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Yuan J, Tao Y, Wang M, Huang F, Wu X. Natural compounds as potential therapeutic candidates for multiple sclerosis: Emerging preclinical evidence. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155248. [PMID: 38096716 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis is a chronic neurodegenerative disease, with main characteristics of pathological inflammation, neural damage and axonal demyelination. Current mainstream treatments demonstrate more or less side effects, which limit their extensive use. PURPOSE Increasing studies indicate that natural compounds benefit multiple sclerosis without remarkable side effects. Given the needs to explore the potential effects of natural compounds of plant origin on multiple sclerosis and their mechanisms, we review publications involving the role of natural compounds in animal models of multiple sclerosis, excluding controlled trials. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Articles were conducted on PubMed and Web of Science databases using the keywords ``multiple sclerosis'' and ``natural compounds'' published from January 1, 2008, to September 1, 2023. RESULTS This review summarized the effects of natural ingredients (flavonoids, terpenoids, polyphenols, alkaloids, glycosides, and others) from three aspects: immune regulation, oxidative stress suppression, and myelin protection and regeneration in multiple sclerosis. CONCLUSION Overall, we concluded 80 studies to show the preclinical evidence that natural compounds may attenuate multiple sclerosis progression via suppressing immune attacks and/or promoting myelin protection or endogenous repair processes. It would pave the roads for the future development of effective therapeutic regiments of multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yanlin Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mengxue Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Guan D, Li Y, Cui Y, Zhao H, Dong N, Wang K, Ren D, Song T, Wang X, Jin S, Gao Y, Wang M. 5-HMF attenuates inflammation and demyelination in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice by inhibiting the MIF-CD74 interaction. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1222-1233. [PMID: 37431183 PMCID: PMC10448060 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuroprotective role of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (5-HMF) has been demonstrated in a variety of neurological diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of 5-HMF on multiple sclerosis (MS). IFN-γ-stimulated murine microglia (BV2 cells) are considered a cell model of MS. With 5-HMF treatment, microglial M1/2 polarization and cytokine levels are detected. The interaction of 5-HMF with migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is predicted using online databases. The experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model is established, followed by a 5-HMF injection. The results show that 5-HMF facilitates IFN-γ-stimulated microglial M2 polarization and attenuates the inflammatory response. According to the network pharmacology and molecular docking results, 5-HMF has a binding site for MIF. Further results show that blocking MIF activity or silencing CD74 enhances microglial M2 polarization, reduces inflammatory activity, and prevents ERK1/2 phosphorylation. 5-HMF inhibits the MIF-CD74 interaction by binding to MIF, thereby inhibiting microglial M1 polarization and enhancing the anti-inflammatory response. 5-HMF ameliorates EAE, inflammation, and demyelination in vivo. In conclusion, our research indicates that 5-HMF promotes microglial M2 polarization by inhibiting the MIF-CD74 interaction, thereby attenuating inflammation and demyelination in EAE mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Guan
- Department of Neurologythe Second Clinical Medical CollegeHenan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou450002China
| | - Yingxia Li
- The College of Basic MedicineHenan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou450046China
| | - Yinglin Cui
- Department of Neurologythe Second Clinical Medical CollegeHenan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou450002China
| | - Huanghong Zhao
- Department of Neurologythe Second Clinical Medical CollegeHenan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou450002China
| | - Ning Dong
- Department of Neurologythe Second Clinical Medical CollegeHenan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou450002China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Pharmacythe Second Clinical Medical CollegeHenan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou450002China
| | - Deqi Ren
- Department of Neurologythe Second Clinical Medical CollegeHenan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou450002China
| | - Tiantian Song
- Department of Neurologythe Second Clinical Medical CollegeHenan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou450002China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Neurologythe Second Clinical Medical CollegeHenan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou450002China
| | - Shijie Jin
- Department of Neurologythe Second Clinical Medical CollegeHenan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou450002China
| | - Yinghe Gao
- Department of Neurologythe Second Clinical Medical CollegeHenan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou450002China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Department of Neurologythe Second Clinical Medical CollegeHenan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou450002China
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Attia SM, Ahmad SF, Nadeem A, Attia MSM, Ansari MA, Alsaleh NB, Alasmari AF, Al-Hamamah MA, Alanazi A, Alshamrani AA, Bakheet SA, Harisa GI. The small molecule Erk1/2 signaling pathway inhibitor PD98059 improves DNA repair in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis SJL/J mouse model of multiple sclerosis. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2023; 889:503650. [PMID: 37491119 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2023.503650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disorder in which the myelin sheath covering the central nervous system axons is damaged or lost, disrupting action potential conduction and leading to various neurological complications. The pathogenesis of MS remains unclear, and no effective therapies are currently available. MS is triggered by environmental factors in genetically susceptible individuals. DNA damage and DNA repair failure have been proposed as MS genetic risk factors; however, inconsistent evidence has been found in multiple studies. Therefore, more investigations are needed to ascertain whether DNA damage/repair is altered in this disorder. In this context, therapies that prevent DNA damage or enhance DNA repair could be effective strategies for MS treatment. The overactivation of the extracellular-signal-related kinase 1 and 2 (Erk1/2) pathway can lead to DNA damage and has been linked to MS pathogenesis. In our study, we observed substantially elevated oxidative DNA damage and slower DNA repair rates in an experimentally autoimmune encephalomyelitis animal model of MS (EAE). Moreover, statistical decreases in oxidative DNA strand breaks and faster repair rates were observed in EAE animals injected with the Erk1/2 inhibitor PD98059 (PD). Moreover, the expression of several genes associated with DNA strand breaks and repair changed in EAE mice at both the mRNA and protein levels, as revealed by the RT2 Profiler PCR array and verified by RT-PCR and protein analyses. The treatment with PD mitigated these changes and improved DNA repair gene expression. Our results demonstrate clear associations between Erk1/2 activation, DNA damage/repair, and MS pathology, and further suggest that PD therapy may be a promising adjuvant therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - S F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M S M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - N B Alsaleh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A F Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Al-Hamamah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Alshamrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - G I Harisa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Kumar S, Mehan S, Narula AS. Therapeutic modulation of JAK-STAT, mTOR, and PPAR-γ signaling in neurological dysfunctions. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:9-49. [PMID: 36478124 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02272-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The cytokine-activated Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) cascade is a pleiotropic pathway that involves receptor subunit multimerization. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a ubiquitously expressed serine-threonine kinase that perceives and integrates a variety of intracellular and environmental stimuli to regulate essential activities such as cell development and metabolism. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) is a prototypical metabolic nuclear receptor involved in neural differentiation and axon polarity. The JAK-STAT, mTOR, and PPARγ signaling pathways serve as a highly conserved signaling hub that coordinates neuronal activity and brain development. Additionally, overactivation of JAK/STAT, mTOR, and inhibition of PPARγ signaling have been linked to various neurocomplications, including neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Emerging research suggests that even minor disruptions in these cellular and molecular processes can have significant consequences manifested as neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases. Of interest, target modulators have been proven to alleviate neuronal complications associated with acute and chronic neurological deficits. This research-based review explores the therapeutic role of JAK-STAT, mTOR, and PPARγ signaling modulators in preventing neuronal dysfunctions in preclinical and clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Punjab, Moga, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Punjab, Moga, India.
| | - Acharan S Narula
- Narula Research, LLC, 107 Boulder Bluff, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
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Hou H, Sun Y, Miao J, Gao M, Guo L, Song X. Ponesimod modulates the Th1/Th17/Treg cell balance and ameliorates disease in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 356:577583. [PMID: 33940233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) plays an important role in autoimmune disease. Here, we evaluated whether ponesimod, an S1P1 modulator, affects inflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and investigated Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg cell subsets. Ponesimod treatment ameliorated EAE and alleviated inflammatory infiltration. Compared with untreated EAE, ponesimod-treated mice had lower Th1 and Th17 cell numbers and higher Treg cell numbers; their IFN-γ, T-bet, IL-17, and RORγt levels as well as their pmTOR/mTOR ratio were diminished, while their TGF-β and Foxp3 levels were enhanced. These results suggest that ponesimod modulates the Th1/Th17/Treg balance and regulates the mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Hou
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Hebei Neurology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Yafei Sun
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Hebei Neurology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Jun Miao
- Department of Dermatology, North China Petroleum Bureau General Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Renqiu 062552, Hebei, China
| | - Mengying Gao
- Emergency Department, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Hebei Neurology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Xiujuan Song
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Hebei Neurology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China.
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Sun H, Wang J, Guo L, Wang Y, Zhang J, Wang J, Quan M, Li B. The combined treatment of NAD + and atorvastatin ameliorates the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57BL/6 mice. J Neuroimmunol 2020; 350:577429. [PMID: 33176238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating and degenerating disorder of the central nervous system impacting many patients worldwide. Due to the complex pathogenesis of MS, drugs to treat MS often show partial effectiveness. Earlier experiments have demonstrated that both atorvastatin and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) may ameliorate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), which is known as a classical model of MS, via different protective mechanisms. Since combination therapy can exhibit more beneficial effects than monotherapy, we observed the protective effects of combined treatment of atorvastatin and NAD+ in EAE mice. Our results showed that the combined treatment of these two drugs at half of their optimal dosages had synergistic effect to alleviate the severity of EAE in mice than treatment with each alone. The combined treatment of EAE mice with atorvastatin plus NAD+ relieved the clinical signs and histologic changes, increased the proportion of Treg cells, attenuated IL-17 production, reduced proinflammatory cytokine secretion of Th17 cells, and increased cytokine secretion of Treg cells. In addition, the combined treatment also diminished phosphorylation of both P38 MAPK and ERK, while elevated SIRT1 expression. Taken together, these data suggested that combined treatment with NAD+ and atorvastatin could attenuate the progression of EAE by synergistic immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Jueqiong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Jinli Wang
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Moyuan Quan
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China.
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Chen J, Liu X, Zhong Y. Interleukin-17A: The Key Cytokine in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:566922. [PMID: 33132897 PMCID: PMC7550684 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.566922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the loss of neurons and/or myelin sheath, which deteriorate over time and cause dysfunction. Interleukin 17A is the signature cytokine of a subset of CD4+ helper T cells known as Th17 cells, and the IL-17 cytokine family contains six cytokines and five receptors. Recently, several studies have suggested a pivotal role for the interleukin-17A (IL-17A) cytokine family in human inflammatory or autoimmune diseases and neurodegenerative diseases, including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and glaucoma. Studies in recent years have shown that the mechanism of action of IL-17A is more subtle than simply causing inflammation. Although the specific mechanism of IL-17A in neurodegenerative diseases is still controversial, it is generally accepted now that IL-17A causes diseases by activating glial cells. In this review article, we will focus on the function of IL-17A, in particular the proposed roles of IL-17A, in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjue Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yisheng Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Zhou Y, Cui C, Ma X, Luo W, Zheng SG, Qiu W. Nuclear Factor κB (NF-κB)-Mediated Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:391. [PMID: 32265906 PMCID: PMC7105607 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling cascade has been implicating in a broad range of biological processes, including inflammation, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The past three decades have witnessed a great progress in understanding the impact of aberrant NF-κB regulation on human autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. In this review, we discuss how aberrant NF-κB activation contributes to multiple sclerosis, a typical inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, and its involvement in developing potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunping Cui
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Luo
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Song Guo Zheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Lv H, Jiang L, Zhu M, Li Y, Luo M, Jiang P, Tong S, Zhang H, Yan J. The genus Tripterygium: A phytochemistry and pharmacological review. Fitoterapia 2019; 137:104190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Han JJ, Li X, Ye ZQ, Lu XY, Yang T, Tian J, Wang YQ, Zhu L, Wang ZZ, Zhang Y. Treatment with 6-Gingerol Regulates Dendritic Cell Activity and Ameliorates the Severity of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1801356. [PMID: 31313461 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201801356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating autoimmune disorder, with increasing incidence worldwide but unknown etiology. 6-Gingerol (6-GIN), a major dietary compound found in ginger rhizome, has immunomodulatory activity. However, its role in autoimmune diseases, as well as the underlying mechanisms, are unclear. In this study, it is evaluated if 6-GIN can effectively ameliorate the clinical disease severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model of MS. METHODS AND RESULTS Clinical scores of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice are recorded daily. Inflammation of periphery and neuroinflammation of EAE mice are determined by flow cytometry analysis, ELISA, and histopathological analysis, and results show that 6-GIN significantly inhibits inflammatory cell infiltration from the periphery into the central nervous system and reduces neuroinflammation and demyelination. Flow cytometry analysis, ELISA, and quantitative PCR show that 6-GIN could suppress lipolysaccharide-induced dendritic cell (DC) activation and induce the tolerogenic DCs. Immunoblot analysis reveals that the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase, two critical regulators of inflammatory signaling, are significantly inhibited in 6-GIN-treated DCs. CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrate that 6-GIN has significant potential as a novel anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as MS via direct modulatory effects on DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Juan Han
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Xing Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Ze-Qing Ye
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yu Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Ting Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Jing Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Qian Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Zhe-Zhi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
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Tripchlorolide May Improve Spatial Cognition Dysfunction and Synaptic Plasticity after Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion. Neural Plast 2019; 2019:2158285. [PMID: 30923551 PMCID: PMC6409048 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2158285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is a common pathophysiological mechanism that underlies cognitive decline and degenerative processes in dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases. Low cerebral blood flow (CBF) during CCH leads to disturbances in the homeostasis of hemodynamics and energy metabolism, which in turn results in oxidative stress, astroglia overactivation, and synaptic protein downregulation. These events contribute to synaptic plasticity and cognitive dysfunction after CCH. Tripchlorolide (TRC) is an herbal compound with potent neuroprotective effects. The potential of TRC to improve CCH-induced cognitive impairment has not yet been determined. In the current study, we employed behavioral techniques, electrophysiology, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and Golgi staining to investigate the effect of TRC on spatial learning and memory impairment and on synaptic plasticity changes in rats after CCH. Our findings showed that TRC could rescue CCH-induced spatial learning and memory dysfunction and improve long-term potentiation (LTP) disorders. We also found that TRC could prevent CCH-induced reductions in N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor 2B, synapsin I, and postsynaptic density protein 95 levels. Moreover, TRC upregulated cAMP-response element binding protein, which is an important transcription factor for synaptic proteins. TRC also prevented the reduction in dendritic spine density that is caused by CCH. However, sham rats treated with TRC did not show any improvement in cognition. Because CCH causes disturbances in brain energy homeostasis, TRC therapy may resolve this instability by correcting a variety of cognitive-related signaling pathways. However, for the normal brain, TRC treatment led to neither disturbance nor improvement in neural plasticity. Additionally, this treatment neither impaired nor further improved cognition. In conclusion, we found that TRC can improve spatial learning and memory, enhance synaptic plasticity, upregulate the expression of some synaptic proteins, and increase the density of dendritic spines. Our findings suggest that TRC may be beneficial in the treatment of cognitive impairment induced by CCH.
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Yu S, Liu M, Hu K. Natural products: Potential therapeutic agents in multiple sclerosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 67:87-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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13
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Nabavi SM, Ahmed T, Nawaz M, Devi KP, Balan DJ, Pittalà V, Argüelles-Castilla S, Testai L, Khan H, Sureda A, de Oliveira MR, Vacca RA, Xu S, Yousefi B, Curti V, Daglia M, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Filosa R, Nabavi SF, Majidinia M, Dehpour AR, Shirooie S. Targeting STATs in neuroinflammation: The road less traveled! Pharmacol Res 2018; 141:73-84. [PMID: 30550953 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
JAK/STAT transduction pathway is a highly conserved pathway implicated in regulating cellular proliferation, differentiation, survival and apoptosis. Dysregulation of this pathway is involved in the onset of autoimmune, haematological, oncological, metabolic and neurological diseases. Over the last few years, the research of anti-neuroinflammatory agents has gained considerable attention. The ability to diminish the STAT-induced transcription of inflammatory genes is documented for both natural compounds (such as polyphenols) and chemical drugs. Among polyphenols, quercetin and curcumin directly inhibit STAT, while Berberis vulgaris L. and Sophora alopecuroides L extracts act indirectly. Also, the Food and Drug Administration has approved several JAK/STAT inhibitors (direct or indirect) for treating inflammatory diseases, indicating STAT can be considered as a therapeutic target for neuroinflammatory pathologies. Considering the encouraging data obtained so far, clinical trials are warranted to demonstrate the effectiveness and potential use in the clinical practice of STAT inhibitors to treat inflammation-associated neurodegenerative pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Touqeer Ahmed
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Maheen Nawaz
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Kasi Pandima Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University (Science Campus), Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Devasahayam Jaya Balan
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University (Science Campus), Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, via Bonanno 6 - 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress and CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), University of Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Marcos Roberto de Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry/ICET, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiaba, MT, 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Rosa Anna Vacca
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Council of Research, I-70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Suowen Xu
- University of Rochester, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Valeria Curti
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rosanna Filosa
- Consorzio Sannio Tech, Appia Str, Apollosa, BN 82030, Italy
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Shirooie
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Rapamycin and fingolimod modulate Treg/Th17 cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by regulating the Akt-mTOR and MAPK/ERK pathways. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 324:26-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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15
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Yan Z, Gibson SA, Buckley JA, Qin H, Benveniste EN. Role of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in regulation of innate immunity in neuroinflammatory diseases. Clin Immunol 2018; 189:4-13. [PMID: 27713030 PMCID: PMC5573639 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Janus Kinase/Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway is utilized by numerous cytokines and interferons, and is essential for the development and function of both innate and adaptive immunity. Aberrant activation of the JAK/STAT pathway is evident in neuroinflammatory diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson's Disease. Innate immunity is the front line defender of the immune system and is composed of various cell types, including microglia, macrophages and neutrophils. Innate immune responses have both pathogenic and protective roles in neuroinflammation, depending on disease context and the microenvironment in the central nervous system. In this review, we discuss the role of innate immunity in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory diseases, how the JAK/STAT signaling pathway regulates the innate immune response, and finally, the potential for ameliorating neuroinflammation by utilization of JAK/STAT inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqi Yan
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Sara A Gibson
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Jessica A Buckley
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Hongwei Qin
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
| | - Etty N Benveniste
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
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Zhang Q, Li Y, Liu M, Duan J, Zhou X, Zhu H. Compatibility with Panax notoginseng and Rehmannia glutinosa Alleviates the Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity of Tripterygium wilfordii via Modulating the Pharmacokinetics of Triptolide. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010305. [PMID: 29351251 PMCID: PMC5796250 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripterygium wilfordii (TW) and the representative active component triptolide show positive therapeutic effect on the autoimmune disorders and simultaneously ineluctable hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Combinational application of Panax notoginseng (PN) and Rehmannia glutinosa (RG) weakens the toxicity of TW according the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine. This article was aimed at the mechanism of decreasing toxicity of TW by the combinational application of PN and RG. Biochemical and pathohistological analysis were utilized to assess the toxicity on liver and kidney in rats administrated with TW, TW-PN, TW-RG and TW-PN-RG for 3 and 7 days. Meanwhile, the pharmacokinetics profiling of triptolide and wilforlide A was determined based on the plasma concentration analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). TW-induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP), the marker for liver injury, was enhanced from 22.83 ± 1.29 to 40.73 ± 1.42 King's unit/100 mL (p < 0.01) at day 7. TW-PN-RG decreased the serum ALP of TW-treated rats at 30.15 ± 1.27 King's unit/100 mL (p < 0.01). For nephrotoxicity, TW pronouncedly elevated serum creatinine (SCr) in rats from 20.33 ± 1.77 to 49.82 ± 2.35 μmol/L (p < 0.01). However, rats treated with TW-PN-RG showed lower SCr at 30.48 ± 1.98 μmol/L (p < 0.01). Moreover, TW-PN-RG significantly decreased the TW-induced elevation of total bilirubin (T-BIL), alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (Bun), and reversed the TW-resulted pathohistological characteristics of liver and kidney. The delayed time to reach Cmax (Tmax) and reduced maximum concentration (Cmax) and area under plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of triptolide and wilforlide A were explored in rats with combinational formulas. Synergism of PN and RG obviously prolonged the half-life (t1/2) and apparent volume of distribution (Vd), but exerted no action on the clearance rate. The compatibility of TW, PN and RG influences intracorporal process of both triptolide and wilforlide A on the steps of absorption and tissue distribution contributing to less toxicity of TW on liver and kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichun Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd., Nanjing 210023, China.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd., Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yiqun Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd., Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Mengzhu Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd., Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd., Nanjing 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, 138 Xianlin Rd., Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xueping Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd., Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Huaxu Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd., Nanjing 210023, China.
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Liu Y, Gibson SA, Benveniste EN, Qin H. Opportunities for Translation from the Bench: Therapeutic Intervention of the JAK/STAT Pathway in Neuroinflammatory Diseases. Crit Rev Immunol 2018; 35:505-27. [PMID: 27279046 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2016015517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic CD4+ T cells and myeloid cells play critical roles in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. These immune cells secrete aberrantly high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines that pathogenically bridge the innate and adaptive immune systems and damage neurons and oligodendrocytes. These cytokines include interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-6, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). It is, therefore, not surprising that both the dysregulated expression of these cytokines and the subsequent activation of their downstream signaling cascades is a common feature in MS/EAE. The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway is utilized by numerous cytokines for signal transduction and is essential for the development and regulation of immune responses. Unbridled activation of the JAK/STAT pathway by pro-inflammatory cytokines has been demonstrated to be critically involved in the pathogenesis of MS/EAE. In this review, we discuss recent advancements in our understanding of the involvement of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of MS/EAE, with a particular focus on therapeutic approaches to target the JAK/STAT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Liu
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294; Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Sara A Gibson
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294
| | - Etty N Benveniste
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294
| | - Hongwei Qin
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294
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Rapamycin Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Suppressing the mTOR-STAT3 Pathway. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:2831-2840. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2296-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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