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Delling B, Thörn F, Norén M, Irestedt M. Museomics reveals the phylogenetic position of the extinct Moroccan trout Salmo pallaryi. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2023; 102:619-627. [PMID: 36602189 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The authors used museomics to reconstruct the mitochondrial genome from two individuals of the Moroccan, endemic and extinct trout, Salmo pallaryi. They further obtained partial data from 21 nuclear genes previously used for trout phylogenetic analyses. Phylogenetic analyses, including publicly available data from the mitochondrial control region and the cytochrome b gene, and the 21 nuclear genes, place S. pallaryi among other North African trouts. mtDNA places S. pallaryi close to Salmo macrostigma within a single North African clade. Although the nuclear coverage of the genome was low, both specimens were independently positioned as sisters to one of two distantly related North African clades, viz. the Atlas clade with the Dades trout, Salmo multipunctatus. Phylogenetic discordance between mtDNA and nuclear DNA phylogenies is briefly discussed. As several specimens that were extracted failed to produce DNA of sufficient quality, the authors discuss potential reasons for the failure. They suggest that museum specimens in poor physical condition may be better for DNA extraction compared to better-preserved ones, possibly related to the innovation of formalin as a fixative before ethanol storage in the early 20th century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Delling
- Department of Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Filip Thörn
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Norén
- Department of Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Irestedt
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
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2
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Polgar G, Iaia M, Righi T, Volta P. The Italian Alpine and Subalpine trouts: Taxonomy, Evolution, and Conservation. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11040576. [PMID: 35453775 PMCID: PMC9026872 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary In a great part of the world, trout fishing has long inspired human spiritual ideals of immersion into nature and recreation, far removed from the fast-encroaching urbanization. Concurrently, these values and emotions fueled a white-hot business, establishing a florid market of outdoor recreation. Since the 20th century, the trout-culture industry strived to provide anglers with fishing entertainment by stocking massive amounts of non-native trouts in dozens of countries, irrespective of the lakes’ and rivers’ carrying capacity. This had dire consequences on the structural and functional diversity of these ecosystems. “Trout wars” sparked throughout the world between the promoters of stocking activities and the promoters of “wild trout management” and ethics. The “Italian trout war” has been fought on the harsh battleground of trout taxonomy, ecology, distribution, and native vs. non-native interfertile species. Northern Italy, home to the Italian Alpine and subalpine trouts and economic center of the national trout-culture and stocking industry, was particularly affected by this clash. We review here the state of art of this ongoing debate, outlining our scientific view of the taxonomy, evolution, distribution, and sustainable management of the native Italian trouts of northern Italy. Abstract During the last 150 years, the trout-culture industry focused on enhancing trout populations by stocking, in response to the growing anglers’ demand and the habitat degradation associated to the rapid urbanization and hydropower development. The industrialized north of Italy, home to the Italian Alpine and subalpine trout populations, is the source of most of the revenues of the national trout-culture industry. Its rapid growth, and the massive introduction of non-native interfertile trouts eroded the genetic diversity of native lineages, leading to harsh confrontations between scientists, institutions, and sportfishing associations. We review here the state of the art of the taxonomy and distribution of the northern Italian native trouts, presenting both scientific results and historical documentation. We think the only native trouts in this region are Salmo marmoratus, widespread in this region, plus small and fragmented populations of S. ghigii, present only in the South-western Alps. We strongly recommend the interruption of stocking of domesticated interfertile non-native trouts in this area, and recommend the adoption of Evolutionary Significant Units for salmonid fishery management. We further propose future research directions for a sustainable approach to the conservation and ecosystem management of the fishery resources and inland waters of northern Italy.
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3
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Genetic and Phenotypic Characteristics of the Salmo trutta Complex in Italy. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12073219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Salmonid fish have become ecological and research models of study in the field of conservation genetics and genomics. Over the last decade, brown trout have received a high level of interest in research and publications. The term Salmo trutta complex is used to indicate the large number of geographic forms present in the species Salmo trutta. In Europe, the S. trutta complex consists (based on mitochondrial DNA control region analysis) of seven major evolutionary lineages: Atlantic (AT), Mediterranean (ME), Adriatic (AD), Danubian (DA), Marmoratus (MA), Duero (DU) and Tigris (TI). In several nations, the difficulty of identifying some lineages derives from their wide phenotypic and geographic plasticity and the presence of mixed lineages (due to introgressive hybridization with domestic AT populations). In Italy, the S. trutta complex populations living in the Tyrrhenian area and on the main islands (Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica) showed high genetic diversity. Currently, on the Italian Red List, the protected (near threatened) populations are the AD and ME lineages. Recent studies based on traditional (mitochondrial and nuclear markers) and NGS (next-generation sequencing) analyses have clarified some genetic differences between the populations of the Tyrrhenian region, Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica. Native populations in Sardinia belong to the AD lineage, while those living in Corsica are mainly characterized by the AD, MA and ME haplotypes. In Sicily, in the area of the Iblei mountains, an AT lineage (North African) exists. According to some authors, the term Salmo macrostigma should only be used for populations in North Africa. The use of genotyping methods based on mtDNA and nuclear markers and the latest generation sequencing techniques can improve the study of populations and evolutionary lineages in areas where there are overlaps and hybridization phenomena.
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4
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Levin B, Simonov E, Gabrielyan BK, Mayden RL, Rastorguev SM, Roubenyan HR, Sharko FS, Nedoluzhko AV. Caucasian treasure: Genomics sheds light on the evolution of half-extinct Sevan trout, Salmo ischchan, species flock. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021; 167:107346. [PMID: 34763069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Five ecologically and phenotypically divergent ecomorphs of the genus Salmo are known from a landlocked alpine lake in the Caucasus, Lake Sevan. It is an example of sympatric diversification within a species-rich lineage with predominate mode of speciation being allopatric. The diversification of Sevan trouts was accompanied by spawning resource partitioning. Four lacustrine ecomorphs with different temporal-spatial spawning strategies and divergent morphology and coloration evolved along with a fifth ecomorph, brook trout, inhabiting the tributaries. Unfortunately, the Sevan trout diversity was almost destroyed by human activity, with two ecomorphs becoming extinct in the 1980s. We performed reconstruction of the evolutionary history of Sevan trouts based on high-throughput sequencing of both contemporary and historical DNA (∼ 50 y.o.) of all Sevan trout ecomorphs. Our study of complete mitogenomes along with genome-wide SNP data revealed the monophyly of four lacustrine ecomorphs and local brook trout, all derived from the anadromous form Caspian salmon, S. caspius. The species tree suggests a scenario of stepwise evolution from riverine to lacustrine spawning. Three genomic clusters were revealed, of which two refer to the riverine and lacustrine spawners within the flock of Sevan trouts (with FST value = 0.069). A few SNP outliers under selection were discovered that could be responsible for assortative mating based on visual recognition. The Holocene climatic oscillations and the desiccation of tributaries could have played an important role in the origin of lacustrine spawning. The relationships between lacustrine ecomorphs were not yet fully resolved. This radiation warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Levin
- Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences - Borok, Russia; Cherepovets State University, Cherepovets, Russia.
| | | | - Bardukh K Gabrielyan
- Scientific Center of Zoology and Hydroecology, National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Richard L Mayden
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO USA
| | | | - Haikaz R Roubenyan
- Scientific Center of Zoology and Hydroecology, National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Fedor S Sharko
- National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
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5
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Hahn EE, Alexander MR, Grealy A, Stiller J, Gardiner DM, Holleley CE. Unlocking inaccessible historical genomes preserved in formalin. Mol Ecol Resour 2021; 22:2130-2147. [PMID: 34549888 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Museum specimens represent an unparalleled record of historical genomic data. However, the widespread practice of formalin preservation has thus far impeded genomic analysis of a large proportion of specimens. Limited DNA sequencing from formalin-preserved specimens has yielded low genomic coverage with unpredictable success. We set out to refine sample processing methods and to identify specimen characteristics predictive of sequencing success. With a set of taxonomically diverse specimens collected between 1962 and 2006 and ranging in preservation quality, we compared the efficacy of several end-to-end whole genome sequencing workflows alongside a k-mer-based trimming-free read alignment approach to maximize mapping of endogenous sequence. We recovered complete mitochondrial genomes and up to 3× nuclear genome coverage from formalin-preserved tissues. Hot alkaline lysis coupled with phenol-chloroform extraction out-performed proteinase K digestion in recovering DNA, while library preparation method had little impact on sequencing success. The strongest predictor of DNA yield was overall specimen condition, which additively interacts with preservation conditions to accelerate DNA degradation. Here, we demonstrate a significant advance in capability beyond limited recovery of a small number of loci via PCR or target-capture sequencing. To facilitate strategic selection of suitable specimens for genomic sequencing, we present a decision-making framework that utilizes independent and nondestructive assessment criteria. Sequencing of formalin-preserved specimens will contribute to a greater understanding of temporal trends in genetic adaptation, including those associated with a changing climate. Our work enhances the value of museum collections worldwide by unlocking genomes of specimens that have been disregarded as a valid molecular resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E Hahn
- National Research Collections Australia, Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Marina R Alexander
- National Research Collections Australia, Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Alicia Grealy
- National Research Collections Australia, Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Jiri Stiller
- Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation, St Lucia, Qld, Australia
| | - Donald M Gardiner
- Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation, St Lucia, Qld, Australia
| | - Clare E Holleley
- National Research Collections Australia, Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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6
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Guinand B, Oral M, Tougard C. Brown trout phylogenetics: A persistent mirage towards (too) many species. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2021; 99:298-307. [PMID: 33483952 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Guinand
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Montpellier, France
| | - Münevver Oral
- Faculty of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
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7
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O'Connell KA, Mulder KP, Wynn A, de Queiroz K, Bell RC. Genomic library preparation and hybridization capture of formalin-fixed tissues and allozyme supernatant for population genomics and considerations for combining capture- and RADseq-based single nucleotide polymorphism data sets. Mol Ecol Resour 2021; 22:487-502. [PMID: 34329532 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Until recently many historical museum specimens were largely inaccessible to genomic inquiry, but high-throughput sequencing (HTS) approaches have allowed researchers to successfully sequence genomic DNA from dried and fluid-preserved museum specimens. In addition to preserved specimens, many museums contain large series of allozyme supernatant samples, but the amenability of these samples to HTS has not yet been assessed. Here, we compared the performance of a target-capture approach using alternative sources of genomic DNA from 10 specimens of spring salamanders (Plethodontidae: Gyrinophilus porphyriticus) collected between 1985 and 1990: allozyme supernatants, allozyme homogenate pellets and formalin-fixed tissues. We designed capture probes based on double-digest restriction-site associated sequencing (RADseq) derived loci from frozen blood samples available for seven of the specimens and assessed the success and consistency of capture and RADseq approaches. This study design enabled direct comparisons of data quality and potential biases among the different data sets for phylogenomic and population genomic analyses. We found that in phylogenetic analyses, all enrichment types for a given specimen clustered together. In principal component space all capture-based samples clustered together, but RADseq samples did not cluster with corresponding capture-based samples. Single nucleotide polymorphism calls were on average 18.3% different between enrichment types for a given individual, but these discrepancies were primarily due to differences in heterozygous/homozygous single nucleotide polymorphism calls. We demonstrate that both allozyme supernatant and formalin-fixed samples can be successfully used for population genomic analyses and we discuss ways to identify and reduce biases associated with combining capture and RADseq data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A O'Connell
- Global Genome Initiative, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Biomedical Data Science Lab, Deloitte Consulting LLP, Arlington, Virginia, USA
| | - Kevin P Mulder
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal.,Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Addison Wynn
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Kevin de Queiroz
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Rayna C Bell
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Department of Herpetology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA
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8
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Hashemzadeh Segherloo I, Freyhof J, Berrebi P, Ferchaud AL, Geiger M, Laroche J, Levin BA, Normandeau E, Bernatchez L. A genomic perspective on an old question: Salmo trouts or Salmo trutta (Teleostei: Salmonidae)? Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021; 162:107204. [PMID: 34015446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
There are particular challenges in defining the taxonomic status of recently radiated groups due to the low level of phylogenetic signal. Members of the Salmo trutta species-complex, which mostly evolved during and following the Pleistocene, show high morphological and ecological diversity that, along with their very wide geographic distribution, have led to morphological description of 47 extant nominal species. However, many of these species have not been supported by previous phylogenetic studies, which could be partly due to lack of significant genetic differences among them, the limited resolution offered by molecular methods previously used, as well as the often local scale of these studies. The development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and related analytical tools have enhanced our ability to address such challenging questions. In this study, Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) of 15,169 filtered SNPs and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop sequences were combined to assess the phylogenetic relationships among 166 brown trouts representing 21 described species and three undescribed groups collected from 84 localities throughout their natural distribution in Europe, west Asia, and North Africa. The data were analysed using different clustering algorithms (admixture analysis and discriminant analysis of principal components-DAPC), a Bayes Factor Delimitation (BFD) test, species tree reconstruction, gene flow tests (three- and four-population tests), and Rogue taxa identification tests. Genomic contributions of the Atlantic lineage brown trout were found in all major sea basins excluding the North African and Aral Sea basins, suggesting introgressive hybridization of native brown trouts driven by stocking using strains of the Atlantic lineage. After removing the phylogenetic noise caused by the Atlantic brown trout, admixture clusters and DAPC clustering based on GBS data, respectively, resolved 11 and 13 clusters among the previously described brown trout species, which were also supported by BFD test results. Our results suggest that natural hybridization between different brown trout lineages has probably played an important role in the origin of several of the putative species, including S. marmoratus, S. carpio, S. farioides, S. pellegrini, S. caspius (in the Kura River drainage) and Salmo sp. in the Danube River basin. Overall, our results support a multi-species taxonomy for brown trouts. They also resolve some species in the Adriatic-Mediterranean and Black Sea drainages as members of very closely related genomic clusters that may need taxonomic revision. However, any final conclusions pertaining to the taxonomy of the brown trout complex should be based on an integrative approach combining genomic, morphological, and ecological data. To avoid challenges in taxonomy and conservation of species complexes like brown trouts, it is suggested to describe species based on genomic clusters of populations instead of describing species based only on morphologically differentiated single type populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iraj Hashemzadeh Segherloo
- Department of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Shahr-e-Kord University, Shahr-e-Kord, Iran; Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Jörg Freyhof
- Museum für Naturkunde Leibniz Institute for Research on Evolution and Biodiversity at the Humboldt University Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Berrebi
- Genome - Research & Diagnostic, 697 avenue de Lunel, 34400 Saint-Just, France
| | - Anne-Laure Ferchaud
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Matthias Geiger
- Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Museum Alexander Koenig, Leibniz Institute for Animal Biodiversity, 53133 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jérôme Laroche
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Boris A Levin
- Papanin Institute of Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Yaroslavl Region, Russia & Cherepovets State University, Cherepovets, Vologda Region, Russia
| | - Eric Normandeau
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Louis Bernatchez
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
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9
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Bravničar J, Palandačić A, Bajec SS, Snoj A. Neotype designation for Thymallus aeliani Valenciennes, 1848 from a museum topotype specimen and its affiliation with Adriatic grayling on the basis of mitochondrial DNA. Zookeys 2020; 999:165-178. [PMID: 33343216 PMCID: PMC7723886 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.999.56636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1848, the grayling Thymallus aeliani (Valenciennes) was described from Lake Maggiore, Italy, in the north Adriatic basin. Genetic analyses of the mitochondrial control region showed a unique evolutionary history of grayling inhabiting the rivers of northern Adriatic basin, from the upper reaches of the Po River and its left tributaries in the west to the Soča River in the east, which resulted in the designation of this phylogenetic lineage as Adriatic grayling. Consequently, the name T. aeliani was connected to the Adriatic lineage, re-establishing the validity of this taxon. However, the mitochondrial haplotypes belonging to Adriatic grayling were never compared with the type specimens of T. aeliani, as their whereabouts were unknown. In this study, a neotype for T. aeliani was designated using topotypical specimens stored at the Natural History Museum in Vienna. The neotype (NMW 68027:2 labelled as "Lago Maggiore, Bellotti, 1880") was designated pursuant to the conditions stipulated in Article 75.3 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Furthermore, the mitochondrial control region of the neotype was compared to haplotypes of the Adriatic lineage and showed high genetic similarity, which therefore connects the species name T. aeliani to the Adriatic grayling. This crucial step in fixing nomenclatural status of this species is very important for its protection and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jernej Bravničar
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Anja Palandačić
- First Zoological Department, Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Wien, AustriaNatural History Museum ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Simona Sušnik Bajec
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Aleš Snoj
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
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10
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Splendiani A, Berrebi P, Tougard C, Righi T, Reynaud N, Fioravanti T, Lo Conte P, Delmastro GB, Baltieri M, Ciuffardi L, Candiotto A, Sabatini A, Caputo Barucchi V. The role of the south-western Alps as a unidirectional corridor for Mediterranean brown trout (Salmo truttacomplex) lineages. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe role of the south-western Alps as a corridor for Mediterranean trout (Salmo trutta complex Linnaeus, 1758) was evaluated in order to understand the influence of the last glacial events in shaping the spatial distribution of the genetic diversity of this salmonid. For this, the allochthonous hypothesis of a man-mediated French origin (19th century) of the Mediterranean trout inhabiting the Po tributaries in the Italian side of the south-western Alps was tested. A total of 412 individuals were analysed at the mitochondrial control region. The phylogenetic classification was carried out by using a Median-Joining Network analysis. Mismatch pair-wise analysis, molecular dating and Kernel density distribution analysis of the main mitochondrial lineages were evaluated to compare past demographic dynamics with the current spatial distribution of genetic diversity. The main outcomes resulted strongly in agreement with a biogeographic scenario where the south-western Alps acted as a unidirectional corridor that permitted the colonization of the upper Durance (Rhône River basin) by trout from the Po River basin. Therefore, the Mediterranean trout should be considered as native also along the Italian side of the south-western Alps and the allochthonous hypothesis should be rejected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Splendiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Patrick Berrebi
- Genome - R&D, Saint-Just, France
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Tommaso Righi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Nathalie Reynaud
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Montpellier, France
| | - Tatiana Fioravanti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paolo Lo Conte
- Funzione Specializzata Tutela Fauna e Flora, Città Metropolitana di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanni B Delmastro
- Laboratorio di Ittiologia e Biol. Acque, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Carmagnola, Italy
| | - Marco Baltieri
- ATAAI-Associazione Tutela Ambienti Acquatici e Ittiofauna, Luserna San Giovanni, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Sabatini
- Department of Life and Environmental Science, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Caputo Barucchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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11
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Splendiani A, Palmas F, Sabatini A, Caputo Barucchi V. The name of the trout: considerations on the taxonomic status of the Salmo trutta L., 1758 complex (Osteichthyes: Salmonidae) in Italy. EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2019.1686544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Splendiani
- DiSVA, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - F. Palmas
- DiSVA, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - A. Sabatini
- DiSVA, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - V. Caputo Barucchi
- DiSVA, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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12
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Rossi AR, Petrosino G, Milana V, Martinoli M, Rakaj A, Tancioni L. Genetic identification of native populations of Mediterranean brown trout Salmo trutta L. complex (Osteichthyes: Salmonidae) in central Italy. THE EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2019.1686077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. R. Rossi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology C. Darwin, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - G. Petrosino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology C. Darwin, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - V. Milana
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology C. Darwin, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - M. Martinoli
- Experimental Ecology and Aquaculture Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - A. Rakaj
- Experimental Ecology and Aquaculture Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - L. Tancioni
- Experimental Ecology and Aquaculture Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
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