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Puengpan S, Phetrungnapha A, Sattayakawee S, Tunsophon S. Phycocyanin attenuates skeletal muscle damage and fatigue via modulation of Nrf2 and IRS-1/AKT/mTOR pathway in exercise-induced oxidative stress in rats. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0310138. [PMID: 39255269 PMCID: PMC11386417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Prolonged strenuous exercise induces oxidative stress, leading to oxidative damage, skeletal muscle fatigue, and reduced exercise performance. The body compensates for oxidative stress through antioxidant actions, while related enzymes alone may not overcome excessive oxidative stress during prolonged strenuous exercise. Phycocyanin is an important antioxidant supplement derived from blue-green algae, which may be helpful in this type of situation. This study determined the effects of phycocyanin on exercise performance from prolonged strenuous exercise. Forty Sprague Dawley male rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 8 /group); Control group (C), Exercise group (E), and Exercise with supplement groups receiving low dose (Phycocyanin = 100 mg/kg BW; ELP) and high dose (Phycocyanin = 200 mg/kg BW; EHP) or vitamin C (Vitamin C = 200 mg/kg BW; VC). Phycocyanin was found to decrease oxidative damage markers, muscle fatigue, and muscle atrophy through the activated AKT/mTOR pathway. This was also found to have greater increases in antioxidants via Nrf2 signaling and increases ATP synthesis, GLUT4 transporters, and insulin signaling due to increased IRS-1/AKT signaling. In conclusion, phycocyanin was found to reduce oxidative damage and muscle atrophy, including an increase in insulin signaling in skeletal muscles leading to increased exercise performance in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayomphu Puengpan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Amnat Phetrungnapha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | | | - Sakara Tunsophon
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
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Lu D, Yao D, Hu G, Zhou J, Shen X, Qian L. Maternal docosahexaenoic acid supplementation during lactation improves exercise performance, enhances intestinal glucose absorption and modulates gut microbiota in weaning offspring mice. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1423576. [PMID: 39036494 PMCID: PMC11258037 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1423576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intestinal dysfunction induced by weaning stress is common during breastfeeding period. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is well known for promoting visual and brain development, but its effects on early intestinal development remain unknown. This study investigated the impact of maternal DHA supplementation during lactation on intestinal glucose absorption and gut microbiota in weaning offspring mice. Materials and methods Dams were supplemented with vehicle (control), 150 mg/(kg body weight · day) DHA (L-DHA), or 450 mg/(kg body weight · day) DHA (H-DHA) throughout lactation by oral administration. After weaning, pups were randomly divided into three groups for athletic analysis, microbial and proteomic analysis, biochemical analysis, 4-deoxy-4-fluoro-D-glucose (4-FDG) absorption test, and gene expression quantitation of glucose transport-associated proteins and mTOR signaling components. Results The H-DHA group exhibited enhanced grip strength and prolonged swimming duration compared to the control group. Additionally, there were significant increases in jejunal and ileal villus height, and expanded surface area of jejunal villi in the H-DHA group. Microbial analyses revealed that maternal DHA intake increased the abundance of beneficial gut bacteria and promoted metabolic pathways linked to carbohydrate and energy metabolism. Proteomic studies indicated an increased abundance of nutrient transport proteins and enrichment of pathways involved in absorption and digestion in the H-DHA group. This group also showed higher concentrations of glucose in the jejunum and ileum, as well as elevated glycogen levels in the liver and muscles, in contrast to lower glucose levels in the intestinal contents and feces compared to the control group. The 4-FDG absorption test showed more efficient absorption after oral 4-FDG gavage in the H-DHA group. Moreover, the expressions of glucose transport-associated proteins, GLUT2 and SGLT1, and the activation of mTOR pathway were enhanced in the H-DHA group compared to the control group. The L-DHA group also showed similar but less pronounced improvements in these aspects relative to the H-DHA group. Conclusion Our findings suggested that maternal DHA supplementation during lactation improves the exercise performance, enhances the intestinal glucose absorption by increasing the expressions of glucose transporters, and beneficially alters the structure of gut microbiome in weaning offspring mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalu Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Die Yao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaoli Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiefei Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuhua Shen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linxi Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Kim SH, Leem YE, Park HE, Jeong HI, Lee J, Kang JS. The Extract of Gloiopeltis tenax Enhances Myogenesis and Alleviates Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6806. [PMID: 38928510 PMCID: PMC11203874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The decline in the function and mass of skeletal muscle during aging or other pathological conditions increases the incidence of aging-related secondary diseases, ultimately contributing to a decreased lifespan and quality of life. Much effort has been made to surmise the molecular mechanisms underlying muscle atrophy and develop tools for improving muscle function. Enhancing mitochondrial function is considered critical for increasing muscle function and health. This study is aimed at evaluating the effect of an aqueous extract of Gloiopeltis tenax (GTAE) on myogenesis and muscle atrophy caused by dexamethasone (DEX). The GTAE promoted myogenic differentiation, accompanied by an increase in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator α (PGC-1α) expression and mitochondrial content in myoblast cell culture. In addition, the GTAE alleviated the DEX-mediated myotube atrophy that is attributable to the Akt-mediated inhibition of the Atrogin/MuRF1 pathway. Furthermore, an in vivo study using a DEX-induced muscle atrophy mouse model demonstrated the efficacy of GTAE in protecting muscles from atrophy and enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis and function, even under conditions of atrophy. Taken together, this study suggests that the GTAE shows propitious potential as a nutraceutical for enhancing muscle function and preventing muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Hyung Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.K.); (Y.-E.L.)
| | - Young-Eun Leem
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.K.); (Y.-E.L.)
| | - Hye Eun Park
- Laboratories of Marine New Drugs, Redone Technologies Co., Ltd., Jangseong-gun 57247, Republic of Korea; (H.E.P.); (H.-I.J.)
| | - Hae-In Jeong
- Laboratories of Marine New Drugs, Redone Technologies Co., Ltd., Jangseong-gun 57247, Republic of Korea; (H.E.P.); (H.-I.J.)
| | - Jihye Lee
- Laboratories of Marine New Drugs, Redone Technologies Co., Ltd., Jangseong-gun 57247, Republic of Korea; (H.E.P.); (H.-I.J.)
| | - Jong-Sun Kang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.K.); (Y.-E.L.)
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Murakami S, Hirazawa C, Mizutani T, Yoshikawa R, Ohya T, Ma N, Owaki Y, Owaki T, Ito T, Matsuzaki C. The anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects of the edible seaweed Gloiopeltis furcata (Postels et Ruprecht) J. Agardh in mice fed a high-fat diet. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:599-610. [PMID: 36655073 PMCID: PMC9834850 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes are serious, chronic medical conditions associated with a wide range of life-threatening conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the edible red seaweed Gloiopeltis furcata (Postels et Ruprecht) J. Agardh (G. furcata) on the development of obesity, diabetes and related metabolic diseases in mice. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat (HF) diet (60% energy as fat), or an HF diet containing 2% (w/w) or 6% powdered G. furcata for 13 weeks. Polysaccharides of G. furcata were isolated and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The HF diet group showed greater weight gain, lipid accumulation in the body and liver, and increased serum levels of glucose and cholesterol in comparison to the normal group fed a normal diet (10% energy as fat). The treatment of HF diet mice with G. furcata reduced these changes and stimulated the fecal excretion of fat. In addition, G. furcata suppressed the HF diet-induced elevation of inflammation and oxidative stress markers in the serum and liver. The isolated sulfated polysaccharide from G. furcata inhibited pancreatic lipase activity and decreased the production of nitric oxide and TNF-α in the murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7. These results show that G. furcata treatment can attenuate obesity, diabetes, hepatic steatosis, and dyslipidemia in mice fed an HF diet, which is associated with inhibited intestinal fat absorption and reduced inflammation and oxidative stress by a sulfated polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Murakami
- Department of Bioscience and BiotechnologyFukui Prefectural UniversityFukuiJapan
- Fukui Bioincubation Center (FBIC)Fukui Prefectural UniversityFukuiJapan
| | - Chihiro Hirazawa
- Department of Bioscience and BiotechnologyFukui Prefectural UniversityFukuiJapan
| | - Toshiki Mizutani
- Department of Bioscience and BiotechnologyFukui Prefectural UniversityFukuiJapan
| | - Rina Yoshikawa
- Department of Bioscience and BiotechnologyFukui Prefectural UniversityFukuiJapan
| | - Takuma Ohya
- Department of Bioscience and BiotechnologyFukui Prefectural UniversityFukuiJapan
| | - Ning Ma
- Division of Health Science, Graduate School of Health ScienceSuzuka UniversitySuzukaJapan
| | | | | | - Takashi Ito
- Department of Bioscience and BiotechnologyFukui Prefectural UniversityFukuiJapan
- Fukui Bioincubation Center (FBIC)Fukui Prefectural UniversityFukuiJapan
| | - Chiaki Matsuzaki
- Research Institute for Bioresources and BiotechnologyIshikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan
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