1
|
Akpinar Söylemez B, Akyol MA, Küçükgüçlü Ö, Özkaya Sağlam B, Gül B, İlçi N N, Işik AT. The impact of scenario-based aging simulation experience on empathy, attitudes toward and willingness to work with older adults in health sciences senior year students: A randomized controlled trial. Nurse Educ Pract 2024; 79:104066. [PMID: 39047458 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2024.104066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study was conducted to investigate the impacts of scenario-based aging simulation experience (SBASE) on students' empathy, attitudes toward and willingness to work with older adults. BACKGROUND Innovative teaching strategies such as SBASE have the potential to provide students with the essential skills required for working with older adults. DESIGN This study has a randomized controlled trial. METHODS This study was conducted in west of Turkiye with 120 health sciences senior year students (45 nursing students, 54 medicine students and 21 physical therapy and rehabilitation students) in 2022-2023. The students were randomly assigned to intervention or control group (IG-CG). The IG received SBASE. Pre- and post-tests (after intervention, 1 and 3 months later) were conducted. Data were collected using the descriptive characteristics form, Kogan's attitudes toward old people scale, basic empathy scale and willingness to work with elderly people scale. RESULTS The IG participants recorded statistically better scores regarding positive attitudes towards older adults, in terms of the group x time interaction (t: 2.521, p: 0.036). However, there was no significant difference in the variables investigated between the groups. CONCLUSIONS SBASE appeared to be effective in improving health sciences students' positive attitudes towards older adults. Health care providers should have a more positive attitude toward older adults to improve levels of care. DATA AVAILABILITY Data and supplementary material related to this article can be obtained from the corresponding author upon request.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Akpinar Söylemez
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Merve Aliye Akyol
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Özlem Küçükgüçlü
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Bilgehan Özkaya Sağlam
- Internal Medicine Nursing Doctoral Programme, Dokuz Eylul University Institute of Health Sciences, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Baran Gül
- Internal Medicine Nursing Doctoral Programme, Dokuz Eylul University Institute of Health Sciences, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Nursen İlçi N
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Geriatric Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Turan Işik
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Patel S, Akinlotan MA, Nimmons K, Burch D. The impact of an aging simulation program for dental students in two community dental clinics. J Dent Educ 2024. [PMID: 38982563 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Clinicians who have not experienced the difficulties that come with aging or disability may be unable to relate to the limitations and experiences of afflicted patients, which is necessary to improve patient-provider connection and treatment outcomes. The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of an aging-simulation experience on improving dental students' awareness of aging-related limitations, examine the students' perceptions, and assess planned patient-care modifications based on the aging-simulation experience. METHODS A total of 78 dental students who rotated through two extramural clinic sites from August 2021 through October 2022 completed pre-simulation surveys, donned aging simulators in the dental operatory, initiated pre-defined tasks and their corresponding modifications, completed a post-simulation survey, and completed a reflection questionnaire containing structured and open-ended questions. Quantitative responses were analyzed using descriptive frequencies and paired sample t-tests, whereas thematic analyses were used to interpret free-text portion of the reflection questionnaire. RESULTS Student awareness of the impact of the four aging-related disabilities improved after the experience. Visual impairment was identified as the most difficult symptom to experience during simulation. Students reported increased feelings of empathy and acknowledged the effectiveness of clinical practice modifications to accommodate elderly patients with limitations. Students also expressed intentions to make similar modifications in their future clinical practice and the need for exposure to longer periods of simulated experiences to further clinical practice modifications for elderly patients. CONCLUSION The aging-simulation experience is an effective tool for raising dental students' awareness of aging-related difficulties, the need for clinical practice modifications, and increasing empathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simmi Patel
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Marvellous A Akinlotan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Katy Nimmons
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Dan Burch
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fu JX, Huang LL, Li XH, Zhao H, Li R. Association between ageing knowledge and willingness to care for older adults among nursing students in China: the mediating role of attitude towards older adults. GERONTOLOGY & GERIATRICS EDUCATION 2024; 45:444-457. [PMID: 37356028 DOI: 10.1080/02701960.2023.2227874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the mediating effect of attitude toward older adults on the relationship between aging knowledge and willingness to care for older adults. We applied the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the knowledge-attitude-behavior (KAB) model as theoretical frameworks to examine the mediation effect of attitude toward older adults. Data from 388 Chinese nursing students were analyzed. The Willingness to Care for Older People (WCOP) scale, Kogan's Attitude toward Older People scale (KAOP) and Facts on Aging Quiz (FAQ) were utilized to assess willingness, attitude and aging knowledge, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22. 0 with the PROCESS macro. Bootstrap methods were used to obtain the significance of mediating effects. The study showed that aging knowledge was significantly associated with willingness to care for older adults and that attitude toward older adults mediated the association. Bootstrapping method confirmed the significance of the indirect effect of aging knowledge through attitude, accounting for 18.9% of the total willingness variance. Overall, based on the TPB and the KAB theoretical framework, our data support the notion that improving aging knowledge and attitude may contribute to improve the willingness to aged care among nursing students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Xia Fu
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Lida University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling-Ling Huang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Lida University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan-Hua Li
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Lida University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Zhao
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Lida University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Li
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Lida University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cheng Y, Sun S, Hu Y, Wang J, Chen W, Miao Y, Wang H. Effects of different geriatric nursing teaching methods on nursing students' knowledge and attitude: Systematic review and network meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300618. [PMID: 38820259 PMCID: PMC11142439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different teaching methods of geriatric nursing on the mastery of geriatric knowledge among nursing students and their attitude toward the elderly. METHODS Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies on teaching methods to improve nursing students' knowledge and attitude were systematically retrieved in electronic databases. The time scale of retrieval spans from the database establishment to January 2024, and the database consists of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), China Biological literature database (CBM), Wanfang Database and VIP Database. Network meta-analysis was performed by Stata 16.0 software. RESULTS Thirty-nine studies involving 5310 nursing students met our inclusion criteria, and a total of 6 teaching methods were analyzed. According to the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) ranking, problem-based learning (PBL) was most effective in enhancing the knowledge mastery of geriatric nursing, while simulation-based learning (SBL) demonstrated the best application effect in improving nursing students' attitude toward the elderly. When considering both knowledge acquisition and attitude improvement simultaneously, service learning combined with traditional teaching method (SL+TTM) was found to exhibit the most optimal effectiveness. CONCLUSION Educators in geriatric nursing education should prioritize the adoption of PBL, SBL and SL + TTM to enhance nursing students' knowledge and attitude. PROTOCOL REGISTRY PROSPERO (CRD42023442001).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifen Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shuqin Sun
- School of Nursing, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Hu
- School of Nursing, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wenzhen Chen
- School of Nursing, Chuxiong Medical College, Chuxiong, Yunnan, China
| | - Yukuan Miao
- School of Nursing, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Nursing, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Akpınar Söylemez B, Özgül E, Akyol MA, Küçükgüçlü Ö. Effectiveness of the aged simulation suit on undergraduate nursing students' attitudes and empathy toward older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nurse Educ Pract 2024; 77:103990. [PMID: 38733958 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2024.103990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to investigate the efficacy of the aged simulation suit on undergraduate nursing students' attitudes and empathy toward older adults. BACKGROUND A new approach to teaching to enhance nursing students' attitudes toward and empathy for older adults involves the use of an aging simulation suit. DESIGN This systematic review and meta-analysis seeks to determine the efficacy of the aged simulation suit on the attitudes and empathy of undergraduate nursing students toward older adults. This protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis was registered as CRD 42023393879 on the PROSPERO database. METHODS In February-March 2023, a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled and quasi-experimental studies was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Population, Intervention, Control, Outcomes, Study Design (PICOS) structure was used for search strategy. Databases CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, as well as ULAKBIM, Turkish Medline, Turkiye Klinikleri, and YOK National Thesis Center, were searched for the articles. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools were used to evaluate the methodological quality of a study and the extent to which its design, conduct, and analysis addressed the possibility of bias. RESULTS The meta-analyses of attitudes toward older adults included six studies (including 535 nursing students). The intervention group's attitudes toward older adults were found to be similar to those of the control group (SMD: 15.84, Z= 1.98, p= 0.05). The subgroup analyses revealed similarities between intervention group's and the control group's mean score on attitudes toward older adults (SMD: 4.85, Z=0.70, p=0.48, for RCT; SMD: 23.05, Z= 2.02, p=0.04, for quasi-experimental). Three studies (involving 207 nursing students) revealed significantly higher mean empathy score for the control group compared with the intervention group following the intervention (SMD: 7.08, Z=4.82, p=0.00001). The subgroup analyses revealed statistically significantly higher mean level of empathy for the control group compared with the intervention group was after the intervention (SMD: 7.49, Z=3.15, p=0.002, for RCT; SMD: 6.83, Z= 3.65, p=0.0003, for quasi-experimental). CONCLUSIONS Nursing students should be aware of older adults' feelings and experiences aging-related changes and aged simulation interventions can be a useful intervention to allow students to empathize with an older adult.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Akpınar Söylemez
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Ecem Özgül
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izmir University of Economics, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Merve Aliye Akyol
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Özlem Küçükgüçlü
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bouwmeester Stjernetun B, Gillsjö C, Odzakovic E, Hallgren J. "It´s like walking in a bubble", nursing students´ perspectives on age suit simulation in a home environment - group interviews from reflection seminars. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:124. [PMID: 38365670 PMCID: PMC10870535 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01792-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older persons with age-related and complex health problems will increasingly depend on care provision from nurses in their own homes. However, a barrier to quality care is ageism and nursing students´ disinterest in geriatrics. In addition, nurse education often falls short in preparing students for the complexity of geriatric care. Welfare technology (WT) is progressively implemented in home care to help older persons live at home despite their health problems. However, this process is intricate and requires acceptance and digital literacy among caregivers and older persons. Despite these challenges, nurse education can address and change negative attitudes through innovative teaching methods such as age suit simulation. Therefore, the study aims to describe nursing students´ experiences of age suit simulation in a home-like environment with WT and technical aids, and will reveal their perspective on ageing and providing care to older adults. METHODS A qualitative explorative design using semi-structured group interviews (n=39) among nursing students. Data was analysed through reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS The analysis generated three main themes; "It's like walking in a bubble", "An eye opener" and "Concerns about ageing and the current structure of geriatric care". The main themes included eight subthemes. Adapting to the sensory and physical limitations of the age suit was an immersive experience and caused feelings of frustration, loneliness and disconnection. A prominent result was a raised awareness of cognitive loss, especially impaired vision, and students felt the simulations had made them aware of the everyday challenges older persons faced. Students highlighted the importance of patience and giving enough time in care situations by being present and having a critical perspective of WT. The students were mostly negative towards their own ageing and could better relate to older persons´ vulnerability. CONCLUSIONS Age suit simulation was described as an embodied and eye-opening experience, raising nursing students´ awareness of older persons´ functional limitations and the consequences for dignity and independence. Coping with cognitive loss was especially difficult. Students were motivated to apply their new knowledge to clinical practice. Age suit simulation can complement geriatric education, preparing students for the complex care needs of older persons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Björn Bouwmeester Stjernetun
- School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Box 408, SE-541 28, Skövde, Sweden.
- School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden.
| | - Catharina Gillsjö
- School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Box 408, SE-541 28, Skövde, Sweden
- College of Nursing, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Elzana Odzakovic
- School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Jenny Hallgren
- School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Box 408, SE-541 28, Skövde, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tweedie J. Nursing Education as a Key Strategy to Combat Ageism: Preparing Nurses to Proactively Dismantle Their Own Ageist Views as Well as Ageist Practices Within Health Care Settings. Nurs Educ Perspect 2023; 44:316-317. [PMID: 37594429 DOI: 10.1097/01.nep.0000000000001178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The prevalence of ageism in health care prevents nurses from providing the best care to older adults. Nursing education can prepare nurses to proactively dismantle their own ageist views as well as ageist practices within health care settings. Active learning strategies, such as role-play and case studies, can be used to teach nurses how to become anti-ageism advocates and improve the quality of health care for older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanine Tweedie
- About the Author Jeanine Tweedie, PhD, RN, CNE, now retired, was a faculty member at Hawaii Pacific University and Western Governors University. Contact her at
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fradelos EC, Artemi S, Tsalogidou A, Almpani E, Malli F, Lavdaniti M, Papathanasiou IV, Tzavella F. Attitudes toward older people among nursing students in Greece. Nurs Forum 2022; 57:1153-1161. [PMID: 36308416 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The age profile of the population has shifted globally. Age discrimination has been documented, particularly in the areas of health and employment. AIM This study aims at examining nursing students' attitudes toward older people and dehumanization of older people among nursing students. METHODS A cross-sectional design was employed in this study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data, which included a sociodemographic variables questionnaire, the Kogan's Attitude towards Old People Scale (KAOP) scale, a modified version of the Human Nature & Human Uniqueness Scale, the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) and the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire. A total of 410 undergraduate nursing students participated in this study. Descriptive statistics were applied while inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation, and regression analysis with the stepwise method were also performed. The significant level was set as p ≤ .05. SPSS-25 was used for the analysis of data. RESULTS The total mean score of the KAOP scale was 128.84 ± 14.32, indicating that nursing students had a slightly positive view of older individuals. Nursing students scored higher on the mechanistic dehumanization scale than on the animalistic dehumanization one. A strong negative association was found between Mechanistic and Animalistic dehumanization with the KAOP scale and empathy. Year of study, age, and gender were identified as predictor variables for mechanical dehumanization. CONCLUSION Personality traits, demographic variables, and nursing students' level of empathy are factors that influence their views about older people and the dehumanization of older people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Areti Tsalogidou
- Department of Nursing, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Almpani
- Department of Nursing, University of Patra, Patra, Greece
| | - Foteini Malli
- Department of Nursing, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Lavdaniti
- Department of Nursing, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Foteini Tzavella
- Department of Nursing, University of Peloponnese, Tripoli, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kruse JA, El-Khoury H. A poverty simulation to enhance nursing student knowledge, skills, and attitudes toward people living in poverty. Nurs Forum 2022; 57:851-859. [PMID: 35641886 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poverty is a reality for many individuals and families. Unless one has lived in a poverty situation, it can be difficult to understand the challenges people face. METHODS This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pre- and post-test design (36 select-items from four-established instruments) that measured students' self-perceived knowledge, skills, and attitudes towards people living in poverty. All undergraduate, pre-licensure, senior-level nursing students enrolled in a community nursing course (fall 2018-fall 2019, n = 254) participated in a face-to-face interactive Community Action Poverty Simulation (CAPS) with a focus on the QSEN concept of patient-centered care. The winter 2020 semester, the simulation was not offered because of the coronavirus pandemic; these students (n = 96) served as a comparison group. RESULTS Paired-samples t-tests revealed knowledge, skill, and attitude mean scores, were improved for all students with the exception of social justice attitudes (improved only for the non-simulation group). Independent-samples t-tests revealed simulation students had higher knowledge, skill, and attitude scores on the Adapted CAPS Assessment and Active Learning Measure. Non-simulation participants had higher Political Awareness scores. CONCLUSION These results indicated the CAPS appears to be an effective simulation to change students' self-perceived knowledge, skills, and attitudes regarding people whose incomes are low or who are living in poverty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Kruse
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Heather El-Khoury
- Department of Sociology, Anthropology, Social Work and Criminal Justice, Oakland University, Mt Clemens, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|