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Yoo J, Park JE, Han JS. HMC Ameliorates Hyperglycemia via Acting PI3K/AKT Pathway and Improving FOXO1 Pathway in ob/ob Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:2023. [PMID: 37432173 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a disease characterized by hyperglycemia and is a growing health problem worldwide. Since many known diabetes drugs are side effects, it is necessary to develop natural substances with guaranteed safety. HM-chromanone isolated from Portulaca oleracea L. is a homoisoflavonoid compound. We investigated the effects of HM-chromanone on hyperglycemia and its mechanism in C57BL/6J ob/ob mice. C57BL/6J-Jms Slc mice were used as the control group, and C57BL/6J-ob/ob mice were divided into three groups: ob/ob (control), metformin (Met; positive control), and HM-chromanone (HMC). Fasting blood glucose was lower in the HMC group than those in the ob/ob group. Insulin resistance was improved by reducing HbA1c, plasma insulin, and HOMA-IR levels in the HMC group. HMC administration decreased the phosphorylation of IRS-1ser307 and increased the phosphorylation of IRS-1tyr612, PI3K, phosphorylation of AKTser473, and PM-GLUT4 in the skeletal muscles of ob/ob mice, indicating improved insulin signaling. HMC administration also increased the phosphorylation of FOXO1 in the liver of ob/ob mice. This inhibited PEPCK and G6pase involved in gluconeogenesis and regulated phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β and glycogen synthase involved in glycogen synthesis. In conclusion, HM-chromanone ameliorates hyperglycemia by PI3K/AKT and improves the FOXO1 in ob/ob mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Yoo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Eun Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Sook Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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Lin L, Li C, Li T, Zheng J, Shu Y, Zhang J, Shen Y, Ren D. Plant‐derived peptides for the improvement of Alzheimer's disease: Production, functions, and mechanisms. FOOD FRONTIERS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Like Lin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Cong Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Jingyi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Yu Shu
- College of Food Science and Technology Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Yehua Shen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Difeng Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Safety in Forestry Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Beijing Forestry University Beijing China
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Wu M, Cai YL, Yang Y, Hu HM, Yao Y, Yang J, Deng JJ, Wan L. Vitamin D ameliorates insulin resistance-induced osteopenia by inactivating the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13215. [PMID: 36816288 PMCID: PMC9929320 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Osteoporosis (OP) can be considered a chronic complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Aberrant activation of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is associated with the pathogenesis of various inflammation-related diseases, e.g., T2DM and OP. Vitamin D affects the inflammatory pathway and inhibits an excessive inflammatory response. The current study investigated the inter-relationship between vitamin D and inflammasome activation in T2DM. Method Hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were treated with Conditioned Medium of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells after VitD treatment (CM-VitD), as well as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) specific agonist, 740Y-P, or the PI3K specific inhibitor, LY294002, respectively, or both. 40 Eight-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats were selected and established as a DM model. The rats were injected with CM-VitD, as well as the 740Y-P specific agonist, or the LY294002 inhibitor, respectively, or both. A quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were conducted to evaluate the expression of messenger ribonucleic acid and protein in the RUX2 gene, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), OsteoPontiN (OPN), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), protein kinase B (AKT), PI3K, NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1 beta (β), IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the BMSCs and liver tissue of rats. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the concentration of inflammatory factors in the cell supernatant and serum of rats. Results An isolated co-culture of HepG2/insulin-resistance cells and BMSCs promoted the adipogenic transformation of the latter and inhibited the transformation of BMSCs into osteogenesis. The PI3K specific agonist, 740Y-P, significantly increased the expression of PI3K, AKT, NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 while the PI3K specific inhibitor, LY294002, does the opposite. Additionally, CM-VitD reduced the expression of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 in BMSCs and rat liver via the PI3K/AKT pathway. Conclusion Vitamin D can inhibit the inflammatory response induced by T2DM and promote the osteogenesis of BMSCs, which may play a key role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes patients with OP.
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Sturgeon protein-derived peptide KIWHHTF prevents insulin resistance via modulation of IRS-1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in HepG2 cells. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Fang L, Zhang RX, Wei Y, Ling K, Lu L, Wang J, Pan XC, Cai MY. Anti-fatigue effects of fermented soybean protein peptides in mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:2693-2703. [PMID: 34694006 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioactive protein hydrolysates and peptides are believed to help counteract and ameliorate physical fatigue. Fermented soybean protein peptides (FSPPs) were prepared by protease hydrolysis and microbial fermentation. The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-fatigue properties of FSPPs. RESULTS The forced swimming time in the FSPP group was 35.78% longer than the control group, the oxygen-resistant survival time of the FSPP group was significantly prolonged and the prolongation rate was 31.00%. In addition, FSPPs decreased the lactic acid (LD), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatine kinase (CK) concentration by 27.47%, 25.93% and 21.70%, respectively, after treatment, while increasing the levels of liver glycogen and muscle glycogen by 93.35% and 67.31%, respectively. FSPPs can significantly increase gut microbiota diversity and regulate the species richness of gut microbiota. The results of real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting showed that FSPPs activate p-AMPK/PGC1-α and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. CONCLUSION These results indicate that treatment with FSPPs induces anti-fatigue effects, which may be due to the mediating muscle protein synthesis and participation in skeletal muscle hypertrophy, providing energy for muscle cells. FSPPs may have potential applications in the food industry as functional material additives. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Xue Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wei
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kong Ling
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Lu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Chang Pan
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mu-Yi Cai
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Jahandideh F, Bourque SL, Wu J. A comprehensive review on the glucoregulatory properties of food-derived bioactive peptides. Food Chem X 2022; 13:100222. [PMID: 35498998 PMCID: PMC9039931 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a group of metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, affects millions of people worldwide and is on the rise. Dietary proteins, from a wide range of food sources, are rich in bioactive peptides with antidiabetic properties. Notable examples include AGFAGDDAPR, a black tea-derived peptide, VRIRLLQRFNKRS, a β-conglycinin-derived peptide, and milk-derived peptide VPP, which have shown antidiabetic effects in diabetic rodent models through variety of pathways including improving beta-cells function, suppression of alpha-cells proliferation, inhibiting food intake, increasing portal cholecystokinin concentration, enhancing insulin signaling and glucose uptake, and ameliorating adipose tissue inflammation. Despite the immense research on glucoregulatory properties of bioactive peptides, incorporation of these bioactive peptides in functional foods or nutraceuticals is widely limited due to the existence of several challenges in the field of peptide research and commercialization. Ongoing research in this field, however, is fundamental to pave the road for this purpose.
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Key Words
- AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase
- Akt, Protein kinase B
- Bioactive peptides
- C/EBP-α, CCAAT/ enhancer binding protein alpha
- CCK, Cholecystokinin
- CCK-1R, CCK type 1 receptor
- DPP-IV, Dipeptidyl peptidase IV
- Diabetes mellitus
- ERK1/2, Extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2
- GIP, Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
- GLP-1, Glucagon-like peptide 1
- GLUT, Glucose transporter
- Glucose homeostasis
- IRS-1, Insulin receptor substrate-1
- Insulin resistance
- MAPK, Mitogen activated protein kinase
- PI3K, Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
- PPARγ, Peroxisome proliferator associated receptor gamma
- Reproductive dysfunction
- TZD, Thiazolidinedione
- cGMP, cyclic guanosine-monophosphate
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Jahandideh
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada.,Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Stephane L Bourque
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada.,Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Jianping Wu
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada.,Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
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Yin H, Shi A, Wu J. Platelet-Activating Factor Promotes the Development of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:2003-2030. [PMID: 35837578 PMCID: PMC9275506 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s367483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multifaceted clinicopathological syndrome characterised by excessive hepatic lipid accumulation that causes steatosis, excluding alcoholic factors. Platelet-activating factor (PAF), a biologically active lipid transmitter, induces platelet activation upon binding to the PAF receptor. Recent studies have found that PAF is associated with gamma-glutamyl transferase, which is an indicator of liver disease. Moreover, PAF can stimulate hepatic lipid synthesis and cause hypertriglyceridaemia. Furthermore, the knockdown of the PAF receptor gene in the animal models of NAFLD helped reduce the inflammatory response, improve glucose homeostasis and delay the development of NAFLD. These findings suggest that PAF is associated with NAFLD development. According to reports, patients with NAFLD or animal models have marked platelet activation abnormalities, mainly manifested as enhanced platelet adhesion and aggregation and altered blood rheology. Pharmacological interventions were accompanied by remission of abnormal platelet activation and significant improvement in liver function and lipids in the animal model of NAFLD. These confirm that platelet activation may accompany a critical importance in NAFLD development and progression. However, how PAFs are involved in the NAFLD signalling pathway needs further investigation. In this paper, we review the relevant literature in recent years and discuss the role played by PAF in NAFLD development. It is important to elucidate the pathogenesis of NAFLD and to find effective interventions for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Anhua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junzi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Junzi Wu; Anhua Shi, Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 187 8855 7524; +86 138 8885 0813, Email ;
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Pea Proteins Have Anabolic Effects Comparable to Milk Proteins on Whole Body Protein Retention and Muscle Protein Metabolism in Old Rats. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124234. [PMID: 34959786 PMCID: PMC8704096 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant proteins are attracting rising interest due to their pro-health benefits and environmental sustainability. However, little is known about the nutritional value of pea proteins when consumed by older people. Herein, we evaluated the digestibility and nutritional efficiency of pea proteins compared to casein and whey proteins in old rats. Thirty 20-month-old male Wistar rats were assigned to an isoproteic and isocaloric diet containing either casein (CAS), soluble milk protein (WHEY) or Pisane™ pea protein isolate for 16 weeks. The three proteins had a similar effect on nitrogen balance, true digestibility and net protein utilization in old rats, which means that different protein sources did not alter body composition, tissue weight, skeletal muscle protein synthesis or degradation. Muscle mitochondrial activity, inflammation status and insulin resistance were similar between the three groups. In conclusion, old rats used pea protein with the same efficiency as casein or whey proteins, due to its high digestibility and amino acid composition. Using these plant-based proteins could help older people diversify their protein sources and more easily achieve nutritional intake recommendations.
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Antioxidant product analysis of Folium Hibisci Mutabilis. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2021.101272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Li X, Ye Y, Wang B, Zhao S. miR-140-5p Aggravates Insulin Resistance via Directly Targeting GYS1 and PPP1CC in Insulin-Resistant HepG2 Cells. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:2515-2524. [PMID: 34113143 PMCID: PMC8187005 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s304055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Much attention has been paid to the regulatory role of microRNA (miRNA) in insulin resistance. Nevertheless, how miR-140-5p regulates insulin resistance remains unclear. In this research, we aim to investigate the roles of miR-140-5p in insulin resistance. METHODS qRT-PCR is used to analyze the expression level of miR-140-5p in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. Glucose consumption and glucose uptake are detected to study the effect of miR-140-5p knockdown in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells and miR-140-5p overexpression in HepG2 cells. Bioinformatic analysis, luciferase reporter assay and confirmatory experiments are applied to identify the target gene bound with miR-140-5p and study the effect of miR-140-5p on the downstream substrates of target genes. Rescue experiments have verified the roles of miR-140-5p and target gene in glucose metabolism. RESULTS The expression level of miR-140-5p was upregulated in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells and was significantly correlated with cellular glucose metabolism. Functionally, miR-140-5p overexpression induced impairment of glucose consumption and glucose uptake. Besides, bioinformatics analysis indicated that glycogen synthetase (GYS1) and protein phosphatase 1 catalytic subunit gamma (PPP1CC) were the target genes of miR-140-5p. Western blotting and qRT-PCR results revealed a negative correlation between GYS1, PPP1CC and miR-140-5p. The glycogen detection results showed that miR140-5p inhibited the production of the downstream substrates of the target gene. Rescue experiments showed that inhibition of GYS1 or PPP1CC partially enhanced the insulin-resistant effects of miR-140-5p knockdown in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. CONCLUSION miR-140-5p overexpression augments the development of insulin resistance and miR-140-5p may be served as a therapeutic target of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xuemei Li; Shujun Zhao NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People’s Republic of China Email ;
| | - Yan Ye
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baoli Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shujun Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People’s Republic of China
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