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Li Y, Sun S, Wen C, Zhong J, Jiang Q. Effect of Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF on human calvarial osteoblast apoptosis. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:279. [PMID: 35804353 PMCID: PMC9264677 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02295-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enterococcus faecalis is a dominant pathogen in the root canals of teeth with persistent apical periodontitis (PAP), and osteoblast apoptosis contributes to imbalanced bone remodelling in PAP. Here, we investigated the effect of E. faecalis OG1RF on apoptosis in primary human calvarial osteoblasts. Specifically, the expression of apoptosis-related genes and the role of anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic members of the BCL-2 family were examined. Methods Primary human calvarial osteoblasts were incubated with E. faecalis OG1RF at multiplicities of infection corresponding to infection time points. Flow cytometry, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assay, caspase-3/-8/-9 activity assay, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array, and quantitative real-time PCR were used to assess osteoblast apoptosis. Results E. faecalis infection increased the number of early- and late-phase apoptotic cells and TUNEL-positive cells, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and activated the caspase-3/-8/-9 pathway. Moreover, of all 84 apoptosis-related genes in the PCR array, the expression of 16 genes was upregulated and that of four genes was downregulated in the infected osteoblasts. Notably, the mRNA expression of anti-apoptotic BCL2 was downregulated, whereas that of the pro-apoptotic BCL2L11, HRK, BIK, BMF, NOXA, and BECN1 and anti-apoptotic BCL2A1 was upregulated. Conclusions E. faecalis OG1RF infection triggered apoptosis in human calvarial osteoblasts, and BCL-2 family members acted as regulators of osteoblast apoptosis. Therefore, BCL-2 family members may act as potential therapeutic targets for persistent apical periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Shuyu Sun
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Wen
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Jialin Zhong
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Qianzhou Jiang
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China.
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Moura MF, Silva TA, Cota LOM, Oliveira SR, Cunha FQ, Ferreira GA, Cortelli JR, Cortelli SC, Costa FO. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy decreases the severity of rheumatoid arthritis and the plasmatic and salivary levels of RANKL and Survivin: a short-term clinical study. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:6643-6652. [PMID: 33954850 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03950-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the influence of nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) on clinical periodontal status, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) activity, and plasmatic and salivary levels of biomarkers through a controlled clinical trial on individuals with RA and periodontitis (PE). METHODS Sixty-six individuals from a convenience sample were considered eligible and consecutively allocated in 3 groups: (1) individuals without PE and RA (-PE-RA, n = 19); (2) individuals without PE and with RA (-PE+RA, n = 23), and (3) individuals with PE and RA (+PE+RA, n = 24). Full-mouth periodontal clinical examinations, Disease Activity Score (DAS-28) evaluations, and analysis in plasma and saliva of RANKL, OPG, RANKL/OPG, and Survivin were performed at baseline (T1) and 45 days after NSPT (T2). RESULTS NSPT in the +PE+RA group was very effective to improve periodontal condition. At T2, significant reductions in DAS-28 were observed in +PE+RA (p = 0.011). Significantly higher levels of Survivin and RANKL were observed in saliva and plasma from RA individuals (with and without PE) compared to controls. Additionally, Survivin e RANKL demonstrated positive correlations with DAS-28 and an expressively significant reduction in +PE+RA at T2 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS NSPT was effective on improving both the periodontal and the RA clinical status and reducing the concentration of Survivin and RANKL in saliva and plasma. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Nonsurgical periodontal treatment was effective on reducing the concentration of Survivin and RANKL and on improving both the periodontal and the RA clinical status of affected individuals. TRIAL REGISTRATION Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC) protocol #RBR-8g2bc8 ( http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-8g2bc8/ ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Faria Moura
- Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology, and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tarcília Aparecida Silva
- Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology, and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luís Otávio Miranda Cota
- Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology, and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sicilia Rezende Oliveira
- Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology, and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Gilda Aparecida Ferreira
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Cortelli
- Departament of Dentistry, Periodontics Research Division, University of Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sheila Cavalca Cortelli
- Departament of Dentistry, Periodontics Research Division, University of Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Oliveira Costa
- Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology, and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. .,Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Pampulha, PO Box 359, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Zip Code 31270-901, Brazil.
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