1
|
Li L, Zhao J, Shao Y, Ma J, Lu T, Xu L. MK-0608 inhibits in vitro and in vivo RNA replication of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 151:109732. [PMID: 38944252 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) is an important pathogen that is threatening the worldwide salmon and trout industry. But there is no therapeutic drug available for now. In this study, we demonstrate that MK-0608 is highly efficient against IPNV and low cytotoxic, with a 50 % effective concentration (EC50) of 0.20 μM and selectivity index (SI) of about 268. Time of addition assay illustrated that MK-0608 targeted the early stage of IPNV life cycle. Furthermore, we found that MK-0608 blocked IPNV attachment on the premise of sufficient pre-incubation time but MK-0608 did not influence viral internalization and release. MK-0608 could inhibit IPNV genome synthesis, and combination with ribavirin enhanced the inhibition effect, which might be functional via binding to IPNV RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), which was predicted by using molecular docking methods. In vivo test showed that IPNV was extremely suppressed in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with one single dose of MK-0608, and the higher dosage of 50 mg/kg could cause 3 log decrease of IPNV loads in fish tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linfang Li
- University of Shanghai Ocean University, College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai, China; Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, China
| | - Jingzhuang Zhao
- Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Yizhi Shao
- Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, USA
| | - Tongyan Lu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China.
| | - Liming Xu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Duan K, Tang X, Zhao J, Ren G, Shao Y, Lu T, He B, Xu L. An inactivated vaccine against infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:48-55. [PMID: 35697270 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), belonging to the genus Aquabirnavirus within the family Birnaviridae, causes huge economic loss to the global salmonid industry every year. Recently, outbreaks of disease caused by genogroup I IPNV were found in many rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farms worldwide. An inactivated vaccine was prepared using a genogroup I IPNV isolate with an optimized procedure as incubation with β-propanolactone (BPL) at the final concentration of 0.5% at room temperature for 48 h. The inactivated vaccine was used to immunize rainbow trout, and the protection efficiency was evaluated by viral loads determination, immune-related genes quantification, and neutralizing antibody tests. The viral loads in immunized rainbow trout were significantly decreased and the strongest antiviral effect was observed on 30 days post-immunization (d.p.i). The expression of innate immune-related genes IFN-1, and Mx-1 genes were significantly up-regulated on 3, 7, and 15 d.p.i (p < 0.05), and adaptive immune-related genes CD4, CD8, and IgM genes were significantly up-regulated on 15 and 30 d.p.i (p < 0.05). Neutralizing antibodies were firstly detected on 30 d.p.i and the highest titer was observed on 45 d.p.i, which began to decrease on 60 d.p.i, but was still significantly higher than that in negative control fish. The results indicated that the vaccine prepared in this study could stimulate the non-specific and specific immune response and provide significant immune protection to the vaccinated rainbow trout.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyue Duan
- Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150070, China
| | - Xin Tang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150070, China
| | - Jingzhuang Zhao
- Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150070, China
| | - Guangming Ren
- Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150070, China
| | - Yizhi Shao
- Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150070, China
| | - Tongyan Lu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150070, China
| | - Baoquan He
- Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150070, China
| | - Liming Xu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tapia D, Kuznar J, Farlora R, Yáñez JM. Differential Transcriptomic Response of Rainbow Trout to Infection with Two Strains of IPNV. Viruses 2021; 14:v14010021. [PMID: 35062225 PMCID: PMC8780770 DOI: 10.3390/v14010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The IPN virus (IPNV) causes a highly contagious disease that affects farmed salmonids. IPNV isolates have been phylogenetically classified into seven genogroups, of which two are present in Chile, genogroups 1 and 5. This study aimed to compare the transcriptomic response of rainbow trout fry challenged with two Chilean isolates of IPNV, RTTX (genogroup 1), and ALKA (genogroup 5). Tissue samples from challenged individuals and controls were taken at 1, 7, and 20 days post-challenge and analyzed by RNA-Seq. The results revealed that infection with RTTX elicited a greater modulation of the trout transcriptome compared to ALKA infection, generating a greater number of highly differentially expressed genes in relation to the control fish. Gene Ontology enrichment indicated that functions related to the inflammatory and immune responses were modulated in fish challenged with both isolates throughout the trial, but with different regulation patterns. On day 1 post challenge, these functions were activated in those challenged with ALKA, but suppressed in RTTX-challenged fish. These results suggest that rainbow trout exhibit a differential transcriptomic response to infection with the two genetically distinct IPNV isolates, especially at early times post-infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Tapia
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820000, Chile;
- Doctorado en Acuicultura, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Universidad Católica del Norte, Universidad de Chile, Valparaiso 2340000, Chile
| | - Juan Kuznar
- Laboratorio de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Química y Bioquímica, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso 2340000, Chile;
| | - Rodolfo Farlora
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Acuática y Genómica Reproductiva, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso 2340000, Chile;
- Centro de Investigación y Gestión de Recursos Naturales (CIGREN), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso 2340000, Chile
| | - José M. Yáñez
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820000, Chile;
- Center for Research and Innovation in Aquaculture (CRIA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820000, Chile
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Evaluation of the Antiviral Activity against Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus (IPNV) of a Copper (I) Homoleptic Complex with a Coumarin as Ligand. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010032. [PMID: 35011264 PMCID: PMC8746282 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aquatic infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) causes a severe disease in farmed salmonid fish that generates great economic losses in the aquaculture industry. In the search for new tools to control the disease, in this paper we show the results obtained from the evaluation of the antiviral effect of [Cu(NN1)2](ClO4) Cu(I) complex, synthesized in our laboratory, where the NN1 ligand is a synthetic derivate of the natural compound coumarin. This complex demonstrated antiviral activity against IPNV at 5.0 and 15.0 µg/mL causing a decrease viral load 99.0% and 99.5%, respectively. The Molecular Docking studies carried out showed that the copper complex would interact with the VP2 protein, specifically in the S domain, altering the process of entry of the virus into the host cell.
Collapse
|
5
|
Duan K, Zhao J, Ren G, Shao Y, Lu T, Xu L, Tang X, Zhao W, Xu L. Molecular Evolution of Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus in China. Viruses 2021; 13:v13030488. [PMID: 33809489 PMCID: PMC7998647 DOI: 10.3390/v13030488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Passive virus surveillance was performed in twenty-nine salmon and trout farms from seven provinces and districts in China during the period 2017–2020. A total of 25 infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) isolates were obtained, mainly from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The molecular evolution of these Chinese IPNV isolates and the previously reported Chinese IPNV strains ChRtm213 and WZ2016 was analyzed, based on their VP2 gene coding region sequences (CDS). All 27 Chinese IPNV isolates clustered within genogroups I and V, with 24 of the IPNV isolates belonging to genogroup I (including ChRtm213 and WZ2016), and only three isolates clustering in genogroup V. The Chinese genogroup I IPNV isolates lacked diversity, composing six haplotypes with 41 polymorphic sites, and the identity of nucleotide and amino acid sequences among the entire VP2 gene CDS from these isolates was 97.44%–100% and 98.19%–100%, respectively. Divergence time analyses revealed that the Chinese genogroup I IPNV isolates likely diverged from Japanese IPNV isolates in 1985 (95% highest posterior density (HPD), 1965–1997), and diverged again in 2006 (95% HPD, 1996–2013) in China. Each of the three Chinese genogroup V IPNV isolates has a unique VP2 gene CDS, with a total of 21 polymorphic sites; the identity of nucleotide and amino acid sequences among all VP2 gene CDS from these isolates was 98.5%–99.5% and 98.6%–99.0%, respectively. The data demonstrate that genogroups I and V are more likely the currently prevalent Chinese IPNV genotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyue Duan
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; (K.D.); (J.Z.); (G.R.); (Y.S.); (T.L.); (X.T.); (W.Z.)
| | - Jingzhuang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; (K.D.); (J.Z.); (G.R.); (Y.S.); (T.L.); (X.T.); (W.Z.)
| | - Guangming Ren
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; (K.D.); (J.Z.); (G.R.); (Y.S.); (T.L.); (X.T.); (W.Z.)
| | - Yizhi Shao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; (K.D.); (J.Z.); (G.R.); (Y.S.); (T.L.); (X.T.); (W.Z.)
| | - Tongyan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; (K.D.); (J.Z.); (G.R.); (Y.S.); (T.L.); (X.T.); (W.Z.)
| | - Lipu Xu
- Fish Disease Department of Beijing Fisheries Technical Extension Station, Beijing 100176, China;
| | - Xin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; (K.D.); (J.Z.); (G.R.); (Y.S.); (T.L.); (X.T.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wenwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; (K.D.); (J.Z.); (G.R.); (Y.S.); (T.L.); (X.T.); (W.Z.)
| | - Liming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Control, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; (K.D.); (J.Z.); (G.R.); (Y.S.); (T.L.); (X.T.); (W.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510380, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0451-87930965
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Maj-Paluch J, Matras M, Borzym E, Stachnik M, Reichert M. Phylogenetic characterization of Polish isolates of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in salmonid fish. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2020; 43:1443-1451. [PMID: 32851666 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus belongs to the genus Aquabirnavirus and family Birnaviridae. By VP2 gene similarity, aquatic birnavirus is clustered into seven genogroups. The aim of this study was to genetically analyse IPN viruses occurring on Polish fish farms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples from freshwater fish mostly from 2012 to 2013 and from northern Poland were examined for the presence of IPN virus using isolation on cell cultures, real-time RT-PCR and RT-PCR. Fragments of 1,377 and 1,079 bp of the VP2 and VP5 genes, respectively, were sequenced, and the results were assembled into one consensus and analysed by Geneious software. The same VP2 gene region was compared and a phylogenetic tree generated by the neighbour-joining method and MEGA6 software. RESULTS All tested Polish isolates belonged to genogroup 5, like other European Spajurup isolates. CONCLUSION Our findings prove that there is only one IPN virus genogroup in Poland. Polish isolates show close relationships with each other. There is a close relationship between Polish isolates and isolates from Turkey, Spain and Iran. Isolate 57 is a separate branch related to isolates from the United States and Taiwan. This points to the likelihood of past virus introduction via import of stock from those countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Maj-Paluch
- Department of Fish Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Marek Matras
- Department of Fish Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Ewa Borzym
- Department of Fish Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Magdalena Stachnik
- Department of Fish Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Michal Reichert
- Department of Fish Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Eriksson-Kallio AM, Holopainen R, Koski P, Nousiainen A, Koskinen H, Kause A, Gadd T. Susceptibility of rainbow trout to three different genogroups of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2020; 141:103-116. [PMID: 32969343 DOI: 10.3354/dao03512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is a globally distributed viral disease that is highly prevalent in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss farms in Finland. Seven genogroups (1-7) of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) exist, of which genogroup 5 (serotype Sp) is generally considered to be the most virulent in European salmonid farming. In Finland, 3 genogroups (2, 5 and 6) have been detected. Genogroup 2 is the most widespread and to date is the only genogroup associated with clinical disease in field observations. A bath challenge model infection trial was conducted to investigate the potential pathogenicity of the existing Finnish IPNV genogroups on IPNV-negative rainbow trout fry. Three Finnish IPNV isolates, a positive control (a Norwegian genogroup 5 isolate previously associated with high virulence in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar) and a negative control were used, and mortality was recorded daily for 8 wk. The Finnish IPNV genogroup 5 isolate caused the highest cumulative mortality, and the genogroup 2 isolate also caused elevated mortalities. The genogroup 6 isolate caused only low mortality, and the positive control treatment showed negligible mortality. Fish exposed to the Finnish genogroup 2 and 5 isolates had IPN-associated lesions, while no lesions were noted in the other treatment groups. These results indicate that Finnish IPNV genogroup 5 is potentially the most virulent IPNV genogroup for Finnish rainbow trout. Interestingly, the Norwegian IPNV genogroup 5 isolate caused only a subclinical IPN infection, providing further evidence for a host species-dependent, virus isolate-related difference in virulence in IPNV genogroup 5. The results also support the continuation of legislative disease control of IPNV genogroup 5 in Finnish inland waters.
Collapse
|