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Israel LL, Sun T, Braubach O, Cox A, Shatalova ES, Rashid HM, Galstyan A, Grodzinski Z, Song XY, Chepurna O, Ljubimov VA, Chiechi A, Sharma S, Phebus C, Wang Y, Ljubimova JY, Black KL, Holler E. β-Amyloid targeting nanodrug for neuron-specific delivery of nucleic acids in Alzheimer's disease mouse models. J Control Release 2023; 361:636-658. [PMID: 37544515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of therapeutic substances into the brain poses a significant challenge in the treatment of neurological disorders. This is primarily due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which restricts access, alongside the limited stability and distribution of these agents within the brain tissue. Here we demonstrate an efficient delivery of microRNA (miRNA) and antisense RNA preferentially to neurons compared to astroglia in the brain of healthy and Alzheimer's disease mice, via disulfide-linked conjugation with poly(ß-L-malic acid-trileucine)-copolymer a biodegradable, amphiphilic, and multivalent platform. By conjugating a D-configured (D3)-peptide (vector) for specific targeting, highly efficient delivery across the BBB is achieved through the Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1 (LRP-1) transcytosis pathway, amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides. Nanodrug distribution was determined by fluorescent labeling and analyzed by microscopy in neurons, astroglia, and in extracellular amyloid plaques typical for Alzheimer's disease. Whereas D-configured BBB-vectors can efficiently target neurons, L-configured (e.g., AP2-peptide) guided vector can only cross BBB but not seem to bind neurons. An analysis of post-injection fluorescence distribution, and RNA-seq followed by real-time PCR validation, confirmed a successful in vivo delivery of morpholino-miRNA-186 nanoconjugates into mouse brain. The size and fluorescence intensity of the intracellular nanodrug particulates were analyzed and verified by a competition with non-fluorescent conjugates. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from RNA-seq were identified in the nanodrug injected mice, and the changes of selected DEGs related to Alzheimer's disease were further validated by western blot and real-time PCR. Collectively, these results demonstrated that D3-peptide-conjugated nanopolymer drug is able to achieve neuron-selective delivery of miRNA and can serve as an efficient brain delivery vehicle in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liron L Israel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles 90048, USA
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles 90048, USA
| | - Oliver Braubach
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles 90048, USA
| | - Alysia Cox
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles 90048, USA
| | | | | | - Anna Galstyan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles 90048, USA
| | - Zachary Grodzinski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles 90048, USA
| | - Xue Ying Song
- Cedars-Sinai Cancer Applied Genomics Shared Resource, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles 90048, USA
| | - Oksana Chepurna
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles 90048, USA
| | - Vladimir A Ljubimov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles 90048, USA
| | - Antonella Chiechi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles 90048, USA
| | - Sachin Sharma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles 90048, USA
| | - Connor Phebus
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles 90048, USA
| | - Yizhou Wang
- Cedars-Sinai Cancer Applied Genomics Shared Resource, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles 90048, USA
| | - Julia Y Ljubimova
- Terasaki Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, 90024, USA..
| | - Keith L Black
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles 90048, USA.
| | - Eggehard Holler
- Terasaki Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, 90024, USA..
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Urdánoz-Casado A, Sánchez-Ruiz de Gordoa J, Robles M, Roldan M, Macías Conde M, Acha B, Blanco-Luquin I, Mendioroz M. circRNA from APP Gene Changes in Alzheimer's Disease Human Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054308. [PMID: 36901741 PMCID: PMC10002054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of age-related dementia. Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is the precursor of Aβ peptides, and its role in AD has been widely investigated. Recently, it has been reported that a circular RNA (circRNA) originated from APP gene can serve as a template for Aβ synthesis, postulating it as an alternative pathway for the Aβ biogenesis. Moreover, circRNAs play important roles in brain development and in neurological diseases. Therefore, our aim was to study the expression of a circAPP (hsa_circ_0007556) and its linear cognate in AD human entorhinal cortex, a brain region most vulnerable to AD pathology. First, we confirmed the presence of circAPP (hsa_circ_0007556) in human entorhinal cortex samples using RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing of PCR products. Next, a 0.49-fold decrease in circAPP (hsa_circ_0007556) levels was observed in entorhinal cortex of AD cases compared to controls (p-value < 0.05) by qPCR. In contrast, APP mRNA expression did not show changes in the entorhinal cortex between AD cases and controls (Fold-change = 1.06; p-value = 0.81). A negative correlation was found between Aβ deposits and circAPP (hsa_circ_0007556) and APP expression levels (Rho Spearman = -0.56, p-value < 0.001 and Rho Spearman = -0.44, p-values < 0.001, respectively). Finally, by using bioinformatics tools, 17 miRNAs were predicted to bind circAPP (hsa_circ_0007556), and the functional analysis predicted that they were involved in some pathways, such as the Wnt-signaling pathway (p = 3.32 × 10-6). Long-term potentiation (p = 2.86 × 10-5), among others, is known to be altered in AD. To sum up, we show that circAPP (hsa_circ_0007556) is deregulated in the entorhinal cortex of AD patients. These results add to the notion that circAPP (hsa_circ_0007556) could be playing a role in the pathogenesis of AD disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaya Urdánoz-Casado
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
| | - Javier Sánchez-Ruiz de Gordoa
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
| | - Maitane Robles
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
| | - Miren Roldan
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
| | - Mónica Macías Conde
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
| | - Blanca Acha
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
| | - Idoia Blanco-Luquin
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
| | - Maite Mendioroz
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-848422677
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Huang Z, Wang H, Wang D, Zhao X, Liu W, Zhong X, He D, Mu B, Lu M. Identification of core genes in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease based on mRNA‐miRNA network. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:5779-5793. [DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi‐Hang Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan‐Chongqing Co‐construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Hai Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan‐Chongqing Co‐construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
- School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Dong‐Mei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Xiu‐Yun Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Wen‐Wen Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan‐Chongqing Co‐construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Xin Zhong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan‐Chongqing Co‐construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Dong‐Mei He
- School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Ben‐Rong Mu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan‐Chongqing Co‐construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Mei‐Hong Lu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan‐Chongqing Co‐construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
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Belkozhayev AM, Al-Yozbaki M, George A, Niyazova RY, Sharipov KO, Byrne LJ, Wilson CM. Extracellular Vesicles, Stem Cells and the Role of miRNAs in Neurodegeneration. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:1450-1478. [PMID: 34414870 PMCID: PMC9881087 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210817150141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There are different modalities of intercellular communication governed by cellular homeostasis. In this review, we will explore one of these forms of communication called extracellular vesicles (EVs). These vesicles are released by all cells in the body and are heterogeneous in nature. The primary function of EVs is to share information through their cargo consisting of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids (mRNA, miRNA, dsDNA etc.) with other cells, which have a direct consequence on their microenvironment. We will focus on the role of EVs of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the nervous system and how these participate in intercellular communication to maintain physiological function and provide neuroprotection. However, deregulation of this same communication system could play a role in several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, prion disease and Huntington's disease. The release of EVs from a cell provides crucial information to what is happening inside the cell and thus could be used in diagnostics and therapy. We will discuss and explore new avenues for the clinical applications of using engineered MSC-EVs and their potential therapeutic benefit in treating neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaz M. Belkozhayev
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
- Structural and Functional Genomics Laboratory of M.A. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Minnatallah Al-Yozbaki
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, UK
| | - Alex George
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, UK
- Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Raigul Ye Niyazova
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Kamalidin O. Sharipov
- Structural and Functional Genomics Laboratory of M.A. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Lee J. Byrne
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, UK
| | - Cornelia M. Wilson
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, UK
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5
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Abuelezz NZ, Nasr FE, AbdulKader MA, Bassiouny AR, Zaky A. MicroRNAs as Potential Orchestrators of Alzheimer's Disease-Related Pathologies: Insights on Current Status and Future Possibilities. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:743573. [PMID: 34712129 PMCID: PMC8546247 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.743573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and deleterious neurodegenerative disease, strongly affecting the cognitive functions and memory of seniors worldwide. Around 58% of the affected patients live in low and middle-income countries, with estimates of increasing deaths caused by AD in the coming decade. AD is a multifactor pathology. Mitochondrial function declines in AD brain and is currently emerging as a hallmark of this disease. It has been considered as one of the intracellular processes severely compromised in AD. Many mitochondrial parameters decline already during aging; mitochondrial efficiency for energy production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and the de novo synthesis of pyrimidines, to reach an extensive functional failure, concomitant with the onset of neurodegenerative conditions. Besides its impact on cognitive functions, AD is characterized by loss of synapses, extracellular amyloid plaques composed of the amyloid-β peptide (Aβ), and intracellular aggregates of hyperphosphorylated Tau protein, accompanied by drastic sleep disorders, sensory function alterations and pain sensitization. Unfortunately, till date, effective management of AD-related disorders and early, non-invasive AD diagnostic markers are yet to be found. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding nucleic acids that regulate key signaling pathway(s) in various disease conditions. About 70% of experimentally detectable miRNAs are expressed in the brain where they regulate neurite outgrowth, dendritic spine morphology, and synaptic plasticity. Increasing studies suggest that miRNAs are intimately involved in synaptic function and specific signals during memory formation. This has been the pivotal key for considering miRNAs crucial molecules to be studied in AD. MicroRNAs dysfunctions are increasingly acknowledged as a pivotal contributor in AD via deregulating genes involved in AD pathogenesis. Moreover, miRNAs have been proved to control pain sensitization processes and regulate circadian clock system that affects the sleep process. Interestingly, the differential expression of miRNA panels implies their emerging potential as diagnostic AD biomarkers. In this review, we will present an updated analysis of miRNAs role in regulating signaling processes that are involved in AD-related pathologies. We will discuss the current challenges against wider use of miRNAs and the future promising capabilities of miRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic means for better management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermeen Z Abuelezz
- Biochemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Fayza Eid Nasr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmad R Bassiouny
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amira Zaky
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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6
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Dong LH, Sun L, Zhang WJ, Wang XY, Li JM. Reduced serum miR-202 may promote the progression of Alzheimer's disease patients via targeting amyloid precursor protein. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 37:730-738. [PMID: 34042273 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated whether the expression of miR-202 was abnormal in the serum of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and evaluated the potential clinical significance, thereby shedding light on the diagnosis of AD. Here, our data showed that the level of miR-202 decreased significantly in the serum of AD patients (n = 121) compared with that of healthy controls (n = 86). Further analysis showed that the level of serum miR-202 was gradually decreased in the mild AD group (n = 31), moderate AD group (n = 52) and severe AD group (n = 38) compared with the healthy control group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated that serum miR-202 could differentiate AD patients from healthy controls, with an AUC of 0.892. Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum miR-202 was positively correlated with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Based on TargetScan, a conserved binding site was identified in the 3'UTR of amyloid precursor protein (APP). The dual luciferase assay showed that miR-202 suppressed the relative luciferase activity of pmirGLO-APP-3'UTR. Western blot assays indicated that overexpression of miR-202 suppressed the expression of APP, while the expression of APP was enhanced after inhibition of miR-202 in PC12 cells, indicating that APP was a possible target gene of miR-202. Moreover, the cell apoptosis induced by transfection of miR-202 inhibitor was abolished by silencing APP. In summary, we showed novel data that downregulation of serum miR-202 may be used as a potential biomarker for AD and may promote the development of AD by targeting APP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hua Dong
- Department of Neurology, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Neurology, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jia-Mei Li
- Department of Neurology, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao City, Shandong Province, China
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7
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Chopra N, Wang R, Maloney B, Nho K, Beck JS, Pourshafie N, Niculescu A, Saykin AJ, Rinaldi C, Counts SE, Lahiri DK. MicroRNA-298 reduces levels of human amyloid-β precursor protein (APP), β-site APP-converting enzyme 1 (BACE1) and specific tau protein moieties. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:5636-5657. [PMID: 31942037 PMCID: PMC8758483 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0610-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common age-related form of dementia, associated with deposition of intracellular neuronal tangles consisting primarily of hyperphosphorylated microtubule-associated protein tau (p-tau) and extracellular plaques primarily comprising amyloid- β (Aβ) peptide. The p-tau tangle unit is a posttranslational modification of normal tau protein. Aβ is a neurotoxic peptide excised from the amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) by β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and the γ-secretase complex. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, single-stranded RNAs that modulate protein expression as part of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). We identified miR-298 as a repressor of APP, BACE1, and the two primary forms of Aβ (Aβ40 and Aβ42) in a primary human cell culture model. Further, we discovered a novel effect of miR-298 on posttranslational levels of two specific tau moieties. Notably, miR-298 significantly reduced levels of ~55 and 50 kDa forms of the tau protein without significant alterations of total tau or other forms. In vivo overexpression of human miR-298 resulted in nonsignificant reduction of APP, BACE1, and tau in mice. Moreover, we identified two miR-298 SNPs associated with higher cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) p-tau and lower CSF Aβ42 levels in a cohort of human AD patients. Finally, levels of miR-298 varied in postmortem human temporal lobe between AD patients and age-matched non-AD controls. Our results suggest that miR-298 may be a suitable target for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipun Chopra
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Ruizhi Wang
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Bryan Maloney
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA ,grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Indiana Alzheimers Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Indiana Alzheimers Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA ,grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Departments of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - John S. Beck
- grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Departments of Translational Neuroscience and Family Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI USA
| | - Naemeh Pourshafie
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Alexander Niculescu
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Andrew J. Saykin
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Indiana Alzheimers Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA ,grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Departments of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA ,grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Carlo Rinaldi
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QX UK
| | - Scott E. Counts
- grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Departments of Translational Neuroscience and Family Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI USA
| | - Debomoy K. Lahiri
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA ,grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Indiana Alzheimers Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA ,grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
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Lee S, Mankhong S, Kang JH. Extracellular Vesicle as a Source of Alzheimer's Biomarkers: Opportunities and Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071728. [PMID: 30965555 PMCID: PMC6479979 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by memory decline and cognitive dysfunction. Although the primary causes of AD are not clear, it is widely accepted that the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) and consecutive hyper-phosphorylation of tau, synaptic loss, oxidative stress and neuronal death might play a vital role in AD pathogenesis. Recently, it has been widely suggested that extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are released from virtually all cell types, are a mediator in regulating AD pathogenesis. Clinical evidence for the diagnostic performance of EV-associated biomarkers, particularly exosome biomarkers in the blood, is also emerging. In this review, we briefly introduce the biological function of EVs in the central nervous system and discuss the roles of EVs in AD pathogenesis. In particular, the roles of EVs associated with autophagy and lysosomal degradation systems in AD proteinopathy and in disease propagation are discussed. Next, we summarize candidates for biochemical AD biomarkers in EVs, including proteins and miRNAs. The accumulating data brings hope that the application of EVs will be helpful for early diagnostics and the identification of new therapeutic targets for AD. However, at the same time, there are several challenges in developing valid EV biomarkers. We highlight considerations for the development of AD biomarkers from circulating EVs, which includes the standardization of pre-analytical sources of variability, yield and purity of isolated EVs and quantification of EV biomarkers. The development of valid EV AD biomarkers may be facilitated by collaboration between investigators and the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongju Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea.
- Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea.
| | - Sakulrat Mankhong
- Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea.
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea.
| | - Ju-Hee Kang
- Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea.
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea.
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Yang R, Wei M, Yang F, Sheng Y, Ji L. Diosbulbin B induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in hepatocytes by miRNA-186-3p and miRNA-378a-5p-mediated the decreased expression of CDK1. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 357:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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10
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Iranifar E, Seresht BM, Momeni F, Fadaei E, Mehr MH, Ebrahimi Z, Rahmati M, Kharazinejad E, Mirzaei H. Exosomes and microRNAs: New potential therapeutic candidates in Alzheimer disease therapy. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2296-2305. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Iranifar
- Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical SciencesTorbat Heydariyeh Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Momeni
- General Practitioner, Faculty of MedicineAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvaz Iran
| | - Elyas Fadaei
- Faculty of MedicineIslamic Azad University of NajafabadNajafabad Iran
| | - Maysam Havasi Mehr
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Medicine, Iran University of Medical SciencesTehran Iran
| | - Zahra Ebrahimi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Molecular SciencesSchool of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical SciencesBojnurd Iran
| | - Majid Rahmati
- Department of Medical BiotechnologySchool of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical SciencesShahroud Iran
| | | | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Department of BiomaterialsTissue Engineering and Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahan Iran
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11
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Wu D, Wen X, Wang Y, Han X, Wang S, Shen M, Fan S, Zhuang J, Zhang Z, Shan Q, Li M, Hu B, Sun C, Lu J, Chen G, Zheng Y. Retracted
: Effect of microRNA‐186 on oxidative stress injury of neuron by targeting interleukin 2 through the janus kinase‐signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9488-9502. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong‐Mei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Xin Wen
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Yong‐Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Xin‐Rui Han
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Shan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Min Shen
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Shao‐Hua Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Juan Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco‐Agricultural Biotechnology Around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences Huaiyin Normal University Huaian China
| | - Zi‐Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Qun Shan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Meng‐Qiu Li
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Chun‐Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Gui‐Quan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center Nanjing University Nanjing China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center Nanjing University Nanjing China
| | - Yuan‐Lin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
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12
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Dong Y, Jin X, Sun Z, Zhao Y, Song X. MiR-186 Inhibited Migration of NSCLC via Targeting cdc42 and Effecting EMT Process. Mol Cells 2017; 40:195-201. [PMID: 28317368 PMCID: PMC5386957 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.2291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, qRT-PCR was employed to identify that miR-186 expression level in NSCLC tissues are highly associated with lymph node metastasis. In addition, through the application of western blotting, luciferase assay and qRT-PCR, it was found that miR-186 targeted 3'UTR of cdc42 mRNA and down-regulated cdc42 protein level in a post-transcriptional manner. Transwell assay indicated that cdc42 partially reversed the effect of miR-186 mimics. Besides, miR-186 was proved to regulate EMT by influencing biomarkers of this process and cell adhesion ability. Thus, miR-186 is a potential target for NSCLC therapy. miR-186 is proposed to be one of tumor-suppressors and may serve as a therapeutic target in NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Dong
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun 130021,
China
| | - Xintian Jin
- Department of Thoracic, The Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun 130021,
China
| | - Zhiqiang Sun
- Department of Invasive Technology, The Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun 130021,
China
| | - Yueming Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun 130021,
China
| | - Xianjing Song
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041,
China
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13
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Li Q, Li X, Wang L, Zhang Y, Chen L. miR-98-5p Acts as a Target for Alzheimer's Disease by Regulating Aβ Production Through Modulating SNX6 Expression. J Mol Neurosci 2016; 60:413-420. [PMID: 27541017 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0815-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) in the brain of Alzheimer disease (AD) patients is believed to be the main pathological feature of the disease. Meanwhile, miR-98-5p dysregulation was found in AD. However, whether miR-98-5p is involved in the accumulation of Aβ in AD, the underlying molecule mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we confirmed that miR-98-5p negatively regulated sorting nexin 6 (SNX6) expression by targeting the 3'-UTR of SNX6 mRNA. Downregulation of miR-98-5p alleviated Aβ-induced viability inhibition and decreased apoptosis in SK-N-SH and SH-SY5Y cells by upregulating SNX6 expression. Furthermore, downregulation of miR-98-5p decreased SNX6-dependent levels of Aβ40, Aβ42, β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), soluble amyloid precursor protein β (sAPPβ), and membrane-associated APP β-carboxyl terminal fragment (βCTF) in SK-N-SH and HEK293 cells. Our findings demonstrate that miR-98-5p modulates SNX6 expression and thus plays a critical role in accumulation of Aβ. Therefore, miR-98-5p may be a novel therapeutic target for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushi Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, 121000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xidong Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, 121000, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shenyang General Hospital of PLA, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, 121000, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, 5-2 People Street, Jinzhou, Liaoning, 121000, People's Republic of China.
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