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Zhang X, Jiang Y, Zeng J, Li X, Xie H, Yang R, Qi H, Zeng N. Phytochemistry, pharmacological properties and pharmacokinetics of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118503. [PMID: 38942157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP), known as Chen Pi in China, is the most commonly used medicine for regulating qi. As a traditional medicine, CRP has been extensively used in the clinical treatment of nausea, vomiting, cough and phlegm for thousands of years. It is mainly distributed in Guangdong, Sichuan, Fujian and Zhejiang in China. Due to its high frequency of use, many scholars have conducted a lot of research on it and the related chemical constituents it contains. In this review, the research progress on phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and toxicology of CRP are summarized. AIM OF THE REVIEW The review aims to sort out the methods of extraction and purification, pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics and toxicology of the chemical constituents in CRP, in order to elaborate the future research directions and challenges for the study of CRP and related chemical constituents. MATERIALS AND METHODS Valid and comprehensive relevant information was collected from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Web of Science, PubMed and so on. RESULTS CRP contains a variety of compounds, of which terpenes, flavonoids and alkaloids are the main components, and they are also the primary bioactive components that play a pharmacological role. Flavonoids and terpenes are extracted and purified by aqueous and alcoholic extraction methods, assisted by ultrasonic and microwave extraction, in order to achieve higher yields with less resources. Pharmacological studies have shown that CRP possesses a variety of highly active chemical components and a wide range of pharmacological activities, including anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, therapeutic for cardiovascular-related disorders, antioxidant, antibacterial, and neuroprotective effects. CONCLUSIONS There is a diversity in the chemical compositions of CRP, which have multiple biological activities and promising applications. However, the pharmacological activities of CRP are mainly dependent on the action of its chemical components, but the relationship between the structure of chemical components and the biological effects has not been thoroughly investigated, and therefore, the structure-activity relationship is an issue that needs to be elucidated urgently. In addition, the pharmacokinetic studies of the relevant components can be further deepened and the correlation studies between pharmacological effects and syndromes of TCM can be expanded to ensure the effectiveness and rationality of CRP for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Yanning Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Jiuseng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Hongxiao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Ruocong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Hu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Nan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
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Gupta M, Ahmad J, Ahamad J, Kundu S, Goel A, Mishra A. Flavonoids as promising anticancer therapeutics: Contemporary research, nanoantioxidant potential, and future scope. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5159-5192. [PMID: 37668281 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are natural polyphenolic compounds considered safe, pleiotropic, and readily available molecules. It is widely distributed in various food products such as fruits and vegetables and beverages such as green tea, wine, and coca-based products. Many studies have reported the anticancer potential of flavonoids against different types of cancers, including solid tumors. The chemopreventive effect of flavonoids is attributed to various mechanisms, including modulation of autophagy, induction of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and antioxidant defense. Despite of significant anticancer activity of flavonoids, their clinical translation is limited due to their poor biopharmaceutical attributes (such as low aqueous solubility, limited permeability across the biological membranes (intestinal and blood-brain barrier), and stability issue in biological systems). A nanoparticulate system is an approach that is widely utilized to improve the biopharmaceutical performance and therapeutic efficacy of phytopharmaceuticals. The present review discusses the significant anticancer potential of promising flavonoids in different cancers and the utilization of nanoparticulate systems to improve their nanoantioxidant activity further to enhance the anticancer activity of loaded promising flavonoids. Although, various plant-derived secondary metabolites including flavonoids have been recommended for treating cancer, further vigilant research is warranted to prove their translational values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukta Gupta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Javed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Ahamad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Snehashis Kundu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Archit Goel
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Awanish Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
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3
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Elzeiny N, Sayed Shafei AE, Wagih S, Saad M, Sayed D, Salem EY, Wael M, Ellackany R, Matboli M. Phytochemicals in cervical cancer: an epigenetic overview. Epigenomics 2023; 15:941-959. [PMID: 37916277 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common female malignancy worldwide and a complex disease that typically starts with HPV infection. Various genetic and epigenetic alterations are implicated in its development. The current cervical cancer therapies have unsatisfactory outcomes due to their serious adverse effects, necessitating the need for safe, effective preventive and therapeutic modalities. Phytochemicals have been addressed in cervical cancer prevention and treatment, and further understanding the epigenetics of cervical cancer pathogenesis is critical to investigate new preventive and therapeutic modalities. Addressing the epigenetic mechanisms of potential phytochemicals will provide an overview of their use individually or in combination. The primary aim of this review is to highlight the epigenetic effects of the phytochemicals addressed in cervical cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Elzeiny
- Departement of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Ayman El Sayed Shafei
- Biomedical Research Department, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology & Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherin Wagih
- Biomedical Research Department, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology & Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Saad
- Biomedical Research Department, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology & Information, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology & Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Sayed
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Esraa Y Salem
- Undergraduate Students, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology & Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Wael
- Undergraduate Students, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology & Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rawan Ellackany
- Undergraduate Students, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology & Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Matboli
- Departement of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
- Biomedical Research Department, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology & Information, Cairo, Egypt
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4
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Du WQ, Zhu ZM, Jiang X, Kang MJ, Pei DS. COPS6 promotes tumor progression and reduces CD8 + T cell infiltration by repressing IL-6 production to facilitate tumor immune evasion in breast cancer. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:1890-1905. [PMID: 37095198 PMCID: PMC10462724 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to poor T cell infiltration, tumors evade immune surveillance. Increased CD8+ T cell infiltration in breast cancer suggests a satisfactory response to immunotherapy. COPS6 has been identified as an oncogene, but its role in regulating antitumor immune responses has not been defined. In this study, we investigated the impact of COPS6 on tumor immune evasion in vivo. Tumor transplantation models were established in C57BL/6 J mice and BALB/c nude mice. Flow cytometry was conducted to identify the role of COPS6 on tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells. By analyzing the TCGA and GTEx cohort, we found that COPS6 expression was significantly up-regulated in a variety of cancers. In human osteosarcoma cell line U2OS and non-small cell lung cancer cell line H1299, we showed that p53 negatively regulated COPS6 promoter activity. In human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, COPS6 overexpression stimulated p-AKT expression as well as the proliferation and malignant transformation of tumor cells, whereas knockdown of COPS6 caused opposite effects. Knockdown of COPS6 also significantly suppressed the growth of mouse mammary cancer EMT6 xenografts in BALB/c nude mice. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that COPS6 was a mediator of IL-6 production in the tumor microenvironment and a negative regulator of CD8+ T cell tumor infiltration in breast cancer. In C57BL6 mice bearing EMT6 xenografts, COPS6 knockdown in the EMT6 cells increased the number of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells, while knockdown of IL-6 in COPS6KD EMT6 cells diminished tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells. We conclude that COPS6 promotes breast cancer progression by reducing CD8+ T cell infiltration and function via the regulation of IL-6 secretion. This study clarifies the role of p53/COPS6/IL-6/CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes signaling in breast cancer progression and immune evasion, opening a new path for development of COPS6-targeting therapies to enhance tumor immunogenicity and treat immunologically "cold" breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qi Du
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Zhi-Man Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Meng-Jie Kang
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Pei
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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5
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Rahmani AH, Babiker AY, Anwar S. Hesperidin, a Bioflavonoid in Cancer Therapy: A Review for a Mechanism of Action through the Modulation of Cell Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2023; 28:5152. [PMID: 37446814 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer represents one of the most frequent causes of death in the world. The current therapeutic options, including radiation therapy and chemotherapy, have various adverse effects on patients' health. In this vista, the bioactive ingredient of natural products plays a vital role in disease management via the inhibition and activation of biological processes such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell signaling molecules. Although natural products are not a substitute for medicine, they can be effective adjuvants or a type of supporting therapy. Hesperidin, a flavonoid commonly found in citrus fruits, with its potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties, and cardio-preventive factor for disease prevention, is well-known. Furthermore, its anticancer potential has been suggested to be a promising alternative in cancer treatment or management through the modulation of signal transduction pathways, which includes apoptosis, cell cycle, angiogenesis, ERK/MAPK, signal transducer, and the activator of transcription and other cell signaling molecules. Moreover, its role in the synergistic effects with anticancer drugs and other natural compounds has been described properly. The present article describes how hesperidin affects various cancers by modulating the various cell signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Yousif Babiker
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shehwaz Anwar
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia
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6
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Talib WH, Abuawad A, Thiab S, Alshweiat A, Mahmod AI. Flavonoid-based nanomedicines to target tumor microenvironment. OPENNANO 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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7
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Upadhyay TK, Trivedi R, Khan F, Al-Keridis LA, Pandey P, Sharangi AB, Alshammari N, Abdullah NM, Yadav DK, Saeed M. In vitro elucidation of antioxidant, antiproliferative, and apoptotic potential of yeast-derived β-1,3-glucan particles against cervical cancer cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:942075. [PMID: 36059639 PMCID: PMC9436396 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.942075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of mortality worldwide and in particular is the fourth most common cause of mortality in women every year. Conventional treatments for cancer are chemotherapy and radiation therapy, which have various kinds of side effects. Hence, there is a high need to develop alternative, efficient, and safer therapies for cancer treatment. β-Glucan, a novel polysaccharide isolated from baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, shows noteworthy cytotoxicity toward a variety of cancer cell lines in vitro. In this research, we characterized the β-glucan with high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis and found that d-glucose units with β-1,3 links are the major component of the extracted β-glucan particles. Fourier transform IR (FTIR) analysis confirmed a β-(1→3)-linked glucan structure. In vitro cell cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT with IC50 136 μg/ml, and therapeutic potential was assessed by various assays using values below and above the IC50. A significant reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation at 50–150 μg/ml of concentrations indicated the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. Along with ROS generation, these concentrations were also found to induce morphological changes such as fragmentation in DNA upon staining HeLa cells with DAPI. Mitochondrial membrane potential was significantly reduced after increasing the dose of treatment, assessed with the help of MitoTracker dye. Hence, by all these experimental supports, we observed that β-glucan has the potential to slow down the growth of cervical cancer cells, and it can be further investigated for unfolding its complete anticancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara, India
- *Correspondence: Mohd Saeed, ; Dharmendra Kumar Yadav, ; Tarun Kumar Upadhyay, ; Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis,
| | - Rashmi Trivedi
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara, India
| | - Fahad Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, India
| | - Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohd Saeed, ; Dharmendra Kumar Yadav, ; Tarun Kumar Upadhyay, ; Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis,
| | - Pratibha Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, India
| | - Amit Baran Sharangi
- Department of Plantation, Spices, Medicinal and Aromatic Crops, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (BCKV)-Agricultural University, Mohanpur, India
| | - Nawaf Alshammari
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadiya M. Abdullah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Mohd Saeed, ; Dharmendra Kumar Yadav, ; Tarun Kumar Upadhyay, ; Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis,
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohd Saeed, ; Dharmendra Kumar Yadav, ; Tarun Kumar Upadhyay, ; Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis,
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8
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Yao Y, Lin M, Liu Z, Liu M, Zhang S, Zhang Y. Hesperidin Inhibits Lung Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo Through PinX1. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:918665. [PMID: 35847001 PMCID: PMC9283948 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.918665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
New drugs or active leads with high efficiency and low toxicity are needed in the treatment of lung cancer. Natural products are an important source of anti-tumor drugs. At present, there are many molecular-targeted anti-tumor drugs derived from natural products or their derivatives for tumor treatment or in clinical trials. Hesperidin is a flavanone isolated from the Rutaceae plant lime Citrus aurantium L. or Citrus sinensis Osbeck. It has been considered to inhibit cancer cell viability in vitro. However, the effect of hesperidin on lung cancer and its underlying mechanism remain unclear. In this study, we found that the pinX1 expression level is closely related to overall survival and plays an important role in regulating lung cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and senescence. More importantly, hesperidin significantly increased pinX1 protein expression, and knockdown pinX1 by its specific siRNA blocked the protective effects of hesperidin. Moreover, we also assessed that hesperidin at 100 mg/kg is safe in vivo. These findings showed that hesperidin is a potential therapeutic candidate for preventing the progression of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Public Infrastructure, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingyue Lin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhujun Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengyang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shiheng Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Shiheng Zhang, ; Yukun Zhang,
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Shiheng Zhang, ; Yukun Zhang,
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Tang Y, Chen Q, Chen J, Mo Z, Li H, Peng L, Ke Y, Liang B, Li R, Zhu H. Green Tea Polyphenols Cause Apoptosis and Autophagy in HPV-16 Subgene-Immortalized Human Cervical Epithelial Cells via the Activation of the Nrf2 Pathway. Nutr Cancer 2022; 74:3769-3778. [PMID: 35770917 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2093922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is relatively common and certain high-risk HPV strains can induce epithelial dysplasia, increasing the risk of cervical cancer. Green tea polyphenol (GTP) preparations exhibit diverse anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antitumor properties In Vitro and In Vivo. Topical GTP application has been recommended as a treatment for genital warts, but the effect of GTP treatment on HPV infection and HPV-associated cancer remains to be established. The present study aimed to explore the mechanism by which GTP affected HPV type 16 (HPV-16)-positive immortalized human cervical epithelial cells. Survival, apoptosis, and autophagocytosis of these cells following GTP treatment was assessed using CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, and monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining. These cells were further transfected with an shRNA specific for Nrf2 to generate stable Nrf2-knockdown cells. The levels of Caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax, P53, Rb, HPV-16 E6, HPV-16 E7, P62, Beclin1 and LC3B were determined via Western blotting. These analyses revealed that GTP treatment induced autophagy and apoptosis in HPV-16-positive cells, while Nrf2 gene knockdown reversed GTP-induced autophagic and apoptotic effects. Together, these results suggested that GTP could alleviate HPV infection and HPV-associated precancerous lesions In Vitro by regulating the Nrf2 pathway, highlighting the therapeutic potential of GTP in treating HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tang
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Quan Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiaoquan Chen
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ziyin Mo
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Dermatology Department, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huaping Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liqian Peng
- Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanan Ke
- Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bihua Liang
- Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Runxiang Li
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huilan Zhu
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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10
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Pandey P, Khan F, Qari HA, Oves M. Rutin (Bioflavonoid) as Cell Signaling Pathway Modulator: Prospects in Treatment and Chemoprevention. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1069. [PMID: 34832851 PMCID: PMC8621917 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex ailment orchestrated by numerous intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Recent research has displayed a deep interest in developing plant-based cancer therapeutics for better management of the disease and limited side effects. A wide range of plant-derived compounds have been reported for their anticancer potential in the quest of finding an effective therapeutic approach. Rutin (vitamin P) is a low-molecular weight flavonoid glycoside (polyphenolic compound), abundantly present in various vegetables, fruits (especially berries and citrus fruits), and medicinal herbs. Numerous studies have delineated several pharmacological properties of rutin such as its antiprotozoal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antiviral, antiallergic, vasoactive, cytoprotective, antispasmodic, hypolipidemic, antihypertensive, and antiplatelet properties. Specifically, rutin-mediated anticancerous activities have been reported in several cancerous cell lines, but the most common scientific evidence, encompassing several molecular processes and interactions, including apoptosis pathway regulation, aberrant cell signaling pathways, and oncogenic genes, has not been thoroughly studied. In this direction, we attempted to project rutin-mediated oncogenic pathway regulation in various carcinomas. Additionally, we also incorporated advanced research that has uncovered the notable potential of rutin in the modulation of several key cellular functions via interaction with mRNAs, with major emphasis on elucidating direct miRNA targets of rutin as well as the process needed to transform these approaches for developing novel therapeutic interventions for the treatment of several cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, 19, Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida 201306, India;
| | - Fahad Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, 19, Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida 201306, India;
| | - Huda A. Qari
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Oves
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Pandey P, Khan F, Alzahrani FA, Qari HA, Oves M. A Novel Approach to Unraveling the Apoptotic Potential of Rutin (Bioflavonoid) via Targeting Jab1 in Cervical Cancer Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185529. [PMID: 34577000 PMCID: PMC8472561 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rutin has been well recognized for possessing numerous pharmacological and biological activities in several human cancer cells. This research has addressed the inhibitory potential of rutin against the Jab1 oncogene in SiHa cancer cells, which is known to inactivate various tumor suppressor proteins including p53 and p27. Further, the inhibitory efficacy of rutin via Jab1 expression modulation in cervical cancer has not been yet elucidated. Hence, we hypothesized that rutin could exhibit strong inhibitory efficacy against Jab1 and, thereby, induce significant growth arrest in SiHa cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. In our study, the cytotoxic efficacy of rutin on the proliferation of a cervical cancer cell line (SiHa) was exhibited using MTT and LDH assays. The correlation between rutin and Jab1 mRNA expression was assessed by RT-PCR analysis and the associated events (a mechanism) with this downregulation were then explored via performing ROS assay, DAPI analysis, and expression analysis of apoptosis-associated signaling molecules such as Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 and -9 using qRT-PCR analysis. Results exhibit that rutin produces anticancer effects via inducing modulation in the expression of oncogenes as well as tumor suppressor genes. Further apoptosis induction, caspase activation, and ROS generation in rutin-treated SiHa cancer cells explain the cascade of events associated with Jab1 downregulation in SiHa cancer cells. Additionally, apoptosis induction was further confirmed by the FITC-Annexin V/PI double staining method. Altogether, our research supports the feasibility of developing rutin as one of the potent drug candidates in cervical cancer management via targeting one such crucial oncogene associated with cervical cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida 201306, India; or
| | - Fahad Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida 201306, India; or
- Correspondence: or (F.K.); or (M.O.); Tel.: +91-8923580628 (F.K.); +966-650399857 (M.O.)
| | - Faisal Abdulrahman Alzahrani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Embryonic Stem Cells Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Huda A. Qari
- Department of biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Oves
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: or (F.K.); or (M.O.); Tel.: +91-8923580628 (F.K.); +966-650399857 (M.O.)
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