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Zhang H, Xia Y, Wang G, Xiong Z, Wei G, Liao Z, Qian Y, Cai Z, Ai L. Lactobacillus plantarum AR495 improves colonic transport hyperactivity in irritable bowel syndrome through tryptophan metabolism. Food Funct 2024. [PMID: 38899520 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01087f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Lactobacillus plantarum AR495 is a widely used probiotic for the treatment of various digestive diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, the specific mechanisms of L. plantarum AR495 in alleviating IBS remain unclear. Abnormal intestinal tryptophan metabolism can cause disordered immune responses, gastrointestinal peristalsis, digestion and sensation, which is closely related to IBS pathogenesis. The aim of this study is to explore the effects and mechanisms of L. plantarum AR495 in regulating tryptophan metabolism. Primarily, tryptophan and its related metabolites in patients with IBS and healthy people were analyzed, and an IBS rat model of acetic acid enema plus restraint stress was established to explore the alleviation pathway of L. plantarum AR495 in tryptophan metabolism. It was found that the 5-HT pathway was significantly changed, and the 5-HTP and 5-HT metabolites were significantly increased in the feces of patients with IBS, which were consistent with the results obtained for the IBS rat model. Maladjusted 5-HT could increase intestinal peristalsis and lead to an increase in the fecal water content and shapeless stool in rats. On the contrary, these two metabolites could be restored to normal levels via intragastric administration of L. plantarum AR495. Further study of the metabolic pathway showed that L. plantarum AR495 could effectively reduce the abundance of 5-HT by inhibiting the expression of enterochromaffin cells rather than promoting its decomposition. In addition, the results showed that L. plantarum AR495 did not affect the expression of SERT. To sum up, L. plantarum AR495 could restore the normal levels of 5-HT by inhibiting the abnormal proliferation of enterochromaffin cells and the excessive activation of TPH1 to inhibit the intestinal peristalsis in IBS. These findings provide insights for the use of probiotics in the treatment of IBS and other diarrheal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
- Business school, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yongjun Xia
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Guangqiang Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Xiong
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Guoliang Wei
- Business school, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Zhuan Liao
- Department of Gastroenterol, Digestive Endoscopy Center, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yangyan Qian
- Department of Gastroenterol, Digestive Endoscopy Center, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental & Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative region of China, China
| | - Lianzhong Ai
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
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Yao WR, Yu L, Li D, Yang GB. Molecular cloning and characterization of DNGR-1 in rhesus macaques. Mol Immunol 2017; 87:217-226. [PMID: 28511091 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
DC, NK lectin group receptor-1 (DNGR-1), also known as C-type lectin domain family 9 member A (CLEC9A), is a promising target for immunological therapeutics and vaccination against tumors and viruses. However, little is known about its property in rhesus macaques. In this study, we cloned rhesus macaque DNGR-1 cDNA, and found that its coding region could encode a 241-amino acid polypeptide with 91.7% sequence identity and similar antigenicity to that of humans. Both free and cell surface rhesus macaque DNGR-1 expressed in vitro could bind to apoptotic/dead cells induced by serum deprivation or freeze-thaw, and to pyroptotic cells stimulated with PMA and LPS. We also demonstrated that rhesus macaque DNGR-1 mRNA was present in all the examined tissues, with the highest in lymph nodes, spleen, blood, and thymus. The expression of DNGR-1 that is highly similar to that of humans warranted the usefulness of rhesus macaques in testing human therapeutics and vaccines targeting DNGR-1, especially those for HIV/AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Rong Yao
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Lei Yu
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Dong Li
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Gui-Bo Yang
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China.
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Wang Y, Yang GB. Alteration of Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor and Neonatal Fc Receptor Expression in the Gut Mucosa of Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Rhesus Macaques. Scand J Immunol 2016; 83:235-43. [PMID: 26860548 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric immunoglobulin receptors (pIgR) and neonatal Fc receptors (FcRn) are crucial immunoglobulin (Ig) receptors for the transcytosis of immunoglobulins, that is IgA, IgM and IgG, the levels of which in mucosal secretions were altered in both HIV- and SIV-infected individuals. To gain an insight into the changes of pIgR and FcRn expression after immunodeficiency virus (SHIV/SIV) infection, real-time RT-PCR methods were established and the mRNA levels of pIgR and FcRn in normal and SHIV/SIV-infected rhesus macaques were quantitatively examined. It was found that the levels of pIgR mRNA were within a range of 10(7) copies per million copies of GAPDH mRNA in the gut mucosa of rhesus macaques, which were up to 55 times higher than that in the oral mucosa, the highest among the non-gut tissues examined. Levels of FcRn mRNA were generally lower than that of pIgR, and the levels of FcRn mRNA in the gut mucosa were also lower than that in most non-gut tissues examined. Notably, the levels of pIgR mRNA in the duodenal mucosa were positively correlated with that of IL-17A in normal rhesus macaques. Both pIgR and FcRn mRNA levels were significantly reduced in the duodenal mucosa during acute SHIV infection and in the jejunum and caecum during chronic SHIV/SIV infection. These data expanded our knowledge on the expression of pIgR and FcRn in the gastrointestinal tract of rhesus macaques and demonstrated altered expression of pIgR and FcRn in SHIV/SIV, and by extension HIV infections, which might have contributed to HIV/AIDS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dalian, China
| | - G B Yang
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Zhang WJ, Wang Y, Yu K, Duan JZ, Yao WR, Wang Y, Yang RG, Yang GB. Associated changes in the transcription levels of IL-17A and tight junction-associated genes in the duodenal mucosa of rhesus macaques repeatedly exposed to simian/human immunodeficiency virus. Exp Mol Pathol 2014; 97:225-33. [PMID: 25034324 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucosal barrier dysfunction might play a key role in HIV/AIDS, yet the early effects of HIV-1 on intestinal mucosal barrier, especially tight junctions (TJ) have not been well addressed. AIMS To investigate the effects of acute HIV-1 infection on the expression of intestinal IL-17A and TJ-associated genes using an NHP-AIDS model. METHODS TaqMan probe real-time RT-PCR methods were established and claudin-1, claudin-3, occludin and zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1) mRNA levels in the duodenal biopsies of rhesus macaques collected before and after rectal exposures to SHIV-SF162P4 were examined and compared with that of IL-17A, IL-6, TGF-β, RORγt, T-bet, Foxp-3 and GATA-3. RESULTS The mRNA levels of TJ-associated genes were statistically significantly reduced soon after viral exposures and the mRNA levels of claudin-1, occludin and ZO-1 in viral positive tissues (from Group I) were lower than that in viral negative tissues (from Group II) after viral exposure. IL-17A mRNA levels were also decreased and positively correlated with the mRNA levels of the TJ-associated genes after viral exposure or infection, although the levels of IL-6, TGF-β and RORγt mRNA showed no statistical difference. The levels of GATA-3 mRNA in tissues collected before viral exposure were statistically different between Group I and Group II animals. The balance between T-bet and GATA-3 mRNA levels in Group II was markedly altered and statistically significantly different from that in Group I. CONCLUSIONS Acute SHIV, and by extension HIV infection could affect the expression of TJ-associated genes, probably through IL-17A and other immune alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Zhang
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, China-CDC, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, China-CDC, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Kai Yu
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, China-CDC, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Jia-Zhong Duan
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, China-CDC, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Wen-Rong Yao
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, China-CDC, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Rong-Ge Yang
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Gui-Bo Yang
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, China-CDC, Beijing 102206, PR China.
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