1
|
Zhang X, Li L, Chen J, Hu M, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Lu Y. Investigation of anti-depression effects and potential mechanisms of the ethyl acetate extract of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. through the integration of in vivo experiments, LC-MS/MS chemical analysis, and a systems biology approach. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1239197. [PMID: 37954847 PMCID: PMC10634308 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1239197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. has long been used as an anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, and anti-aging agent in traditional Chinese medicine in Asia. Its ethyl acetate extract (ECS) has been identified as the main antioxidant component with neuroprotective and estrogen-like effects. However, the potential of ECS in treating depression has not been explored yet. Methods: We identified the primary metabolites in ECS in this study using liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Network analysis was used to find the potential targets and pathways associated with the anti-neuroinflammatory depression action of the ECS. In addition, we established a corticosterone (CORT)-induced depression mouse model to assess ECS's antidepressant effects by monitoring various behavioral changes (e.g., sucrose preference, forced swimming, tail suspension, and open field tests) and biochemical indices of the hippocampus, and validating the network analysis results. Significant pathways underwent verification through western blotting based on network analysis prediction. Results: Our study demonstrates that ECS possesses significant antidepressant activity. The LC-MS/MS analysis of ECS identified 30 main metabolites, including phloridzin, phlorizin, ursolic acid, and naringenin, as well as other flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic acids. These metabolites were found to be associated with 64 candidate target proteins related to neuroinflammatory depression from the database, and ten hub proteins were identified through filtration: CXCL8, ICAM1, NOS2, SELP, TNF, IL6, APP, ACHE, MAOA and ADA. Functional enrichment analyses of the candidate targets revealed their primary roles in regulating cytokine production, inflammatory response, cytokine activity, and tumor necrosis factor receptor binding. In vivo, ECS improved hippocampal neuroinflammation in the mouse model. Specifically, ECS reduced the expression of inflammatory factors in the hippocampus, inhibited M1 microglial cell polarization, and alleviated depression through the regulation of the NF-κB-NLRP3 inflammation pathway. Conclusion: Based on experimental and network analysis, this study revealed for the first time that ECS exerted antidepression effect via anti-neuroinflammation. Our research provides valuable information on the use of ECS as an alternative therapeutic approach for depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yi Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhu G, Zhao J, Zhang H, Wang G, Chen W. Gut Microbiota and its Metabolites: Bridge of Dietary Nutrients and Alzheimer's Disease. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:819-839. [PMID: 37075947 PMCID: PMC10334159 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation. Recent research has revealed the crucial role of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in modulating AD. However, the mechanisms by which the microbiome and microbial metabolites affect brain function remain poorly understood. Here, we review the literature on changes in the diversity and composition of the gut microbiome in patients with AD and in animal models of AD. We also discuss the latest progress in understanding the pathways by which the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites from the host or diet regulate AD. By understanding the effects of dietary components on brain function, microbiota composition, and microbial metabolites, we examine the potential for manipulation of the gut microbiota through dietary intervention to delay the progression of AD. Although it is challenging to translate our understanding of microbiome-based approaches to dietary guidelines or clinical therapies, these findings provide an attractive target for promoting brain function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangsu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; National Engineering Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; National Engineering Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Osmanović Barilar J, Babić Perhoč A, Knezović A, Homolak J, Virag D, Šalković-Petrišić M. The Effect of the Sodium—Glucose Cotransporter Inhibitor on Cognition and Metabolic Parameters in a Rat Model of Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041025. [PMID: 37189641 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (sAD), and antidiabetic drugs, including the sodium–glucose cotransporter inhibitors (SGLTI), are being studied as possible sAD therapy. We have explored whether the SGLTI phloridzin may influence metabolic and cognitive parameters in a rat model of sAD. Adult male Wistar rats were randomized to a control (CTR), an sAD-model group induced by intracerebroventricular streptozotocin (STZ-icv; 3 mg/kg), a CTR+SGLTI, or an STZ-icv+SGLTI group. Two-month-long oral (gavage) SGLTI treatment (10 mg/kg) was initiated 1 month after STZ-icv and cognitive performance tested prior to sacrifice. SGLTI treatment significantly decreased plasma glucose levels only in the CTR group and failed to correct STZ-icv-induced cognitive deficit. In both the CTR and STZ-icv groups, SGLTI treatment diminished weight gain, decreased amyloid beta (Aβ) 1-42 in duodenum, and decreased the plasma levels of total glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), while the levels of active GLP-1, as well as both total and active glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, remained unchanged, compared to their respective controls. The increment in GLP-1 levels in the cerebrospinal fluid and its effect on Aβ 1-42 in duodenum could be one of the molecular mechanisms by which SGLTIs indirectly induce pleiotropic beneficial effects.
Collapse
|
4
|
Khan S, Hassan MI, Shahid M, Islam A. Nature's Toolbox Against Tau Aggregation: An Updated Review of Current Research. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 87:101924. [PMID: 37004844 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Tau aggregation is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia, and progressive supranuclear palsy. Hyperphosphorylated tau is believed to contribute to the degeneration of neurons and the development of these complex diseases. Therefore, one potential treatment for these illnesses is to prevent or counteract tau aggregation. In recent years, interest has been increasing in developing nature-derived tau aggregation inhibitors as a potential treatment for neurodegenerative disorders. Researchers have become increasingly interested in natural compounds with multifunctional features, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, resveratrol, and curcumin, since these molecules can interact simultaneously with the various targets of AD. Recent studies have demonstrated that several natural compounds can inhibit tau aggregation and promote the disassembly of pre-formed tau aggregates. Nature-derived tau aggregation inhibitors hold promise as a potential treatment for neurodegenerative disorders. However, it is important to note that more research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms by which these compounds exert their effects and their safety and efficacy in preclinical and clinical studies. Nature-derived inhibitors of tau aggregation are a promising new direction in the research of neurodegenerative complexities. This review focuses on the natural products that have proven to be a rich supply for inhibitors in tau aggregation and their uses in neurodegenerative complexities, including AD.
Collapse
|
5
|
Nejabati HR, Roshangar L. Kaempferol as a potential neuroprotector in Alzheimer's disease. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14375. [PMID: 35929364 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, is largely associated with cognitive disability, amnesia, and abnormal behavior, which accounts for about two third of people with dementia worldwide. A growing body of research demonstrates that AD is connected to several factors, such as aberrant accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ), increase in the hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein, and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inordinate production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Despite remarkable efforts to realize the etiology and pathophysiology of AD, until now, scientists have not developed and introduced medications that can permanently cease the progression of AD. Thus, nowadays, research on the role of natural products in the treatment and prevention of AD has attracted great attention. Kaempferol (KMP), one of the prominent members of flavonols, exerts its ameliorative actions via attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation, reducing Aβ-induced neurotoxicity, and regulating the cholinergic system. Therefore, in this review article, we outlined the possible effects of KMP in the prevention and treatment of AD. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Kaempferol (KMP) exerts its ameliorative actions against AD via attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation, reducing Aβ-induced neurotoxicity, and regulating the cholinergic system. The beneficial effects of KMP were addressed in both in vitro and in vivo studies; however, conducting further research can warrant its long-term effects as a safe agent. Therefore, after confirming its favorable functions in the prevention and treatment of AD, it could be used as a safe and effective agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Reza Nejabati
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Su YL, Liu D, Liu YJ, Ji YL, Liu GS, Wang JLT, Wang B, Wang H. Phlorizin alleviates cholinergic memory impairment and regulates gut microbiota in d-galactose induced mice. Exp Gerontol 2022; 165:111863. [PMID: 35660419 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We explored the effect of phlorizin against cholinergic memory impairment and dysbacteriosis in D-galactose induced ICR mice. The control (CON) group, D-galactose model (DGM) group, and three groups (DG-PL, DG-PM, DG-PH) treated with phlorizin at 0.01%, 0.02%, and 0.04% (w/w) in diets were raised for 12 weeks. Supplementing with phlorizin reversed the loss of organ coefficient and body weight caused by D-galactose. The functional abilities of phlorizin on hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and memory, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation were also observed. Meanwhile, phlorizin intervention upregulated the gene expression of Nrf2, GSH-PX, SOD1, decreased the gene expression of NF-κB, TLR-4, TNF-α, and IL-1β in the hippocampus, while enhanced the gene expression of JAM-A, Mucin2, Occludin in the caecum. Furthermore, a neurotransmitter of acetylcholine (ACh) was enhanced, while acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was inhibited by phlorizin administration. Moreover, phlorizin administration increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) content, and reduced lipopolysaccharides (LPS) levels, which may relate to the rebuilding of gut microbiota homeostasis. Treatment with phlorizin may be an effective intervention for alleviating cognitive decline and gut microbiota dysbiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ling Su
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yao-Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yang-Lin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Gui-Shan Liu
- School of Food & Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Ji-Li-Te Wang
- Department of Agriculture, Hetao College, Inner Mongolia, Bayannur 015000, China
| | - Biao Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ren Y, Sun-Waterhouse D, Ouyang F, Tan X, Li D, Xu L, Li B, Wang Y, Li F. Apple phenolic extract ameliorates lead-induced cognitive impairment, depression- and anxiety-like behavior in mice through abating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis via miR-22-3p/SIRT1 axis. Food Funct 2022; 13:2647-2661. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03750a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lead can lead to neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment. In this study, for the first time, the protective effects and working mechanisms of apple phenolic extract (APE) against lead acetate (Pb(Ac)2)-induced...
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang Z, Zhou DD, Huang SY, Fang AP, Li HB, Zhu HL. Effects and mechanisms of natural products on Alzheimer's disease. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-21. [PMID: 34613845 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1985428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in elderly people with a high incidence rate and complicated pathogenesis, and causes progressive cognitive deficit and memory impairment. Some natural products and bioactive compounds from natural sources show great potential in the prevention and treatment of AD, such as apple, blueberries, grapes, chili pepper, Monsonia angustifolia, cruciferous vegetables, Herba epimedii, Angelica tenuissima, Embelia ribes, sea cucumber, Cucumaria frondosa, green tea, Puer tea, Amanita caesarea and Inonotus obliquus, via reducing amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition, decreasing Tau hyperphosphorylation, regulating cholinergic system, reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting apoptosis and ameliorating inflammation. This review mainly summarizes the effects of some natural products and their bioactive compounds on AD with the potential molecular mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Yu Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ai-Ping Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Lian Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Borowiec K, Michalak A. Flavonoids from edible fruits as therapeutic agents in neuroinflammation - a comprehensive review and update. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:6742-6760. [PMID: 33783286 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1905604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a key process in the pathogenesis of many neurological disorders, i.e. Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. However, there are no anti-inflammatory medical interventions recommended so far in the treatment of neuroinflammation-related brain disorders. Therefore, the burden of searching for effective and safe antineuroinflammatory agents is well founded, especially in the aging society. Compounds of plant origin, mainly (poly)phenols, have attracted considerable attention in recent years. Notably, the role of flavonoids in ameliorating neuroinflammation is in the limelight. Thus, we used comprehensive literature retrieval to summarize the effects and active components of edible fruits and their phenolic compounds. As a result, this review presents a valuable summary of results of in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies on the antineuroinflammatory effects of edible fruits and their (poly)phenolic extracts as well as dietary flavonoids and other selected (poly)phenols based on the detailed description of foregoing studies. Additionally, problems resulting from the limited bioavailability of (poly)phenols were discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Borowiec
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Michalak
- Independent Laboratory of Behavioral Studies, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Variability in the Qualitative and Quantitative Composition and Content of Phenolic Compounds in the Fruit of Introduced American Cranberry ( Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton). PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9101379. [PMID: 33081256 PMCID: PMC7602967 DOI: 10.3390/plants9101379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the composition and content of phenolic compounds in ethanol extracts of eight different cultivars of American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) fruit using spectrophotometric and UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis and to evaluate the antioxidant activity in vitro of these extracts. The highest total amount of phenolic compounds evaluated via Folin–Ciocalteu spectrophotometry was detected in American cranberry fruit samples of the ‘Bain’ clone, and the highest total amount of flavonoids was found in samples of the ‘Drever’ and ‘Baiwfay’ cultivars. The highest total amount of the individual phenolic compounds (519.53 ± 25.12 mg/g DW) identified and quantitatively evaluated via chromatography was detected in samples of the ‘Searles’ cranberry cultivar. In the studied cranberry samples, the predominant phenolic compounds were hyperoside, quercetin, and procyanidin A2, while the amounts of other compounds were significantly lower. HCA and PCA revealed that ‘Woolman’, ‘Holliston’, ‘Pilgrim, and ‘Searles’ fruit samples had different quantitative content of phenolic compounds from other cranberry cultivars. Meanwhile, fruit of ‘Baiwfay’, ‘Drever’, ‘Bain’, and ‘Bergman’ were similar in their phytochemical profile.
Collapse
|
11
|
Shang A, Liu HY, Luo M, Xia Y, Yang X, Li HY, Wu DT, Sun Q, Geng F, Li HB, Gan RY. Sweet tea (Lithocarpus polystachyus rehd.) as a new natural source of bioactive dihydrochalcones with multiple health benefits. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:917-934. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1830363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ao Shang
- National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yan Liu
- National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Xia
- National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang-Yu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, Sichuan, China
| | - Quancai Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Fang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Birla H, Minocha T, Kumar G, Misra A, Singh SK. Role of Oxidative Stress and Metal Toxicity in the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 18:552-562. [PMID: 31969104 PMCID: PMC7457422 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666200122122512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the life-threatening neurodegenerative disorders in the elderly (>60 years) and incurable across the globe to date. AD is caused by the involvement of various genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors that affect neuronal cells to degenerate over the period of time. The oxidative stress is engaged in the pathogenesis of various disorders and its key role is also linked to the etiology of AD. AD is attributed by neuronal loss, abnormal accumulation of Amyloid-β (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) with severe memory impairments and other cognitive dysfunctions which lead to the loss of synapses and neuronal death and eventual demise of the individual. Increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), loss of mitochondrial function, altered metal homeostasis, aberrant accumulation of senile plaque and mitigated antioxidant defense mechanism all are indulged in the progression of AD. In spite of recent advances in biomedical research, the underlying mechanism of disruption of redox balance and the actual source of oxidative stress is still obscure. This review highlights the generation of ROS through different mechanisms, the role of some important metals in the progression of AD and free radical scavenging by endogenous molecule and supplementation of nutrients in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Address correspondence to this author at the Indian Scientific Education and Technology Foundation, Lucknow-226002, India;E-mails: ;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang H, Cheng J, Wang H, Wang M, Zhao J, Wu Z. Protective effect of apple phlorizin on hydrogen peroxide-induced cell damage in HepG2 cells. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e13052. [PMID: 31515822 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Apple phlorizin has many biological activities, such as antioxidant and liver protection. The present study aimed to evaluate the roles of apple phlorizin against hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 )-induced oxidative damage in HepG2 cells. In this study, treatment with apple phlorizin (100 and 150 μg/ml) decreased the production of reactive oxygen species and alleviated apoptosis as well as DNA damage in H2 O2 -induced HepG2 cells. These effects were associated with the increased activity of antioxidant enzymes, enhanced the ARE-driven phase II antioxidant gene expression and its upstream Nrf2 protein expression, and decreased apoptosis-related gene expression. However, the phase II antioxidant gene expression and Nrf2 protein expression upregulated by phlorizin were reversed by Nrf2 shRNA transfection. These results showed that phlorizin relieves oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis in H2 O2 -induced HepG2 cells, at least partially, by regulating the expression of Nrf2 protein and apoptosis-related genes. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Apple phlorizin is a polyphenol compound extracted from apple or apple juice. This report highlighted a protective effect of phlorizin on antioxidant stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis in H2 O2 -induced HepG2 cells. These results suggested that phlorizin may be developed for functional foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science &Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science &Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Huali Wang
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Mingchun Wang
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science &Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zijian Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|