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Velázquez J, Rodríguez-Cornejo T, Rodríguez-Ramos T, Pérez-Rodríguez G, Rivera L, Campbell JH, Al-Hussinee L, Carpio Y, Estrada MP, Dixon B. New Evidence for the Role of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide as an Antimicrobial Peptide in Teleost Fish. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1484. [PMID: 37887185 PMCID: PMC10604671 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12101484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) is a multifunctional neuropeptide that is widely distributed and conserved across species. We have previously shown that in teleost fish, PACAP not only possesses direct antimicrobial properties but also immunomodulatory effects against the bacterial pathogens Flavobacterium psychrophilum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using in vitro and in vivo experiments. These previous results suggest PACAP can be used as an alternative to antibiotics to prevent and/or treat bacterial infections in the aquaculture industry. To accomplish this goal, more studies are needed to better understand the effect of PACAP on pathogens affecting fish in live infections. In the present study, the transcripts PACAP, PRP/PACAP, and VPAC2 receptor were examined in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) naturally infected with Yersinia ruckeri, which exhibited an increase in their expression in the spleen when compared to healthy fish. Synthetic Clarias gariepinus PACAP-38 has direct antimicrobial activity on Y. ruckeri and inhibits up to 60% of the bacterial growth when the peptide is at concentrations between 50 and 100 µM in TSB. The growth inhibition increased up to 90% in the presence of 12.5 µM of PACAP-38 when salt-free LB broth was used instead of TSB. It was also found to inhibit Y. ruckeri growth in a dose-dependent manner when the rainbow trout monocyte/macrophage-like cell line (RTS11) was pre-treated with lower concentrations of the peptide (0.02 and 0.1 µM) before going through infection. Differential gene expression was analyzed in this in vitro model. Overall, the results revealed new evidence to support the role of PACAP as an antimicrobial and immunomodulatory peptide treatment in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Velázquez
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), P.O. Box 6162, Havana 10600, Cuba; (J.V.); (G.P.-R.)
| | - Tania Rodríguez-Cornejo
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (T.R.-C.); (T.R.-R.); (L.R.); (J.H.C.); (L.A.-H.)
| | - Tania Rodríguez-Ramos
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (T.R.-C.); (T.R.-R.); (L.R.); (J.H.C.); (L.A.-H.)
| | - Geysi Pérez-Rodríguez
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), P.O. Box 6162, Havana 10600, Cuba; (J.V.); (G.P.-R.)
| | - Laura Rivera
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (T.R.-C.); (T.R.-R.); (L.R.); (J.H.C.); (L.A.-H.)
| | - James Hugh Campbell
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (T.R.-C.); (T.R.-R.); (L.R.); (J.H.C.); (L.A.-H.)
| | - Lowia Al-Hussinee
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (T.R.-C.); (T.R.-R.); (L.R.); (J.H.C.); (L.A.-H.)
| | - Yamila Carpio
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), P.O. Box 6162, Havana 10600, Cuba; (J.V.); (G.P.-R.)
| | - Mario Pablo Estrada
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), P.O. Box 6162, Havana 10600, Cuba; (J.V.); (G.P.-R.)
| | - Brian Dixon
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (T.R.-C.); (T.R.-R.); (L.R.); (J.H.C.); (L.A.-H.)
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Hegde A, Kabra S, Basawa RM, Khile DA, Abbu RUF, Thomas NA, Manickam NB, Raval R. Bacterial diseases in marine fish species: current trends and future prospects in disease management. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:317. [PMID: 37743401 PMCID: PMC10518295 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03755-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The fisheries sub-sector of aquaculture-i.e., the pisciculture industry, contributes significantly to a country's economy, employing a sizable proportion of the population. It also makes important contributions to household food security because the current demand for animal protein cannot be fulfilled by harvesting wild fish from riverines, lakes, dams, and oceans. For good pond management techniques and sustaining fish health, the fisherfolk, and the industry require well-established regulatory structures, efficient disease management strategies, and other extended services. In rearing marine fish, infections resulting from disease outbreaks are a weighty concern because they can cause considerable economic loss due to morbidity and mortality. Consequently, to find effective solutions for the prevention and control of the major diseases limiting fish production in aquaculture, multidisciplinary studies on the traits of potential fish pathogens, the biology of the fish as hosts, and an adequate understanding of the global environmental factors are fundamental. This review highlights the various bacterial diseases and their causative pathogens prevalent in the pisciculture industry and the current solutions while emphasising marine fish species. Given that preexisting methods are known to have several disadvantages, other sustainable alternatives like antimicrobial peptides, synthetic peptides, probiotics, and medicinal treatments have emerged to be an enormous potential solution to these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avani Hegde
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Suhani Kabra
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Renuka Manjunath Basawa
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Dnyanada Anil Khile
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Rahil Ummar Faruk Abbu
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Naomi Ann Thomas
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Nava Bharati Manickam
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Ritu Raval
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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Bhat RAH, Thakuria D, Tandel RS, Khangembam VC, Dash P, Tripathi G, Sarma D. Tools and techniques for rational designing of antimicrobial peptides for aquaculture. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:1033-1050. [PMID: 35872334 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fisheries and aquaculture industries remain essential sources of food and nutrition for millions of people worldwide. Indiscriminate use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and posed a severe threat to public health. Researchers have opined that antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) can be the best possible alternative to curb the rising tide of antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture. AMPs may also help to achieve the objectives of one health approach. The natural AMPs are associated with several shortcomings, like less in vivo stability, toxicity to host cell, high cost of production and low potency in a biological system. In this review, we have provided a comprehensive outline about the strategies for designing synthetic mimics of natural AMPs with high potency. Moreover, the freely available AMP databases and the information about the molecular docking tools are enlisted. We also provided in silico template for rationally designing the AMPs from fish piscidins or other peptides. The rationally designed piscidin (rP1 and rp2) may be used to tackle microbial infections in aquaculture. Further, the protocol can be used to develop the truncated mimics of natural AMPs having more potency and protease stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dimpal Thakuria
- ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, 263136, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - Victoria C Khangembam
- ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, 263136, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Pragyan Dash
- ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, 263136, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Gayatri Tripathi
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, 400061, Maharashtra, India
| | - Debajit Sarma
- ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, 263136, Uttarakhand, India
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Assane IM, Santos-Filho NA, de Sousa EL, de Arruda Brasil MCO, Cilli EM, Pilarski F. Cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of synthetic peptides alone or in combination with conventional antimicrobials against fish pathogenic bacteria. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:1762-1774. [PMID: 33742508 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity and efficacy of synthetic host defence peptides (HDPs), alone or in combination with florfenicol (FFC), oxytetracycline (OTC) or thiamphenicol (TAP), against different pathogenic bacteria isolated from diseased fish. METHODS AND RESULTS Solid-phase synthesis, purification and characterization of several HDPs were performed manually, using the fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl protecting group in different resins and via high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. The in vitro cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of HDPs, FFC, OTC and TAP against Nile tilapia red blood cells (RBCs) and relevant fish pathogenic bacteria (Aeromonas, Citrobacter, Edwardsiella, Streptococcus, Lactococcus and Vibrio) was determined using the haemolysis assay and broth microdilution method, respectively. The checkerboard assay was used to evaluate the synergy between the most active HDPs and other antimicrobials against the tested strains. MUC 7 12-mer, FFC, OTC and TAP were not cytotoxic to Nile tilapia RBCs, in all tested concentrations. LL-37, (p-BthTX-I)2 and Hylin-a1 were not cytotoxic at concentrations up to 78·13, 19·53 and 9·77 μg ml-1 , respectively. HDPs demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration ≤31·25 µg ml-1 ) against Aeromonas jandaei (KR-12-a5), Citrobacter freundii (Kr-12-a5; (p-BthTX-I)2 ; LL-37; and Hylin a1), Streptococcus agalactiae (Hylin a1; (p-BthTX-I)2 and LL-37), Lactococcus garviae (Hylin a1), and Vibrio fluvialis (KR-12-a5). The combinations of (p-BthTX-I)2 with TAP and LL-37 with FFC showed synergistic activity against C. freundii (fractional inhibitory concentration index of 0·25 and 0·50, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Synthetic HDPs have the potential as a good treatment option for bacterial diseases in aquaculture. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The in vivo effectiveness of synthetic HDPs such as KR-12-a5; LL-37; (p-BthTX-I)2 and Hylin a1 can be tested alone or in combination with conventional antimicrobials as a treatment option to reduce the use of antimicrobials in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Assane
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Aquatic Organisms, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Aquaculture Center of Unesp (Caunesp), São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Zambeze (UniZambeze), Tete, Mozambique
| | - N A Santos-Filho
- Department of Biochemistry and Technological Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Registro Experimental Campus, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E L de Sousa
- Graduate Program in Agricultural and Livestock Microbiology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M C O de Arruda Brasil
- Department of Biochemistry and Technological Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E M Cilli
- Department of Biochemistry and Technological Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F Pilarski
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Aquatic Organisms, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Aquaculture Center of Unesp (Caunesp), São Paulo, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Agricultural and Livestock Microbiology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo, Brazil
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Hussain Bhat RA, Thakuria D, Pant V, Khangembam VC, Tandel RS, Shahi N, Sarma D, Tripathi G, Krishnani KK, Krishna G. Antibacterial and antioomycete activities of a novel designed RY12WY peptide against fish pathogens. Microb Pathog 2020; 149:104591. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Muñoz-Atienza E, Aquilino C, Syahputra K, Al-Jubury A, Araújo C, Skov J, Kania PW, Hernández PE, Buchmann K, Cintas LM, Tafalla C. CK11, a Teleost Chemokine with a Potent Antimicrobial Activity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:857-870. [PMID: 30610164 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
CK11 is a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) CC chemokine phylogenetically related to both mammalian CCL27 and CCL28 chemokines, strongly transcribed in skin and gills in homeostasis, for which an immune role had not been reported to date. In the current study, we have demonstrated that CK11 is not chemotactic for unstimulated leukocyte populations from central immune organs or mucosal tissues but instead exerts a potent antimicrobial activity against a wide range of rainbow trout pathogens. Our results show that CK11 strongly inhibits the growth of different rainbow trout Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, namely Lactococcus garvieae, Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, and Yersinia ruckeri and a parasitic ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Similarly to mammalian chemokines and antimicrobial peptides, CK11 exerted its antimicrobial activity, rapidly inducing membrane permeability in the target pathogens. Further transcriptional studies confirmed the regulation of CK11 transcription in response to exposure to some of these pathogens in specific conditions. Altogether, our studies related to phylogenetic relations, tissue distribution, and biological activity point to CK11 as a potential common ancestor of mammalian CCL27 and CCL28. To our knowledge, this study constitutes the first report of a fish chemokine with antimicrobial activity, thus establishing a novel role for teleost chemokines in antimicrobial immunity that supports an evolutionary relationship between chemokines and antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Muñoz-Atienza
- Animal Health Research Centre, National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research, Valdeolmos 28130, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Aquilino
- Animal Health Research Centre, National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research, Valdeolmos 28130, Madrid, Spain
| | - Khairul Syahputra
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C., Denmark; and
| | - Azmi Al-Jubury
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C., Denmark; and
| | - Carlos Araújo
- Grupo de Seguridad y Calidad de los Alimentos por Bacterias Lácticas, Bacteriocinas y Probióticos, Sección Departamental de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos (Nutrición, Bromatología, Higiene y Seguridad Alimentaria), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jakob Skov
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C., Denmark; and
| | - Per W Kania
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C., Denmark; and
| | - Pablo E Hernández
- Grupo de Seguridad y Calidad de los Alimentos por Bacterias Lácticas, Bacteriocinas y Probióticos, Sección Departamental de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos (Nutrición, Bromatología, Higiene y Seguridad Alimentaria), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Kurt Buchmann
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C., Denmark; and
| | - Luis M Cintas
- Grupo de Seguridad y Calidad de los Alimentos por Bacterias Lácticas, Bacteriocinas y Probióticos, Sección Departamental de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos (Nutrición, Bromatología, Higiene y Seguridad Alimentaria), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Tafalla
- Animal Health Research Centre, National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research, Valdeolmos 28130, Madrid, Spain;
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Dissection of the antimicrobial and hemolytic activity of Cap18: Generation of Cap18 derivatives with enhanced specificity. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197742. [PMID: 29852015 PMCID: PMC5978884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the rapid emergence of resistance to classical antibiotics, novel antimicrobial compounds are needed. It is desirable to selectively kill pathogenic bacteria without targeting other beneficial bacteria in order to prevent the negative clinical consequences caused by many broad-spectrum antibiotics as well as reducing the development of antibiotic resistance. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent an alternative to classical antibiotics and it has been previously demonstrated that Cap18 has high antimicrobial activity against a broad range of bacterial species. In this study we report the design of a positional scanning library consisting of 696 Cap18 derivatives and the subsequent screening for antimicrobial activity against Y. ruckeri, A. salmonicida, S. Typhimurium and L. lactis as well as for hemolytic activity measuring the hemoglobin release of horse erythrocytes. We show that the hydrophobic face of Cap18, in particular I13, L17 and I24, is essential for its antimicrobial activity against S. Typhimurium, Y. ruckeri, A. salmonicida, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, L. lactis, L. monocytogenes and E. faecalis. In particular, Cap18 derivatives harboring a I13D, L17D, L17P, I24D or I24N substitution lost their antimicrobial activity against any of the tested bacterial strains. In addition, we were able to generate species-specific Cap18 derivatives by particular amino acid substitutions either in the hydrophobic face at positions L6, L17, I20, and I27, or in the hydrophilic face at positions K16 and K18. Finally, our data showed the proline residue at position 29 to be essential for the inherent low hemolytic activity of Cap18 and that substitution of the residues K16, K23, or G21 by any hydrophobic residues enhances the hemolytic activity. This study demonstrates the potential of generating species-specific AMPs for the selective elimination of bacterial pathogens.
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