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Kim HJ, Youn HY, Kang HJ, Moon JS, Jang YS, Song KY, Seo KH. Prevalence and Virulence Characteristics of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium in Bovine Mastitis Milk Compared to Bovine Normal Raw Milk in South Korea. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12111407. [PMID: 35681873 PMCID: PMC9179290 DOI: 10.3390/ani12111407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus spp. are pathogens that cause environmental mastitis and are difficult to eliminate owing to their resistance to antibiotics. To compare the virulence characteristics of isolates from bovine mastitis milk (BMM) and bovine normal raw milk (NRM), we isolated Enterococcus spp. from 39 dairy farms in South Korea from 2015−2020. A total of 122 Enterococcus spp. were identified, with Enterococcus faecalis (73.8%) accounting for the majority, followed by Enterococcus faecium (26.2%). E. faecalis isolated from BMM harbored gelE, asa1, esp, and cylA genes with a prevalence of 85.7, 71.4, 54.3, and 30.0%, respectively. These genes were significantly more abundant in BMM than in NRM, except for asa1 (p < 0.0001). Interestingly, strong biofilm and gelatinase formation was predominately observed for BMM isolates and this was significantly correlated to the presence of esp and gelE genes (p < 0.05). BMM isolates demonstrated higher resistance to tetracycline (59.3%), followed by chloramphenicol (21.0%), rifampicin (18.5%), doxycycline (4.9%), ciprofloxacin (1.2%), and nitrofurantoin (1.2%), than those from NRM. E. faecalis harboring esp, gelE, and cylA may be causative agents for bovine mastitis and act as a reservoir for the transmission of virulence factors to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Jin Kim
- Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.-J.K.); (H.-Y.Y.); (Y.-S.J.); (K.-Y.S.)
| | - Hye-Young Youn
- Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.-J.K.); (H.-Y.Y.); (Y.-S.J.); (K.-Y.S.)
| | - Hye-Jeong Kang
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeonsangbuk-do, Korea; (H.-J.K.); (J.-S.M.)
| | - Jin-San Moon
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeonsangbuk-do, Korea; (H.-J.K.); (J.-S.M.)
| | - Yong-Seok Jang
- Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.-J.K.); (H.-Y.Y.); (Y.-S.J.); (K.-Y.S.)
| | - Kwang-Young Song
- Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.-J.K.); (H.-Y.Y.); (Y.-S.J.); (K.-Y.S.)
| | - Kun-Ho Seo
- Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.-J.K.); (H.-Y.Y.); (Y.-S.J.); (K.-Y.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-450-4121; Fax: +82-2-3436-4128
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Youn HY, Seo KH. Isolation and characterization of halophilic Kocuria
salsicia strains from cheese brine. Food Sci Anim Resour 2022; 42:252-265. [PMID: 35310564 PMCID: PMC8907793 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2022.e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Kocuria salsicia can survive in extreme environments and cause
infections, including catheter-related bacteremia, in humans. Here, we
investigated and evaluated the characteristics of nine K.
salsicia strains (KS1–KS9) isolated from cheese brine from a
farmstead cheese-manufacturing plant in Korea from June to December, 2020.
Staphylococcus aureus American Type Culture Collection
(ATCC) 29213 was used as a positive control in the growth curve analysis and
biofilm-formation assays. All K. salsicia isolates showed
growth at 15% salt concentration and temperatures of 15°C,
25°C, 30°C, 37°C, and 42°C. KS6 and KS8 showed
growth at 5°C, suggesting that they are potential psychrotrophs. In the
biofilm-formation analysis via crystal violet staining, KS6 exhibited the
highest biofilm-forming ability at various temperatures and media [phosphate
buffered saline, nutrient broth (NB), and NB containing 15% sodium
chloride]. At 25°C and 30°C, KS3, KS6, and KS8 showed higher
biofilm-forming ability than S. aureus ATCC 29213. The
antimicrobial resistance of the isolates was evaluated using the
VITEK® 2 system; most isolates were resistant to
marbofloxacin and nitrofurantoin (both 9/9, 100%), followed by
enrofloxacin (7/9, 77.8%). Five of the nine isolates (5/9, 55.6%)
showed multidrug resistance. Our study reports the abilities of K.
salsicia to grow in the presence of high salt concentrations and at
relatively low temperatures, along with its multidrug resistance and tendency to
form biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Young Youn
- Center for One Health, College of
Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Konkuk
University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Kun-Ho Seo
- Center for One Health, College of
Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Konkuk
University, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Corresponding author: Kun-Ho
Seo, Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of
Veterinary Public Health, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea, Tel:
+82-2-450-4121, Fax: +82-2-3436-4128, E-mail:
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Bastião Rocha PA, Monteiro Marques JM, Barreto AS, Semedo-Lemsaddek T. Enterococcus spp. from Azeitão and Nisa PDO-cheeses: Surveillance for antimicrobial drug resistance. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Palmeri M, Mancuso I, Gaglio R, Arcuri L, Barreca S, Barbaccia P, Scatassa ML. Identification and evaluation of antimicrobial resistance of enterococci isolated from raw ewes' and cows' milk collected in western Sicily: a preliminary investigation. Ital J Food Saf 2021; 9:8406. [PMID: 33532367 PMCID: PMC7844583 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2020.8406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work was carried out to investigate the Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) of enterococci isolated from raw ewes’ and cows’ milk. The samples were collected from eighteen semi-extensive dairy sheep and cow farms throughout western Sicily. Plate counts, carried out on Rapid Enterococcus Agar commonly used to detect food enterococci, revealed a maximal enterococcal concentration of approximately 4.58 Log Colony Forming Unit (CFU)/mL. Colonies were isolated and differentiated based on genetic analysis by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR. Thirty-eight different strains were identified. Analysis by a species-specific multiplex PCR assay grouped the strains into three Enterococcus species such as Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. The 38 strains were also investigated for their antimicrobial resistance by a phenotypic approach. All 38 Enterococcus displayed resistance to at least one or more of the antimicrobials tested confirmed that the dairy enterococci could be a vector for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance. This work showed that enterococci with AMR traits are commonly present in semiextensive dairy sheep and cow farms of western Sicily pointed out the relevance of informing dairy makers and veterinary regarding the antimicrobial use in order to mitigate problems of public health and veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Palmeri
- Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sicily A. Mirri, Palermo
| | - Isabella Mancuso
- Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sicily A. Mirri, Palermo
| | - Raimondo Gaglio
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Santino Barreca
- Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sicily A. Mirri, Palermo
| | - Pietro Barbaccia
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Kim SH, Kim DH, Lim HW, Seo KH. High prevalence of non-faecalis and non-faecium Enterococcus spp. in farmstead cheesehouse and their applicability as hygiene indicators. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kim DH, Chon JW, Kim H, Seo KH. Development of a novel selective medium for the isolation and enumeration of acetic acid bacteria from various foods. Food Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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