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Ousaaid D, Bakour M, Laaroussi H, El Ghouizi A, Lyoussi B, El Arabi I. Fruit vinegar as a promising source of natural anti-inflammatory agents: an up-to-date review. Daru 2024; 32:307-317. [PMID: 38040916 PMCID: PMC11087403 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-023-00493-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fruit vinegar is one of the most famous fruit byproducts worldwide with several unique properties. There are two types of fruit vinegar, artisanal and industrial, for consumers to choose from. This review aims to assess for the first time the phytochemistry of fruit vinegar and its anti-inflammatory effects. METHOD The present work was conducted based on a literature search that selected the relevant papers from indexed databases such as Scopus, Science Direct, MDPI, PubMed, Hindawi, and Web of Science. We used numerous terms to assure a good search in different databases, including fruit vinegar, phytochemistry, bioavailability and bioaccessibility, and anti-inflammatory effect. All articles were selected based on their relevance, quality, and problematic treatment. RESULTS Literature data have shown that vinegar has a long medicinal history and has been widely used by different civilizations, due to its richness in bioactive molecules, vinegar plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of various inflammatory diseases, including atopic dermatitis, mastitis, asthma, arthritis, acute pancreatitis, and colitis. Fruit vinegar consumption benefit is highly dependent on its chemical composition, especially organic acids and antioxidants, which can act as nutraceuticals. CONCLUSION Fruit vinegar has a rich chemical composition, including organic acids that can be transformed in the digestive system into compounds that play an important role in health-promoting features such as anti-inflammatory effects throughout the control of intestinal microbiota and pro-inflammatory cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Driss Ousaaid
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, 30000, Morocco.
| | - Meryem Bakour
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, 30000, Morocco
| | - Hassan Laaroussi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, 30000, Morocco
| | - Asmae El Ghouizi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, 30000, Morocco
| | - Badiaa Lyoussi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, 30000, Morocco
| | - Ilham El Arabi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, 30000, Morocco
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Avanzi Barbosa Mascareli V, Galvan D, Craveiro de Andrade J, Lelis C, Adam Conte-Junior C, Michelino Gaeta Lopes G, César de Macedo Júnior F, Aparecida Spinosa W. Spectralprint techniques coupled with chemometric tools for vinegar classifications. Food Chem 2023; 410:135373. [PMID: 36608560 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Vinegar is a versatile product used for food preservation, cooking, healthcare, and cleaning. In this study, 80 vinegar of different raw materials, aging time, and for the first time by the agronomic method of raw material cultivation were classified by spectralprint techniques with chemometrics. Datasets were obtained by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), Fourier transforms mid-infrared (FT-IR), near-infrared (NIR), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis); then evaluated by common dimension (ComDim) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). NMR with PLS-DA had the best prediction performance compared to other techniques, with accuracy values between 92.3 and 100 %, followed by FT-IR and UV-vis of 80.8 and 96.0 % and NIR between 69.2 and 84.0 %. The results indicated that the classification of vinegar according to the agronomic cultivation method is more complex than aging time or raw material. However, any of these spectralprint techniques have demonstrated that they can be used in the classification of vinegar.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diego Galvan
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, MS 79.070-900, Brazil.
| | - Jelmir Craveiro de Andrade
- Analytical and Molecular Laboratorial Center (CLAn), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21.941-909, Brazil; Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21.941-598, Brazil; Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21.941-909, Brazil
| | - Carini Lelis
- Analytical and Molecular Laboratorial Center (CLAn), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21.941-909, Brazil; Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21.941-598, Brazil; Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21.941-909, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Analytical and Molecular Laboratorial Center (CLAn), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21.941-909, Brazil; Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21.941-598, Brazil; Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21.941-909, Brazil
| | | | | | - Wilma Aparecida Spinosa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR 86.057-970, Brazil
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Yuan N, Chi X, Ye Q, Liu H, Zheng N. Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in Milk during Heat Treatment Based on E-Nose, E-Tongue and HS-SPME-GC-MS. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051071. [PMID: 36900584 PMCID: PMC10001307 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) make up milk flavor and are essential attributes for consumers to evaluate milk quality. In order to investigate the influence of heat treatment on the VOCs of milk, electronic nose (E-nose), electronic tongue (E-tongue) and headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME)-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technology were used to evaluate the changes in VOCs in milk during 65 °C heat treatment and 135 °C heat treatment. The E-nose revealed differences in the overall flavor of milk, and the overall flavor performance of milk after heat treatment at 65 °C for 30 min is similar to that of raw milk, which can maximize the preservation of the original taste of milk. However, both were significantly different to the 135 °C-treated milk. The E-tongue results showed that the different processing techniques significantly affected taste presentation. In terms of taste performance, the sweetness of raw milk was more prominent, the saltiness of milk treated at 65 °C was more prominent, and the bitterness of milk treated at 135 °C was more prominent. The results of HS-SPME-GC-MS showed that a total of 43 VOCs were identified in the three types of milk-5 aldehydes, 8 alcohols, 4 ketones, 3 esters, 13 acids, 8 hydrocarbons, 1 nitrogenous compound, and 1 phenol. The amount of acid compounds was dramatically reduced as the heat treatment temperature rose, while ketones, esters, and hydrocarbons were encouraged to accumulate instead. Furfural, 2-heptanone, 2-undecanone, 2-furanmethanol, pentanoic acid ethyl ester, 5-octanolide, and 4,7-dimethyl-undecane can be used as the characteristic VOCs of milk treated at 135 °C. Our study provides new evidence for differences in VOCs produced during milk processing and insights into quality control during milk production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xuelu Chi
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiaoyan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (N.Z.)
| | - Nan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (N.Z.)
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Investigating the mechanism of the flavor formation in Sichuan sun vinegar based on flavor-orientation and metagenomics. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 6:100460. [PMID: 36798948 PMCID: PMC9925973 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermentation and aging are the key stages of flavor formation in Sichuan sun vinegar (SSV), but the generation mechanisms of the flavor produced by these processes are unknown. However, complex microbial metabolism is critical to the flavor development of SSV. In this study, we analyzed the key flavor compounds present in SSV. Combined with odor activity value (OAV), the main aroma components of SSV were screened, and the relationship between microorganisms and key flavor formation was predicted using metagenomic sequencing technology. The results revealed 38 key flavor compounds in SSV. Lactobacillus, Weissella, Acetobacter, Lichtheimia, Pediococcus, Oenococcus, Brettanomyces, Kazachstania, Pichia, Xanthomonas, Lenconostoc are widely involved in the production of key flavor compounds such as 2,3-butanediol, 2-Furanmethanol, phenylethanol, 3-(Methylthio)-1-propanol, acetic acid, lactic acid, butyric acid, isovaleric acid and other organic acids. Among them, Lichtheimia and Lactobacillus are important genera for the degradation of starch, arabinoxylan and cellulose. The acetaldehyde,4-ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol and 2-methoxy-4-methyl-phenol production pathway may be related to Lactobacillus, Acetobacter and Brettanomyces. This study provides a new understanding of the key flavor-formation stage and flavor compound generation mechanism of SSV and provides a reference for the screening and isolation of functional strains and the reconstruction of microbial communities.
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Bioactive compounds and volatile aroma compounds in rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) vinegar during the aging period. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Li S, Du D, Wang J, Wei Z. Application progress of intelligent flavor sensing system in the production process of fermented foods based on the flavor properties. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:3764-3793. [PMID: 36259959 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2134982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Fermented foods are sensitive to the production conditions because of microbial and enzymatic activities, which requires intelligent flavor sensing system (IFSS) to monitor and optimize the production process based on the flavor properties. As the simulation system of human olfaction and gustation, IFSS has been widely used in the field of food with the characteristics of nondestructive, pollution-free, and real-time detection. This paper reviews the application of IFSS in the control of fermentation, ripening, and shelf life, and the potential in the identification of quality differences and flavor-producing microbes in fermented foods. The survey found that electronic nose (tongue) is suitable to monitor fermentation process and identify food authenticity in real time based on the changes of flavor profile. Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance technology can be used to analyze the flavor metabolism of fermented foods at various production stages and explore the correlation between flavor substances and microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Li
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongdong Du
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenbo Wei
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Shin M, Kim JW, Gu B, Kim S, Kim H, Kim WC, Lee MR, Kim SR. Comparative Metabolite Profiling of Traditional and Commercial Vinegars in Korea. Metabolites 2021; 11:478. [PMID: 34436419 PMCID: PMC8400794 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Vinegar, composed of various organic acids, amino acids, and volatile compounds, has been newly recognized as a functional food with health benefits. Vinegar is produced through alcoholic fermentation of various raw materials followed by acetic acid fermentation, and detailed processes greatly vary between different vinegar products. This study performed metabolite profiling of various vinegar products using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify metabolites that are specific to vinegar production processes. In particular, seven traditional vinegars that underwent spontaneous and slow alcoholic and acetic acid fermentations were compared to four commercial vinegars that were produced through fast acetic acid fermentation using distilled ethanol. A total of 102 volatile and 78 nonvolatile compounds were detected, and the principal component analysis of metabolites clearly distinguished between the traditional and commercial vinegars. Ten metabolites were identified as specific or significantly different compounds depending on vinegar production processes, most of which had originated from complex microbial metabolism during traditional vinegar fermentation. These process-specific compounds of vinegars may serve as potential biomarkers for fermentation process controls as well as authenticity and quality evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhye Shin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea;
| | - Jeong-Won Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.-W.K.); (B.G.)
| | - Bonbin Gu
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.-W.K.); (B.G.)
| | - Sooah Kim
- Department of Environment Science & Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Korea;
| | - Hojin Kim
- Experimental Research Institute, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, Gimcheon-si 39660, Korea;
| | - Won-Chan Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Mee-Ryung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Korea
| | - Soo-Rin Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.-W.K.); (B.G.)
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Kim EJ, Cho KM, Kwon SJ, Seo SH, Park SE, Son HS. Factors affecting vinegar metabolites during two-stage fermentation through metabolomics study. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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