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Muñoz G, Rebolledo M, Landaeta MF. Effects of metacercariae of Prosorhynchoides sp. (Trematoda: Bucephalidae) on the swimming ability and blood parameters of the intertidal fish Girella laevifrons (Osteichthyes: Kyphosidae). Exp Parasitol 2023; 246:108473. [PMID: 36736450 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2023.108473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Parasites may have various effects on their host's health. It is important to determine the type of the effects but also to decipher the physiological mechanisms underlying a parasitic infection. In this study, swimming ability (by a fixed swim speed test) and haematological analyses (by blood parameters) were compared between juvenile fish Girella laevifrons non-parasitised and parasitised with metacercariae of Prosorhynchoides sp. Fish were infested in the laboratory using natural parasitised mussels. Aerobic swimming time, total erythrocyte and leukocyte counts were compared among four groups of fish: non-parasitised (NP), non-parasitised but manipulated (NPM), parasitised 3 days (PT1), and 10 days (PT2) post-infection. Differentiated haematological components were also compared among NP, PT1 and PT2 fish groups. Parasitised fish (PT1 and PT2) swam between 32% and 55% less time than unparasitised fish. Erythrocyte counts were lower in PT1, indicating anemia, and total leukocyte counts were higher in PT1, showing immune action. Macrophages and basophils were observed only in parasitised fish, independent of the post-infection time. There was a negative correlation between swimming time and leukocyte counts. Increased leukocytes in the blood indicate activation of the innate cellular immune response, which may be metabolically costly for the host. Moreover, the anemia in parasitised fish would reduce the oxygen transport necessary to carry out aerobic exercise, reducing the swimming capacity. In fish several days post-infection (PT2), the erythrocytes count reached normal values, and some kinds of leukocytes decreased in comparison to fish PT1. This suggests that parasitised fish with metacercariae were recovering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Muñoz
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Avenida Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaíso, Chile; Centro de Observación Marino para Estudios de Riesgo del Ambiente (Costa-R), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Melissa Rebolledo
- Programa de Doctorado Ecología y Evolución, Universidad Austral de Chile, Chile
| | - Mauricio F Landaeta
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Avenida Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaíso, Chile; Centro de Observación Marino para Estudios de Riesgo del Ambiente (Costa-R), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile; Millennium Nucleus for the Ecology and Conservation of Temperate Mesophotic Reef Ecosystem (NUTME), Las Cruces, Chile
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Conde G, Aracati MF, Rodrigues LF, de Oliveira SL, da Costa CC, Charlie-Silva I, Ruiz TFR, Taboga SR, Belo MADA. Device implant based on poly (lactic acid) with vitamin E for vaccine delivery system in Tilapia: Study for biocompatibility and biodegradation. FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 3:100060. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Cunha D, Calixto F, Takata R, Portugal A, Uehara S, Martins G, Fonseca A, Mesquita E, Almosny N. Morphological and cytochemical characterization of the peripheral blood cells of farmed streaked prochilod Prochilodus lineatus (Characiformes, Prochilodontidae). ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-12388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Morphological and cytochemical studies of peripheral blood cells of fish have improved the understanding of their functions and cell types. The present study performed the Morphological and cytochemical analysis of the peripheral blood of Prochilodus lineatus, Characiform native to South America, which has been gaining space in local aquaculture and as a species introduced in Asia. Our analysis provided information on the morphological and cytochemical characteristics of the leukocytes, for the formulation of hypothesis about their role in the immune system of the species. It was found that Prochilodus lineatus has morphological and cytochemical features in common with other fish species, mainly of the Characiformes order. However, we detected the presence of heterophils and PAS positive granulocytes simultaneously with neutrophils. We also found that heterophils and PAS positive granulocytes are very similar, both morphologically and cytochemically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F.A.A. Calixto
- Fundação Instituto de Pesca do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - R. Takata
- Fundação Instituto de Pesca do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | - S.A. Uehara
- Fundação Instituto de Pesca do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Belo MAA, Oliveira MF, Oliveira SL, Aracati MF, Rodrigues LF, Costa CC, Conde G, Gomes JMM, Prata MNL, Barra A, Valverde TM, de Melo DC, Eto SF, Fernandes DC, Romero MGMC, Corrêa Júnior JD, Silva JO, Barros ALB, Perez AC, Charlie-Silva I. Zebrafish as a model to study inflammation: A tool for drug discovery. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112310. [PMID: 34678720 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to demonstrate the applicability and importance of zebrafish (Danio rerio) model to study acute and chronic inflammatory responses induced by different stimuli: carrageenan phlogogen (nonimmune); acute infection by bacteria (immune); foreign body reaction (chronic inflammation by round glass coverslip implantation); reaction induced by xenotransplantation. In addition to the advantages of presenting low breeding cost, high prolificity, transparent embryos, high number of individuals belonging to the same spawning and high genetic similarity that favor translational responses to vertebrate organisms like humans, zebrafish proved to be an excellent tool, allowing the evaluation of edema formation, accumulation of inflammatory cells in the exudate, mediators, signaling pathways, gene expression and production of specific proteins. Our studies demonstrated the versatility of fish models to investigate the inflammatory response and its pathophysiology, essential for the successful development of studies to discover innovative pharmacological strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A A Belo
- Laboratory of Animal Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brazil University (UB), Descalvado, Brazil; Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Melque F Oliveira
- Laboratory of Animal Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brazil University (UB), Descalvado, Brazil
| | - Susana L Oliveira
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Mayumi F Aracati
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Letícia F Rodrigues
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Camila C Costa
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Conde
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Juliana M M Gomes
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mariana N L Prata
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ayslan Barra
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thalita M Valverde
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Daniela C de Melo
- Department of zootechnics at the Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Silas F Eto
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences - PROCISA, Federal University of Roraima, Brazil
| | | | - Marina G M C Romero
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - José D Corrêa Júnior
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana O Silva
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Andre L B Barros
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Andrea C Perez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ives Charlie-Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, University of São Paulo (ICB-USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
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Charlie-Silva I, Conde G, Mendonça Gomes JM, Johnny da Rosa Prado E, Fernandes DC, Cristina de Moraes A, Eto SF, Conceição K, Antonio de Andrade Belo M. Cyclophosphamide modulated the foreign body inflammatory reaction in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 107:230-237. [PMID: 33039531 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand events and mechanisms present in the pathophysiology of tilapia's chronic inflammation and based on the immunomodulatory activity attributed to cyclophosphamide which is widely used to suppress immune responses in human medicine, the present study investigated the effects of cyclophosphamide (CYP) treatment on the modulation of foreign body inflammatory reaction in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with round glass coverslip implanted in the subcutaneous tissue (9 mm of diameter). Forty tilapia (151 ± 10,2 g) were randomly distributed in 5 aquariums (n = 8) with a capacity of 250 L of water each, to compose two treatments (sampled 3 and 6 days post-implantation): implanted/untreated (control) and implanted/treated with 200 mg of CYP kg-1 of b.w., through i.p. route. A fifth group (n = 8) was sampled without any stimulus (naive) to obtain reference values. CYP-treated tilapia showed decrease in macrophage accumulation, giant cell formation and Langhans cells on the glass coverslip when compared to control fish. The treatment with CYP resulted in decrease of leukocyte and thrombocyte counts. Decrease in alpha-2-macroglobulin, ceruloplasmin, albumin and transferrin levels, as well as increase in haptoglobin, complement C3 and apolipoprotein A1 were observed in tilapias during foreign body inflammation. Blood levels of complement C3, alpha-2-macroglobulin, ceruloplasmin and transferrin were modulated by treatment with CYP. Therefore, the treatment with 200 mg of CYP kg-1 of b.w. in tilapia resulted in an anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing the dynamics between leukocytes in the bloodstream and macrophage accumulation with giant cell formation in the inflamed focus, as well as by modulating APPs during foreign body reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ives Charlie-Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Conde
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ed Johnny da Rosa Prado
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Dayanne Carla Fernandes
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Silas Fernandes Eto
- Department of Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Roraima (UFRR), Boa Vista, RR, Brazil
| | - Katia Conceição
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Peptídeos, UNIFESP, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio de Andrade Belo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Animal Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brasil University, Descalvado, SP, Brazil.
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Souza DCDM, Santos MCD, Chagas EC. Immune response of teleost fish to helminth parasite infection. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2019; 28:533-547. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612019080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Fish immune systems have become the subject of several studies due to the growing development of aquaculture and fisheries, and the demand for healthy produce for human consumption. Among the parasites responsible for diseases in fish farming, helminths stand out because they cause infections in farmed fish and decrease food conversion, zootechnical performance and meat quality. In the present review, the components that participate in the innate and adaptive immune responses of teleost fish that have so far been described are presented in order to summarize the defenses that these hosts have recourse to, in combating different groups of helminth parasites.
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Rocha MJS, Jerônimo GT, Costa OTFD, Malta JCDO, Martins ML, Maciel PO, Chagas EC. Changes in hematological and biochemical parameters of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum ) parasitized by metazoan species. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA = BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY : ORGAO OFICIAL DO COLEGIO BRASILEIRO DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2018; 27:488-494. [PMID: 30427527 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-296120180073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impacts of metazoan parasites on hematological and biochemical parameters and relative condition factor of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum ) farmed in northern Brazil. A total of 32 juvenile fish were captured from a commercial fish farm located in the municipality of Rio Preto da Eva, Amazonas state, Brazil. Parasite prevalence was 100% for Anacanthorus spathulatus, Mymarothecium boegeri and Notozothecium janauachensis, 100% for Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae and 53.13% for Dolops geayi. The greatest mean parasite intensity was found in acantocephalans followed by monogeneans and branchiuran crustaceans. A negative correlation was observed between abundance of N. buttnerae and hematocrit percentage, hemoglobin concentration, total thrombocyte count and glucose and between abundance of the monogenean and glucose concentration. Parasitic infections caused damage in tambaqui in terms of the observed hematological parameters that were characterized by hypochromic anemia and thrombocytopenia, which are important parameters to be used in parasitic diagnosis. This study is the first record of the occurrence of Dolops geayi in farmed tambaqui in the Amazon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Juliete Souza Rocha
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Pesqueiras nos Trópicos, Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM, Manaus, AM, Brasil
| | - Gabriela Tomas Jerônimo
- Laboratório de Saúde Aquática - AQUOS, Departamento de Aquicultura, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | | | | | - Maurício Laterça Martins
- Laboratório de Saúde Aquática - AQUOS, Departamento de Aquicultura, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | - Patricia Oliveira Maciel
- Embrapa Pesca e Aquicultura, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - EMBRAPA, Palmas, TO, Brasil
| | - Edsandra Campos Chagas
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Pesqueiras nos Trópicos, Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM, Manaus, AM, Brasil.,Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - EMBRAPA, Manaus, AM, Brasil
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Farias THV, Pereira NL, Pádua SBD, Alves LDO, Sakabe R, Belo MADA, Pilarski F. Na2EDTA anticoagulant impaired blood samples from the teleost Piaractus mesopotamicus. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2016000500013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of Na heparin and Na2EDTA on blood of Piaractus mesopotamicus (360.7±42.4g, 26.4±1.0cm). Twenty fishes were sampled in two experiment trials, ten for erythrocyte fragility analysis and ten for hematologic and plasma biochemical study. The blood collected by venous-caudal puncture was fractioned and stored in anticoagulants solution: Na2EDTA 10%, Na2EDTA 3%, Na heparin 5000 IU and Na heparin 100 IU. Plasmatic levels of calcium presented in the Na2EDTA stored samples were about 80% lower than both heparin groups. Blood samples of P. mesopotamicus stored with Na2EDTA demonstrated increase in the hematocrit and MCV, and decrease in MCHC. The dose-response effect was observed in this study. The results are reinforced by the higher levels of plasmatic protein and hemolysis presented in the Na2EDTA 10% stored blood, confirming the deleterious effect of this anticoagulant treatment on the quality of blood samples. Na2EDTA is not indicated to store P. mesopotamicus blood samples, but sodium heparin at 100 IU is the most recommended anticoagulant, since this treatment presented the lower rate of alterations in the stored blood.
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Farias THV, Levy-Pereira N, Alves LDO, Dias DDC, Tachibana L, Pilarski F, Belo MADA, Ranzani-Paiva MJT. Probiotic feeding improves the immunity of pacus, Piaractus mesopotamicus, during Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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