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Chen C, Liang CS, Wang T, Shen JL, Ling F, Jiang HF, Li PF, Wang GX. Antiviral, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of rhein against white spot syndrome virus infection in red swamp crayfish ( Procambarus clarkii). Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0104723. [PMID: 37855526 PMCID: PMC10714825 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01047-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Aquaculture is essential for ensuring global food security by providing a significant source of animal protein. However, the spread of the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) has resulted in considerable economic losses in crustacean industries. In this study, we evaluated the antiviral activity of rhein, the primary bioactive component of Rheum palmatum L., against WSSV infection, and many pathological aspects of WSSV were also described for the first time. Our mechanistic studies indicated that rhein effectively arrested the replication of WSSV in crayfish by modulating innate immunity to inhibit viral gene transcription. Furthermore, we observed that rhein attenuated WSSV-induced oxidative and inflammatory stresses by regulating the expression of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory-related genes while enhancing innate immunity by reducing total protein levels and increasing phosphatase activity. Our findings suggest that rhein holds great promise as a potent antiviral agent for the prevention and treatment of WSSV in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chang-Shuai Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing-Lei Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fei Ling
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hai-Feng Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng-Fei Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Gao-Xue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Romo Quiñonez CR, Alvarez-Ruiz P, Mejía-Ruiz CH, Bogdanchikova N, Pestryakov A, Gamez-Jimenez C, Valenzuela-Quiñonez W, Montoya-Mejía M, Nava Pérez E. Chronic toxicity of shrimp feed added with silver nanoparticles (Argovit-4®) in Litopenaeus vannamei and immune response to white spot syndrome virus infection. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14231. [PMID: 36438583 PMCID: PMC9695493 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as antibacterial compounds has been widely used in human and veterinary medicine. In this work, we investigated the effects of AgNPs (Argovit-4®) as feed additives (feed-AgNPs) on shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) using three different methods: 1) chronic toxicity after 28 days of feeding, 2) Effects against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenged by oral route, and 3) transcriptional responses of immune-related genes (PAP, ProPO, CTL-3, Crustin, PEN3, and PEN4) following WSSV infection. The results showed that the feed-AgNPs did not interfere with the growth and survival of shrimp. Also, mild lesions in the hepatopancreas were recorded, proportional to the frequency of the feed-AgNP supply. Challenge test versus WSSV showed that feeding every 7 days with feed-AgNPs reduced mortality, reaching a survival rate of 53%, compared to the survival rates observed in groups fed every 4 days, daily and control groups of feed-AgNPs for the 30%, 10%, and 7% groups, respectively. Feed-AgNPs negatively regulated the expression of PAP, ProPO, and Crustin genes after 28 days of treatment and altered the transcriptional responses of PAP, ProPO, CTL-3, and Crustin after WSSV exposure. The results showed that weekly feeding-AgNPs could partially prevent WSSV infection in shrimp culture. However, whether or not transcriptional responses against pathogens are advantageous remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos R. Romo Quiñonez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de Organismos Marinos, Centro de investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
| | - Píndaro Alvarez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Acuacultura, Instituto Politécnico Nacional CIIDIR-Sinaloa, Guasave, Sinaloa, México
| | - Claudio H. Mejía-Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de Organismos Marinos, Centro de investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
| | - Nina Bogdanchikova
- Fisicoquímica de nanomateriales, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Baja California, México
| | - Alexey Pestryakov
- Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Carina Gamez-Jimenez
- Departamento de Acuacultura, Instituto Politécnico Nacional CIIDIR-Sinaloa, Guasave, Sinaloa, México
| | | | - Magnolia Montoya-Mejía
- Departamento de Acuacultura, Instituto Politécnico Nacional CIIDIR-Sinaloa, Guasave, Sinaloa, México
| | - Eusebio Nava Pérez
- Departamento de Acuacultura, Instituto Politécnico Nacional CIIDIR-Sinaloa, Guasave, Sinaloa, México
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Review of Medicinal Plants and Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients against Aquatic Pathogenic Viruses. Viruses 2022; 14:v14061281. [PMID: 35746752 PMCID: PMC9230652 DOI: 10.3390/v14061281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture offers a promising source of economic and healthy protein for human consumption, which can improve wellbeing. Viral diseases are the most serious type of diseases affecting aquatic animals and a major obstacle to the development of the aquaculture industry. In the background of antibiotic-free farming, the development and application of antibiotic alternatives has become one of the most important issues in aquaculture. In recent years, many medicinal plants and their active pharmaceutical ingredients have been found to be effective in the treatment and prevention of viral diseases in aquatic animals. Compared with chemical drugs and antibiotics, medicinal plants have fewer side-effects, produce little drug resistance, and exhibit low toxicity to the water environment. Most medicinal plants can effectively improve the growth performance of aquatic animals; thus, they are becoming increasingly valued and widely used in aquaculture. The present review summarizes the promising antiviral activities of medicinal plants and their active pharmaceutical ingredients against aquatic viruses. Furthermore, it also explains their possible mechanisms of action and possible implications in the prevention or treatment of viral diseases in aquaculture. This article could lay the foundation for the future development of harmless drugs for the prevention and control of viral disease outbreaks in aquaculture.
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