations in translucency caused by thickness and roughening treatment were perceptible and may be clinically unacceptable. Careful consideration should be given to the selection of CAD-CAM materials based on their distinct optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengda Wu
- Department of Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 South Zhongguancun Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiehua Tian
- Department of Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 South Zhongguancun Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Donghao Wei
- Department of Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 South Zhongguancun Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 South Zhongguancun Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ye Lin
- Department of Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 South Zhongguancun Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ping Di
- Department of Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 South Zhongguancun Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Arshad M, Hassantash S, Chinian S, Sadr A, Habibzadeh S. Fracture strength and three-dimensional marginal evaluation of biocompatible high-performance polymer versus pressed lithium disilicate crowns. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00269-X. [PMID: 37208243 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Despite the acceptable physical properties of biocompatible high-performance polymer (BioHPP), little is known about the marginal accuracy and fracture strength of restorations made from this material. PURPOSE This in vitro study assessed the marginal and internal adaptation and fracture strength of teeth restored with lithium disilicate (LD) ceramics and BioHPP monolithic crowns. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-four extracted premolars were prepared for complete coverage crowns and divided into 2 groups to receive pressed IPS e.max LD, or computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) BioHPP monolithic crowns. After adhesive cementation, the marginal and internal adaptations of the restorations were evaluated by microcomputed tomography at 18 points for each crown. Specimens were subjected to 6000 thermal cycles at 5 °C and 55 °C and 200 000 load cycles of 100 N at a frequency of 1.2 Hz. The fracture strength of the restorations was then measured in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed via an independent-sample t-test (α=.05). RESULTS The mean ±standard deviation of marginal gap was 138.8 ±43.6 μm for LD and 242.1 ±70.7 μm for BioHPP groups (P=.001). The mean ±standard deviation value of absolute marginal discrepancy was 193.8 ±60.8 μm for LD and 263.5 ±97.6 μm for BioHPP groups (P=.06). The internal occlusal and axial gap measurements were 547.5 ±253.1 μm and 197.3 ±54.8 μm for LD (P=.03) and 360 ±62.9 μm and 152.8 ±44.8 μm for BioHPP (P=.04). The mean ±standard deviation of internal space volume was 15.3 ±11.8 μm³ for LD and 24.1 ±10.7 μm³ for BioHPP (P=.08). The mean ±standard deviation of fracture strength was 2509.8 ±680 N for BioHPP and 1090.4 ±454.2 MPa for LD groups (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS The marginal adaptation of pressed lithium disilicate crowns was better, while BioHPP crowns displayed greater fracture strength. Marginal gap width was not correlated with fracture strength in either group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Arshad
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Hassantash
- Graduate student, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shamim Chinian
- Graduate student, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Sadr
- Professor, Biomimetics Biomaterials Biophotonics Biomechanics & Technology Laboratory, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
| | - Sareh Habibzadeh
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Associate Professor, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Ruiz-López J, Espinar C, Lucena C, de la Cruz Cardona J, Pulgar R, Pérez MM. Effect of thickness on color and translucency of a multi-color polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network material. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:381-389. [PMID: 36533557 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of thickness on color and translucency of a multi-color polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network (PICN) material. METHODS Specimens of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mm thicknesses were obtained by sectioning VITA ENAMIC® multiColor (E-MC) High Translucent CAD-CAM blocks (1M1-HT, 1M2-HT, 2M2-HT, 3M2-HT, and 4M2-HT). Spectral reflectance and color coordinates were measured on white and black backgrounds using a spectroradiometer, CIE D65 illuminant and CIE 45°/0° geometry. CIEDE2000 color and translucency differences (ΔE00 and ΔTP00 ) between thicknesses and adjacent layers were evaluated using their respective 50:50% perceptibility and acceptability thresholds (PT00 and AT00 ). RESULTS In general, ΔE00 between thicknesses for all shades and layers were above AT00 in general. Chroma decreased from cervical to incisal layers with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05), and ΔE00 between sequential layers were above PT00 , for all shades and thicknesses. TP00 decreased from 0.5 to 1.5 mm and increased from cervical to incisal layers for all shades with statically significant translucency differences (p < 0.05). In general, for all thicknesses, TPT00 < ΔTP00 < TAT00 for sequential layers. CONCLUSIONS The gradient in color and translucency of E-MC PICN material was influenced by the thickness of the CAD-CAM block. In addition, color and TP transition values between the layers depends on the thickness and shade. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The effect of thickness must be taken into account by dental technicians and dentists when CAD-CAM multicolor PICN materials are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Ruiz-López
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Espinar
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.,Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Lucena
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.,Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Juan de la Cruz Cardona
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Rosa Pulgar
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.,Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo, University of Granada, Spain
| | - María M Pérez
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
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11
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Li S, Zhang X, Xia W, Liu Y. Effects of surface treatment and shade on the color, translucency, and surface roughness of high-translucency self-glazed zirconia materials. J Prosthet Dent 2022; 128:217.e1-217.e9. [PMID: 35817621 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The impact of different surface treatments and shades on the color, translucency, and surface roughness of high-translucency self-glazed zirconia materials is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effects of different external surface treatments (self-glazed, milled, polished, and glazed), intaglio surface treatments (milled and airborne-particle abraded), and shades (A1 and A3 shades) on the color, translucency, and surface roughness of high-translucency self-glazed zirconia materials, as well as the correlations among optical parameters, translucency, and surface roughness. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighty shade A1 and 80 shade A3 disks were fabricated with a thickness of 0.80 ±0.02 mm and divided into 16 groups (n=10). Different external and intaglio surface treatments were applied to the specimens. CIELab values were measured with a spectrophotometer, and color differences (ΔE00) and relative translucency parameter (RTP) were calculated. Total transmittance (Tt%) and reflectance (R%) were tested with a spectrophotometer equipped with an integrating sphere. Surface roughness (Ra and Rz) (μm) was measured with a noncontact 3-dimensional laser scanning microscope. One specimen from each group was subjected to scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and the Tukey post hoc test. The correlation among optical parameters, translucency, and surface roughness was investigated by using Pearson correlation analysis (α=.05). RESULTS The effects of external surface treatments, intaglio airborne-particle abrasion, and shades on ΔE00, RTP, and Ra values of the disks were significantly different (P<.001). The smoothest external polishing surface had the greatest RTP and color difference (P<.001). Shade A3 disks had lower RTP and Tt% values than shade A1 disks (P<.001). ΔE00 had a highly positive relationship with the RTP (A1: r=0.884, P<.001; A3: r=0.859, P<.001). SEM images demonstrated that surface treatments affected the surface texture of monolithic zirconia ceramics. CONCLUSIONS Different surface treatments affected the surface roughness, translucency, and final color of zirconia materials. The smoothest external polishing surface had the greatest RTP and color difference. Different shades influenced the translucency, as the darker the disk shade, the lower the translucency. The RTP was appropriate as an auxiliary indicator for evaluating the color of a dental ceramic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Li
- Assistant Professor, Department of General Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Engineer, Center of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wei Xia
- Associate Professor, Department of Engineering Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yihong Liu
- Associate Professor, Department of General Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China.
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