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Eleazu CO, Obeten UN, Ozor G, Njemanze CC, Eleazu KC, Egedigwe-Ekeleme AC, Okorie UC, Ogunwa SC, Adeolu AI, Okoh PFN, Kalu AO, Onyia CJ, Onyia S, Ossai P, Chikezie CC, Odii BC, Obi V, Igwe VM, Amobi CA, Ugada OJ, Kalu WO, Kanu S. Tert-butylhydroquinone abrogates fructose-induced insulin resistance in rats via mitigation of oxidant stress, NFkB-mediated inflammation in the liver but not the skeletal muscle of high fructose drinking rats. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14473. [PMID: 36251589 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The effect of 21% fructose drinking water (FDW) (w/v) on some parameters of metabolic syndrome, hepatic, and skeletal muscular histology of rats was studied using standard techniques. Twenty male albino rats were divided into four groups of 5 rats each in this in vivo study. Group I received distilled water, group 2 received FDW, group 3 received FDW and metformin (300 mg/kg body weight daily, orally), group 4 received FDW and 1% tert-butylhydroquinone feed. FDW changed the serum leptin, triacylglycerol, very low-density lipoprotein, and C-reactive protein levels of the rats, inducing hypertriglyceridemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation in their liver (but not the skeletal muscle) and insulin resistance which were modulated with metformin and tBHQ as corroborated by liver and muscle histology. The study reveals the potentials of metformin and tBHQ in mitigating hepatic and skeletal muscular morphological changes arising from exposure to high fructose drinks. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: There has been an increase in the global consumption of fructose (either as a sweetner in beverages or soft and carbonated drinks) in the last few decades and this has been positively correlated with the global increase in metabolic complications. Regular intake of fructose contributes to the pathogenesis of lipid disorders, oxidant stress, and chronic inflammation, which are linked with the metabolic syndrome components (MetS) (obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular diseases) as well as increased morbidity and mortality. Given that the approaches that have been applied to treat the MetS have not been able to totally arrest it, currenty study which showed that tBHQ abrogated fructose-induced insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hepatic, and skeletal muscular pathology in the rats places tBHQ in the spotlight as a nutraceutical that could be of relevance in mitigating high dietary fructose-induced hepatic and skeletal muscular pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinedum O Eleazu
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Uket N Obeten
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Gerald Ozor
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Canice C Njemanze
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Kate C Eleazu
- Department of Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | | | - Uchechukwu C Okorie
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Shedrack C Ogunwa
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Adewale I Adeolu
- Department of Agriculture, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Petra-Favour N Okoh
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Abigail O Kalu
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | | | - Scholastica Onyia
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Precious Ossai
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Chioma C Chikezie
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Bright C Odii
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Valentine Obi
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Valeria M Igwe
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Chidiebere A Amobi
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Ogechukwu J Ugada
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Winner O Kalu
- Department of Biochemistry, Rhema University, Aba, Nigeria
| | - Shedrach Kanu
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
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Santiago CMO, de Oliveira DG, Rocha‐Gomes A, Oliveira G, Bernardes EDO, Dias PL, Reis ÍG, Severiano CM, da Silva AA, Lessa MR, Dessimoni Pinto NAV, Riul TR. Unripe banana flour (
Musa cavendishii
) promotes increased hypothalamic antioxidant activity, reduced caloric intake, and abdominal fat accumulation in rats on a high‐fat diet. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14341. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla M. O. Santiago
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da Nutrição Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental, LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Dalila G. de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental, LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Arthur Rocha‐Gomes
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental, LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Gabriel A. Oliveira
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental, LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Eduardo de Oliveira Bernardes
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental, LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Patrick L. Dias
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental, LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Ítalo G. Reis
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da Nutrição Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental, LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Cecília M. Severiano
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental, LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Alexandre A. da Silva
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental, LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da Saúde Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Mayara R. Lessa
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental, LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Nisia A. V. Dessimoni Pinto
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da Nutrição Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Tania R. Riul
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da Nutrição Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental, LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brazil
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Therapeutic Effects of Bee Bread on Obesity-Induced Testicular-Derived Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in High-Fat Diet Obese Rat Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020255. [PMID: 35204140 PMCID: PMC8868291 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a debilitating disorder with a variety of problems including oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. The aim of our study was to investigate the therapeutic role of bee bread on oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in the testis of obese rats. Thirty-two adult male Sprague Dawley rats, with weights between 230–300 g, were distributed into four groups (n = 8/group), namely normal control (C), obese (Ob), obese + BB or obese + OR [high-fat diet (HFD) for 6 weeks then HFD plus bee bread or orlistat for another 6 weeks] groups. Bee bread (0.5 g/kg) or orlistat (10 mg/kg/day) was diluted with distilled water and administered daily for 6 weeks by oral gavage. There were significant decreases in the activities of antioxidant enzymes [glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR)], glutathione (GSH)] and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels and mRNA expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2), superoxide dismutase (Sod), catalase (Cat) and glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) in the obese group relative to the control group. Meanwhile, the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory markers, namely: inducible nitric oxide synthase (Inos), nuclear factor kappa B (Nf-κβ), tumour necrotic factor α (Tnf-α) and interleukin 1β (Il-1β) were significantly increased while interleukin (Il-10) was decreased in the obese group relative to the control group. Further, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunoexpressions decreased while cleaved caspase-3 immunohistochemical staining increased significantly in the obese group, in addition to increases in the mRNA levels of p53, Bax, Caspases-8, 9 and 3, relative to the control group. Treatment with bee bread showed increases in antioxidant enzymes and PCNA immunoexpression, as well as decreases in inflammation and apoptosis markers in the testes. This study has shown that bee bread has therapeutic effects against oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis in the testis of HFD-induced obese male rats, thereby suggesting its role as a natural supplement capable of treating obesity-induced male reproductive impairment.
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Suleiman JB, Abu Bakar AB, Noor MM, Nna VU, Othman ZA, Zakaria Z, Eleazu CO, Mohamed M. Bee bread mitigates downregulation of steroidogenic genes, decreased spermatogenesis, and epididymal oxidative stress in male rats fed with high-fat diet. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 321:E351-E366. [PMID: 34229480 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00093.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The pituitary-gonadal axis plays an important role in steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis, and by extension, fertility. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective role of bee bread, a natural bee product, against obesity-induced decreases in steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis. Thirty-two adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 200 and 300 g were divided into four groups (n = 8/group), namely: normal control (NC), high-fat diet (HFD), HFD plus bee bread administered concurrently for 12 wk (HFD + B), HFD plus orlistat administered concurrently for 12 wk (HFD + O) groups. Bee bread (0.5 g/kg) or orlistat (10 mg/kg/day) was suspended in distilled water and given by oral gavage daily for 12 wk. Levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, and adiponectin, as well as sperm count, motility, viability, normal morphology, and epididymal antioxidants decreased, whereas levels of leptin, malondialdehyde, and sperm nDNA fragmentation increased significantly in the HFD group relative to the NC group. There were significant decreases in the testicular mRNA transcript levels of androgen receptor, luteinizing hormone receptor, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, cytochrome P450 enzyme, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) and 17β-HSD in the testes of the HFD group. Furthermore, mount, intromission and ejaculatory latencies increased, and penile cGMP level decreased significantly in the HFD group. Supplementation with bee bread significantly reduced leptin level and increased adiponectin level, enhanced sperm parameters and reduced sperm nDNA fragmentation, upregulated the levels of steroidogenic genes and proteins in HFD-induced obese male rats. Bee bread improved steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis by upregulating steroidogenic genes. Therefore, bee bread may be considered as a potential supplementation to protect against infertility in overweight men or men with obesity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The high-fat diet utilized in the present study induced obesity in the male rats. Bee bread supplementation mitigated impaired steroidogenesis, spermatogenesis, mating behavior, and fertility potential by counteracting the downregulation of steroidogenic genes, thus increasing testosterone levels and suppressing epididymal oxidative stress. These benefits may be due to the abundance of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in bee bread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Bagi Suleiman
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana, Afikpo, Nigeria
| | - Ainul Bahiyah Abu Bakar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Mahanem Mat Noor
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Victor Udo Nna
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Zaidatul Akmal Othman
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
- Unit of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Zaida Zakaria
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Chinedum Ogbonnaya Eleazu
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Mahaneem Mohamed
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
- Unit of Integrative Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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