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Ferrari S, Rey S, Høglund E, Øverli Ø, Chatain B, MacKenzie S, Bégout ML. Physiological responses during acute stress recovery depend on stress coping style in European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax. Physiol Behav 2020; 216:112801. [PMID: 31931036 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Individual stress coping style (reactive, intermediate and proactive) was determined in 3 groups of 120 pit tagged European seabass using the hypoxia avoidance test. The same three groups (no change in social composition) were then reared according to the standards recommended for this species. Then, 127 days later, individuals initially characterized as reactive, intermediate or proactive were submitted to an acute confinement stress for 30 min. Blood samples were taken to measure plasma cortisol levels 30 min (Stress30) or 150 min (Stress150) after the end of the confinement stress. Individuals were then sacrificed to sample the telencephalon in order to measure the main monoamines and their catabolites (at Stress30 only). Individuals from Stress150 were sampled for whole brain for a transcriptomic analysis. The main results showed that reactive individuals had a lower body mass than intermediate individuals which did not differ from proactive individuals. The physiological cortisol response did not differ between coping style at Stress30 but at Stress150 when intermediate and proactive individuals had recovered pre stress levels, reactive individuals showed a significant higher level illustrating a modulation of stress recovery by coping style. Serotonin turnover ratio was higher in proactive and reactive individuals compared to intermediate individuals and a significant positive correlation was observed with cortisol levels whatever the coping style. Further, the confinement stress led to a general increase in the serotonin turnover comparable between coping styles. Stress150 had a significant effect on target mRNA copy number (Gapdh mRNA copy number decreased while ifrd1 mRNA copy number increased) and such changes tended to depend upon coping style.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Ferrari
- Ifremer, Fisheries Research Laboratory, L'Houmeau 17137, France; MARBEC, Ifremer, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Palavas-les-flots, France
| | - Sonia Rey
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Erik Høglund
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo N-0349, Norway
| | - Øyvind Øverli
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo N-0033, Norway
| | - Béatrice Chatain
- MARBEC, Ifremer, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Palavas-les-flots, France
| | - Simon MacKenzie
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
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Johansen IB, Höglund E, Øverli Ø. Individual Variations and Coping Style. Anim Welf 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-41675-1_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Skov PV, de Jesus Gregersen KJ, Gesto M, Jokumsen A. Proactive coping style in early emerging rainbow trout carries a metabolic cost with no apparent return. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2019; 231:104-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Larsen MH, Johnsson JI, Winberg S, Wilson ADM, Hammenstig D, Thörnqvist PO, Midwood JD, Aarestrup K, Höglund E. Effects of emergence time and early social rearing environment on behaviour of Atlantic salmon: consequences for juvenile fitness and smolt migration. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119127. [PMID: 25747862 PMCID: PMC4352035 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Consistent individual differences in behaviour have been well documented in a variety of animal taxa, but surprisingly little is known about the fitness and life-history consequences of such individual variation. In wild salmonids, the timing of fry emergence from gravel spawning nests has been suggested to be coupled with individual behavioural traits. Here, we further investigate the link between timing of spawning nest emergence and behaviour of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), test effects of social rearing environment on behavioural traits in fish with different emergence times, and assess whether behavioural traits measured in the laboratory predict growth, survival, and migration status in the wild. Atlantic salmon fry were sorted with respect to emergence time from artificial spawning nest into three groups: early, intermediate, and late. These emergence groups were hatchery-reared separately or in co-culture for four months to test effects of social rearing environment on behavioural traits. Twenty fish from each of the six treatment groups were then subjected to three individual-based behavioural tests: basal locomotor activity, boldness, and escape response. Following behavioural characterization, the fish were released into a near-natural experimental stream. Results showed differences in escape behaviour between emergence groups in a net restraining test, but the social rearing environment did not affect individual behavioural expression. Emergence time and social environment had no significant effects on survival, growth, and migration status in the stream, although migration propensity was 1.4 to 1.9 times higher for early emerging individuals that were reared separately. In addition, despite individuals showing considerable variation in behaviour across treatment groups, this was not translated into differences in growth, survival, and migration status. Hence, our study adds to the view that fitness (i.e., growth and survival) and life-history predictions from laboratory measures of behaviour should be made with caution and ideally tested in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin H. Larsen
- National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Section for Freshwater Fisheries and Ecology, Technical University of Denmark, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Jörgen I. Johnsson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Svante Winberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alexander D. M. Wilson
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Hammenstig
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Jonathan D. Midwood
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kim Aarestrup
- National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Section for Freshwater Fisheries and Ecology, Technical University of Denmark, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Erik Höglund
- National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Section for Aquaculture, Technical University of Denmark, Hirtshals, Denmark
- Research Secretariat, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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