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Ishida K, Takeda K, Takehara Y, Takabayashi T, Miyara M, Sanoh S, Kawai H, Ohta S, Kotake Y. Methylmercury Decreases AMPA Receptor Subunit GluA2 Levels in Cultured Rat Cortical Neurons. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:292-300. [PMID: 36724957 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a well-known environmental pollutant that has harmful effects on the central nervous systems of humans and animals. The molecular mechanisms of MeHg-induced neurotoxicity at low concentrations are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the effects of low-concentration MeHg on the cell viability, Ca2+ homeostasis, and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunit GluA2 levels, which determine Ca2+ permeability of AMPA receptors, in rat primary cortical neurons. Exposure of cortical neurons to 100 and 300 nM MeHg for 7 d resulted in a decrease in GluA2 levels, an increase in basal intracellular Ca2+ concentration, increased phosphorylation levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and p38, and decreased cell viability. Moreover, glutamate stimulation exacerbated the decrease in cell viability and increased intracellular Ca2+ levels in MeHg-treated neurons compared to control neurons. MeHg-induced neuronal cell death was ameliorated by 1-naphthyl acetyl spermine, a specific antagonist of Ca2+-permeable, GluA2-lacking AMPA receptors. Our findings raise the possibility that decreased neuronal GluA2 levels and the subsequent increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration may contribute to MeHg-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishi Ishida
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Kazuki Takeda
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Yuki Takehara
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | | | - Masatsugu Miyara
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Seigo Sanoh
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University.,Wakayama Medical University
| | - Hidehiko Kawai
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Shigeru Ohta
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University.,Wakayama Medical University
| | - Yaichiro Kotake
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
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2
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Hatano M, Hatamiya S, Miyara M, Kotake Y. Tributyltin activates the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway via a macroautophagy-independent reduction in Keap1. J Toxicol Sci 2023; 48:161-168. [PMID: 36858641 DOI: 10.2131/jts.48.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) is an environmental chemical, which was used as an antifouling agent for ships. Although its use has been banned, it is still persistently present in ocean sediments. Although TBT reportedly causes various toxicity in mammals, few studies on the mechanisms of biological response against TBT toxicity exist. The well-established Keap1-Nrf2 pathway is activated as a cytoprotective mechanism under stressful conditions. The relationship between TBT and the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway remains unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of TBT on the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. TBT reduced Keap1 protein expression in Neuro2a cells, a mouse neuroblastoma cell line, after 6 hr without altering mRNA expression levels. TBT also promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, a transcription factor for antioxidant proteins, after 12 hr and augmented the expression of heme oxygenase 1, a downstream protein of Nrf2. Furthermore, TBT decreased Keap1 levels in mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells, with the knockout of Atg5, which is essential for macroautophagy, as well as in wild-type MEF cells. These results suggest that TBT activates the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway via the reduction in the Keap1 protein level in a macroautophagy-independent manner. The Keap1-Nrf2 pathway is activated by conformational changes in Keap1 induced by reactive oxygen species or electrophiles. Furthermore, any unutilized Keap1 protein is degraded by macroautophagy. Understanding the novel mechanism governing the macroautophagy-independent reduction in Keap1 by TBT may provide insights into the unresolved biological response mechanism against TBT toxicity and the activation mechanism of the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Hatano
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Shunichi Hatamiya
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Masatsugu Miyara
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Yaichiro Kotake
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
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3
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Hatori Y, Kanda Y, Nonaka S, Nakanishi H, Kitazawa T. ATP13A2 modifies mitochondrial localization of overexpressed TOM20 to autolysosomal pathway. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276823. [PMID: 36445873 PMCID: PMC9707766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in ATP13A2 cause Kufor-Rakeb Syndrome (KRS), a juvenile form of Parkinson's Disease (PD). The gene product belongs to a diverse family of ion pumps and mediates polyamine influx from lysosomal lumen. While the biochemical and structural studies highlight its unique mechanics, how PD pathology is linked to ATP13A2 function remains unclear. Here we report that localization of overexpressed TOM20, a mitochondrial outer-membrane protein, is significantly altered upon ATP13A2 expression to partially merge with lysosome. Using Halo-fused version of ATP13A2, ATP13A2 was identified in lysosome and autophagosome. Upon ATP13A2 co-expression, overexpressed TOM20 was found not only in mitochondria but also within ATP13A2-containing autolysosome. This modification of TOM20 localization was inhibited by adding 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and not accompanied with mitophagy induction. We suggest that ATP13A2 may participate in the control of overexpressed proteins targeted to mitochondrial outer-membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Hatori
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women’s University, Hiroshima, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yukina Kanda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women’s University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Saori Nonaka
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women’s University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakanishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women’s University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takeo Kitazawa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women’s University, Hiroshima, Japan
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4
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Chauhan P, Wadhwa K, Singh G. Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system to evaluate neuroprotective potential of nano formulations. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.1018754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of neurodegenerative illnesses on society is significant, but the mechanisms leading to neuronal malfunction and death in these conditions remain largely unknown despite identifying essential disease genes. To pinpoint the mechanisms behind the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, several researchers have turned to nematode C. elegans instead of using mammals. Since C. elegans is transparent, free-living, and amenable to culture, it has several benefits. As a result, all the neurons in C. elegans can be easily identified, and their connections are understood. Human proteins linked to Neurodegeneration can be made to express in them. It is also possible to analyze how C. elegans orthologs of the genes responsible for human neurodegenerative diseases function. In this article, we focused at some of the most important C. elegans neurodegeneration models that accurately represent many elements of human neurodegenerative illness. It has been observed that studies using the adaptable C. elegans have helped us in better understanding of human diseases. These studies have used it to replicate several aspects of human neurodegeneration. A nanotech approach involves engineering materials or equipments interacting with biological systems at the molecular level to trigger physiological responses by increasing stimulation, responding, and interacting with target sites while minimizing side effects, thus revolutionizing the treatment and diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. Nanotechnologies are being used to treat neurological disorders and deliver nanoscale drugs. This review explores the current and future uses of these nanotechnologies as innovative therapeutic modalities in treatment of neurodegenerative diseases using C elegans as an experimental model.
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5
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Jang HJ, Chung KC. The ubiquitin‐proteasome system and autophagy mutually interact in neurotoxin‐induced dopaminergic cell death models of Parkinson’s disease. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:2898-2913. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ji Jang
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Korea
| | - Kwang Chul Chung
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Korea
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6
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Umeda-Miyara K, Miyara M, Sanoh S, Kotake Y. Trehalose decreases mRNA and protein expressions of c-Jun and JunB in human cervical cancer HeLa cells. J Biochem 2022; 172:177-187. [PMID: 35748379 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvac051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that trehalose, a non-reducing disaccharide, ameliorates disease phenotypes by activating autophagy in animal models of various human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. Multiple in vitro studies suggest that activation of transcription factor EB, a master regulator of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy genes, is a major contributor to trehalose-induced autophagy at later stages of exposure. However, underlying causes of trehalose-induced autophagy possibly occur at the early stage of the exposure period. In this study, we investigated the effects of short-term exposure of HeLa cells to trehalose on several signal transduction pathways to elucidate the initial events involved in its beneficial effects. Phospho-protein array analysis revealed that trehalose decreases levels of phosphorylated c-Jun, a component of the transcription factor activator protein-1, after 6 h. Trehalose also rapidly reduced mRNA expression levels of c-Jun and JunB, a member of the Jun family, within 1 h, resulting in a subsequent decrease in their protein levels. Future studies, exploring the interplay between decreased c-Jun and JunB protein levels and beneficial effects of trehalose may provide novel insights into the mechanisms of trehalose action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanae Umeda-Miyara
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Miyara
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.,Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan.,Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry and Molecular Toxicology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Seigo Sanoh
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yaichiro Kotake
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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7
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Hatamiya S, Miyara M, Kotake Y. Tributyltin inhibits autophagy by decreasing lysosomal acidity in SH-SY5Y cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 592:31-37. [PMID: 35016149 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.12.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) is an environmental pollutant that remains in marine sediments and is toxic to mammals. For example, TBT elicits neurotoxic and immunosuppressive effects on rats. However, it is not entirely understood how TBT causes toxicity. Autophagy plays a pivotal role in protein quality control and eliminates aggregated proteins and damaged organelles. We previously reported that TBT dephosphorylates mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which may be involved in enhancement of autophagosome synthesis, in primary cultures of cortical neurons. Autophagosomes can accumulate due to enhancement of autophagosome synthesis or inhibition of autophagic degradation, and we did not clarify whether TBT alters autophagic flux. Here, we investigated the mechanism by which TBT causes accumulation of autophagosomes in SH-SY5Y cells. TBT inhibited autophagy without affecting autophagosome-lysosome fusion before it caused cell death. TBT dramatically decreased the acidity of lysosomes without affecting lysosomal membrane integrity. TBT decreased the mature protein level of cathepsin B, and this may be related to the decrease in lysosomal acidity. These results suggest that TBT inhibits autophagic degradation by decreasing lysosomal acidity. Autophagy impairment may be involved in the mechanism underlying neuronal death and/or T-cell-dependent thymus atrophy induced by TBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Hatamiya
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Miyara
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Yaichiro Kotake
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
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8
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Omura T, Nomura L, Watanabe R, Nishiguchi H, Yamamoto K, Imai S, Nakagawa S, Itohara K, Yonezawa A, Nakagawa T, Kunimasa J, Yano I, Matsubara K. MicroRNA-101 Regulates 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Cell Death by Targeting Suppressor/Enhancer Lin-12-Like in SH-SY5Y Cells. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:748026. [PMID: 34955743 PMCID: PMC8695805 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.748026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been reported as a cause of Parkinson’s disease (PD). We have previously reported that the ubiquitin ligase HMG-CoA reductase degradation 1 (HRD1) and its stabilizing factor suppressor/enhancer lin-12-like (SEL1L) participate in the ER stress. In addition, we recently demonstrated that neuronal cell death is enhanced in the cellular PD model when SEL1L expression is suppressed compared with cell death when HRD1 expression is suppressed. This finding suggests that SEL1L is a critical key molecule in the strategy for PD therapy. Thus, investigation into whether microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate SEL1L expression in neurons should be interesting because relationships between miRNAs and the development of neurological diseases such as PD have been reported in recent years. In this study, using miRNA databases and previous reports, we searched for miRNAs that could regulate SEL1L expression and examined the effects of this regulation on cell death in PD models created by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Five miRNAs were identified as candidate miRNAs that could modulate SEL1L expression. Next, SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to 6-OHDA, following which miR-101 expression was found to be inversely correlated with SEL1L expression. Therefore, we selected miR-101 as a candidate miRNA for SEL1L modulation. We confirmed that miR-101 directly targets the SEL1L 3′ untranslated region, and an miR-101 mimic suppressed the 6-OHDA–induced increase in SEL1L expression and enhanced cell death. Furthermore, an miR-101 inhibitor suppressed this response. These results suggest that miR-101 regulates SEL1L expression and may serve as a new target for PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Omura
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Luna Nomura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ran Watanabe
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan.,Education and Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | | | | | - Satoshi Imai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunsaku Nakagawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kotaro Itohara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yonezawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junichi Kunimasa
- Education and Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ikuko Yano
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kazuo Matsubara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Wakayama Medical University Hospital, Wakayama, Japan
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9
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Baeken MW, Schwarz M, Kern A, Moosmann B, Hajieva P, Behl C. The selective degradation of sirtuins via macroautophagy in the MPP + model of Parkinson's disease is promoted by conserved oxidation sites. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:286. [PMID: 34642296 PMCID: PMC8511006 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00683-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The sirtuin (SIRT) protein family has been of major research interest over the last decades because of their involvement in aging, cancer, and cell death. SIRTs have been implicated in gene and metabolic regulation through their capacity to remove acyl groups from lysine residues in proteins in an NAD+-dependent manner, which may alter individual protein properties as well as the histone–DNA interaction. Since SIRTs regulate a wide range of different signaling cascades, a fine-tuned homeostasis of these proteins is imperative to guarantee the function and survival of the cell. So far, however, how exactly this homeostasis is established has remained unknown. Here, we provide evidence that neuronal SIRT degradation in Parkinson’s disease (PD) models is executed by autophagy rather than the proteasome. In neuronal Lund human mesencephalic (LUHMES) cells, all seven SIRTs were substrates for autophagy and showed an accelerated autophagy-dependent degradation upon 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) mediated oxidative insults in vitro, whereas the proteasome did not contribute to the removal of oxidized SIRTs. Through blockade of endogenous H2O2 generation and supplementation with the selective radical scavenger phenothiazine (PHT), we could identify H2O2-derived species as the responsible SIRT-oxidizing agents. Analysis of all human SIRTs suggested a conserved regulatory motif based on cysteine oxidation, which may have triggered their degradation via autophagy. High amounts of H2O2, however, rapidly carbonylated selectively SIRT2, SIRT6, and SIRT7, which were found to accumulate carbonylation-prone amino acids. Our data may help in finding new strategies to maintain and modify SIRT bioavailability in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius W Baeken
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, The Autophagy Lab, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany. .,Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Engineering Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, 904 0495, Japan.
| | - Mario Schwarz
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, The Autophagy Lab, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Kern
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, The Autophagy Lab, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bernd Moosmann
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, Evolutionary Biochemistry and Redox Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Parvana Hajieva
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, Cellular Adaptation Group, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.,Institute for Molecular Medicine, MSH Medical School, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Behl
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, The Autophagy Lab, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
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10
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Wen G, Pang H, Wu X, Jiang E, Zhang X, Zhan X. Proteomic characterization of secretory granules in dopaminergic neurons indicates chromogranin/secretogranin-mediated protein processing impairment in Parkinson's disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:20335-20358. [PMID: 34420933 PMCID: PMC8436928 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an aging disorder related to vesicle transport dysfunctions and neurotransmitter secretion. Secretory granules (SGs) are large dense-core vesicles for the biosynthesis of neuropeptides and hormones. At present, the involvement of SGs impairment in PD remains unclear. In the current study, we found that the number of SGs in tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons and the marker proteins secretogranin III (Scg3) significantly decreased in the substantia nigra and striatum regions of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) exposed mice. Proteomic study of SGs purified from the dopaminergic SH-sy5Y cells under 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) treatments (ProteomeXchange PXD023937) identified 536 significantly differentially expressed proteins. The result indicated that disabled lysosome and peroxisome, lipid and energy metabolism disorders are three characteristic features. Protein-protein interaction analysis of 56 secretory proteins and 140 secreted proteins suggested that the peptide processing mediated by chromogranin/secretogranin in SGs was remarkably compromised, accompanied by decreased candidate proteins and peptides neurosecretory protein (VGF), neuropeptide Y, apolipoprotein E, and an increased level of proenkephalin. The current study provided an extensive proteinogram of SGs in PD. It is helpful to understand the molecular mechanisms in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gehua Wen
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Hao Pang
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Xu Wu
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Enzhu Jiang
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Xique Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Xiaoni Zhan
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
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11
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Ren H, Zhai W, Lu X, Wang G. The Cross-Links of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Autophagy, and Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:691881. [PMID: 34168552 PMCID: PMC8218021 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.691881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder, and it is characterized by the selective loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), as well as the presence of intracellular inclusions with α-synuclein as the main component in surviving DA neurons. Emerging evidence suggests that the imbalance of proteostasis is a key pathogenic factor for PD. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy, two major pathways for maintaining proteostasis, play important roles in PD pathology and are considered as attractive therapeutic targets for PD treatment. However, although ER stress/UPR and autophagy appear to be independent cellular processes, they are closely related to each other. In this review, we focused on the roles and molecular cross-links between ER stress/UPR and autophagy in PD pathology. We systematically reviewed and summarized the most recent advances in regulation of ER stress/UPR and autophagy, and their cross-linking mechanisms. We also reviewed and discussed the mechanisms of the coexisting ER stress/UPR activation and dysregulated autophagy in the lesion regions of PD patients, and the underlying roles and molecular crosslinks between ER stress/UPR activation and the dysregulated autophagy in DA neurodegeneration induced by PD-associated genetic factors and PD-related neurotoxins. Finally, we indicate that the combined regulation of ER stress/UPR and autophagy would be a more effective treatment for PD rather than regulating one of these conditions alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haigang Ren
- Department of Neurology, Center of Translational Medicine, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wanqing Zhai
- Department of Neurology, Center of Translational Medicine, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Lu
- Department of Neurology, Center of Translational Medicine, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Suzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Center of Translational Medicine, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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12
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Li G, Luo W, Wang B, Qian C, Ye Y, Li Y, Zhang S. HMGA1 Induction of miR-103/107 Forms a Negative Feedback Loop to Regulate Autophagy in MPTP Model of Parkinson's Disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 14:620020. [PMID: 33536877 PMCID: PMC7847849 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.620020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy dysfunction has been directly linked with the onset and progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD), but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. High-mobility group A1 (HMGA1), well-known chromatin remodeling proteins, play pivotal roles in diverse biological processes and diseases. Their function in neural cell death in PD, however, have not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we report that HMGA1 is highly induced during dopaminergic cell death in vitro and mice models of PD in vivo. Functional studies using genetic knockdown of endogenous HMGA1 show that HMGA1 signaling inhibition accelerates neural cell death, at least partially through aggravating MPP+-induced autophagic flux reduction resulting from partial block in autophagic flux at the terminal stages, indicating a novel potential neuroprotective role for HMGA1 in dopaminergic neurons death. MicroRNA-103/107 (miR-103/107) family, which is highly expressed in neuron, coordinately ensures proper end-stage autophagy. We further illustrate that MPP+/1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced HMGA1 elevation counterparts the effect of miR-103/107 downregulation by directly binding to their promoters, respectively, sustaining their expression in MPP+-damaged MN9D cells and modulates autophagy through CDK5R1/CDK5 signaling pathway. We also find that HMGA1 is a direct target of miR-103/107 family. Thus, our results suggest that HMGA1 forms a negative feedback loop with miR-103/107-CDK5R1/CDK5 signaling to regulate the MPP+/MPTP-induced autophagy impairment and neural cell death. Collectively, we identify a paradigm for compensatory neuroprotective HMGA1 signaling in dopaminergic neurons that could have important therapeutic implications for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gehui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The National Key Clinical Specialty, Department of Neurosurgery, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wanxian Luo
- Department of Medicine Ultrasonics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoyan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The National Key Clinical Specialty, Department of Neurosurgery, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Qian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The National Key Clinical Specialty, Department of Neurosurgery, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongyi Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuantao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shizhong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The National Key Clinical Specialty, Department of Neurosurgery, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Yabuki A, Miyara M, Umeda-Miyara K, Takao S, Sanoh S, Kotake Y. MiT/TFE family members suppress L-leucyl-L-leucine methyl ester-induced cell death. J Toxicol Sci 2021; 46:143-156. [PMID: 33642520 DOI: 10.2131/jts.46.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomes are degradative organelles essential for cell homeostasis. However, various internal and external stimuli, including L-leucyl-L-leucine methyl ester (LLOMe), which is one of the common lysosomotropic agents, permeabilize the lysosomal membrane, leading to lysosome-dependent cell death because of leakage of lysosomal contents to the cytosol. The microphthalmia/transcription factor E (MiT/TFE) family members, which include transcription factor EB (TFEB), transcription factor E3 (TFE3), and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), are master regulators of lysosomal biogenesis and are known to be involved in the lysosomal stress response. However, their protective effects against cell death associated with lysosomal-membrane damage are still poorly understood. In this study, we confirmed that LLOMe-induced lysosomal damage triggered nuclear translocation of TFEB/TFE3/MITF and increased the mRNA levels of their target genes encoding lysosomal hydrolases and lysosomal membrane proteins in HeLa cells. Furthermore, we revealed that TFEB/TFE3/MITF knockdown exacerbated LLOMe-induced cell death. However, TFEB overexpression only slightly attenuated LLOMe-induced cell death, despite enhanced LLOMe-induced increase in CTSD mRNA levels, implying that the endogenous levels of MiT/TFE family members might be sufficient to promote lysosomal biogenesis in response to lysosomal-membrane damage. Our results suggest that MiT/TFE family members suppress the cell death associated with lysosomal-membrane damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Yabuki
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Masatsugu Miyara
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
- Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry and Molecular Toxicology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
| | | | - Saya Takao
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Seigo Sanoh
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Yaichiro Kotake
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
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TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) ameliorates lysosomal damage in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine-mediated mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Toxicol Lett 2020; 339:60-69. [PMID: 33359019 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The progressive loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) correlates with rupture of lysosome in Parkinson's disease (PD). It has been found that TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) has been attributed to the regulation of metabolic pathways and neuroprotective effect. In the present study, we showed in a mouse model that 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) caused lysosomal damage and DA neurons loss in the SNpc. MPTP only induced SP1-mediated TIGAR upregulation in the early stage of neurotoxin-induced pathology, and this compensatory mechanism was not enough to maintain normal lysosomal function. MPTP significantly decreased the levels of NADPH and GSH, and the effects were ameliorated by the expression of exogenous TIGAR but execerbated by knockdown of TIAGR. TIGAR or NADPH alleviated oxidative stress, rescued lysosomal dysfunction and attenuated DA neurons degeneration. Overexpression of TIGAR or NADPH supplement inhibited MPP+-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS), lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and autophagic flux impairment in PC12 cells. Together, these findings suggest that TIGAR reduces MPTP-mediated oxidative stress, lysosomal depletion and DA neuron damage.
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15
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Gugliandolo A, Pollastro F, Bramanti P, Mazzon E. Cannabidiol exerts protective effects in an in vitro model of Parkinson's disease activating AKT/mTOR pathway. Fitoterapia 2020; 143:104553. [PMID: 32184097 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway with loss of substantia nigra pars compacta neurons and dopamine depletion. Various natural compounds showed protective actions against PD. In this work, the protective effects of cannabidiol (CBD), obtained from Cannabis sativa, were evaluated in retinoic acid differentiated SH-SY5Y cells exposed to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), an in vitro PD model. In order to evaluate which receptor is involved in CBD actions CB1, CB2 and TRPV1 receptor antagonists were used. CBD counteracted the loss of cell viability caused by MPP+, reducing apoptosis as demonstrated by the reduction of Bax and caspase 3. Moreover, CBD reduced the nuclear levels of PARP-1. The protective effects of CBD seem to be mediated by the activation of ERK and AKT/mTOR pathways. The treatment with AKT1/2 inhibitor and the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin abolished CBD protective effects. The CBD-induced ERK activation may be mediated by CBD interaction with CB2 and TRPV1. We also investigated the protein levels of the autophagic proteins LC3 and beclin 1. CBD reduced the MPP+-induced increase of LC3 by CB2 and TRPV1 receptors. These data suggested the involvement of ERK in the modulation of autophagy. However, beclin 1 levels were not modified neither by MPP+ nor by CBD. These results indicated that CBD may exert preventive and protective actions in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Gugliandolo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Pollastro
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
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16
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Wang Z, Yang C, Liu J, Chun-Kit Tong B, Zhu Z, Malampati S, Gopalkrishnashetty Sreenivasmurthy S, Cheung KH, Iyaswamy A, Su C, Lu J, Song J, Li M. A Curcumin Derivative Activates TFEB and Protects Against Parkinsonian Neurotoxicity in Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041515. [PMID: 32098449 PMCID: PMC7073207 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
TFEB (transcription factor EB), which is a master regulator of autophagy and lysosome biogenesis, is considered to be a new therapeutic target for Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, only several small-molecule TFEB activators have been discovered and their neuroprotective effects in PD are unclear. In this study, a curcumin derivative, named E4, was identified as a potent TFEB activator. Compound E4 promoted the translocation of TFEB from cytoplasm into nucleus, accompanied by enhanced autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis. Moreover, TFEB knockdown effectively attenuated E4-induced autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis. Mechanistically, E4-induced TFEB activation is mainly through AKT-MTORC1 inhibition. In the PD cell models, E4 promoted the degradation of α-synuclein and protected against the cytotoxicity of MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion) in neuronal cells. Overall, the TFEB activator E4 deserves further study in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases, including PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Wang
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 000000, China; (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (B.C.-K.T.); (Z.Z.); (S.M.); (S.G.S.); (K.-H.C.); (A.I.); (C.S.)
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Chuanbin Yang
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 000000, China; (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (B.C.-K.T.); (Z.Z.); (S.M.); (S.G.S.); (K.-H.C.); (A.I.); (C.S.)
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 000000, China; (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (B.C.-K.T.); (Z.Z.); (S.M.); (S.G.S.); (K.-H.C.); (A.I.); (C.S.)
| | - Benjamin Chun-Kit Tong
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 000000, China; (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (B.C.-K.T.); (Z.Z.); (S.M.); (S.G.S.); (K.-H.C.); (A.I.); (C.S.)
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Zhou Zhu
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 000000, China; (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (B.C.-K.T.); (Z.Z.); (S.M.); (S.G.S.); (K.-H.C.); (A.I.); (C.S.)
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Sandeep Malampati
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 000000, China; (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (B.C.-K.T.); (Z.Z.); (S.M.); (S.G.S.); (K.-H.C.); (A.I.); (C.S.)
| | - Sravan Gopalkrishnashetty Sreenivasmurthy
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 000000, China; (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (B.C.-K.T.); (Z.Z.); (S.M.); (S.G.S.); (K.-H.C.); (A.I.); (C.S.)
| | - King-Ho Cheung
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 000000, China; (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (B.C.-K.T.); (Z.Z.); (S.M.); (S.G.S.); (K.-H.C.); (A.I.); (C.S.)
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Ashok Iyaswamy
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 000000, China; (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (B.C.-K.T.); (Z.Z.); (S.M.); (S.G.S.); (K.-H.C.); (A.I.); (C.S.)
| | - Chengfu Su
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 000000, China; (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (B.C.-K.T.); (Z.Z.); (S.M.); (S.G.S.); (K.-H.C.); (A.I.); (C.S.)
| | - Jiahong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 000000, China;
| | - Juxian Song
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 000000, China; (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (B.C.-K.T.); (Z.Z.); (S.M.); (S.G.S.); (K.-H.C.); (A.I.); (C.S.)
- Medical College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Min Li
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 000000, China; (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (B.C.-K.T.); (Z.Z.); (S.M.); (S.G.S.); (K.-H.C.); (A.I.); (C.S.)
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (M.L.)
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Cerri S, Blandini F. Role of Autophagy in Parkinson's Disease. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:3702-3718. [PMID: 29484979 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180226094351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential catabolic mechanism that delivers misfolded proteins and damaged organelles to the lysosome for degradation. Autophagy pathways include macroautophagy, chaperone-mediated autophagy and microautophagy, each involving different mechanisms of substrate delivery to lysosome. Defects of these pathways and the resulting accumulation of protein aggregates represent a common pathobiological feature of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer, Parkinson and Huntington disease. This review provides an overview of the role of autophagy in Parkinson's disease (PD) by summarizing the most relevant genetic and experimental evidence showing how this process can contribute to disease pathogenesis. Given lysosomes take part in the final step of the autophagic process, the role of lysosomal defects in the impairment of autophagy and their impact on disease will also be discussed. A glance on the role of non-neuronal autophagy in the pathogenesis of PD will be included. Moreover, we will examine novel pharmacological targets and therapeutic strategies that, by boosting autophagy, may be theoretically beneficial for PD. Special attention will be focused on natural products, such as phenolic compounds, that are receiving increasing consideration due to their potential efficacy associated with low toxicity. Although many efforts have been made to elucidate autophagic process, the development of new therapeutic interventions requires a deeper understanding of the mechanisms that may lead to autophagy defects in PD and should take into account the multifactorial nature of the disease as well as the phenotypic heterogeneity of PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cerri
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabio Blandini
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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18
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Dong H, Qin Y, Huang Y, Ji D, Wu F. Poloxamer 188 rescues MPTP-induced lysosomal membrane integrity impairment in cellular and mouse models of Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Int 2019; 126:178-186. [PMID: 30904670 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Rupture of lysosome is a major cellular stress condition leading to cell death in PD. We have previously shown that environmental oxidative toxins could impair autophagic flux and lysosomal functions in PD. Poloxamer 188 (P188) is an amphipathic polymer which has cytoprotective effect in traumatic brain injury and stroke. But whether Dyrk1A could rescue lysosome malfunction-mediated DA neuron death and α-synuclein aggregation in PD is still unknown. In the present study, MPTP mice models and MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells were used for study, and we found that P188 rescued MPP+-induced lysosomal dysfunction and impaired autophagy flux in mild MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells. P188 administration significantly restored lysosomal membrane integrity and prevented cathepsins leakage from the lysosomes into the cytoplasm, which triggered caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death in sub-acute MPTP mouse model and MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, P188 ameliorated α-synuclein accumulation and behavioral impairment in chronic MPTP mouse model with MPTP and probenecid treatment. P188 could alleviate MPTP-induced DA neurons damage by restoring lysosome function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Dong
- Encephalopathy Department, Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The Hospital in Suzhou Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine), 18 Yangsu Road, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The Hospital in Suzhou Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine), 18 Yangsu Road, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Yuyu Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The Hospital in Suzhou Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine), 18 Yangsu Road, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Dongliang Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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19
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Pupyshev AB, Tikhonova MA, Akopyan AA, Tenditnik MV, Dubrovina NI, Korolenko TA. Therapeutic activation of autophagy by combined treatment with rapamycin and trehalose in a mouse MPTP-induced model of Parkinson's disease. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 177:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Kotake Y. [Neurotoxicity Mechanism of Environmental Chemicals and Its Evaluation System]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2018; 138:1227-1233. [PMID: 30270264 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.18-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
It is pivotal to assess the toxicity and safety of chemicals, including medicines, in the research field of environmental health science. Here we introduce neurotoxic mechanisms in mammals of environmental organotin and Parkinson's disease-related chemicals. We clarified that low concentrations of tributyltin decrease α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptor subunit GluA2 (GluR2) expression, leading to the vulnerability of cultured neurons. That is, tributyltin reduces GluA2 prior to neuronal death. This GluA2 decrease can be used as a sensitive evaluation index of neurotoxicity, since low levels of certain chemicals, for example some agrochemicals, decrease GluA2 expression. We also elucidated the mechanisms of abnormal protein metabolism induced by low levels of two Parkinson's disease-related chemicals: 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives. It is expected that these findings will become clues in accurately evaluating the toxicity of chemicals and/or in investigating the causes of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaichiro Kotake
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
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21
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Wu KC, Liou HH, Lee CY, Lin CJ. Down-regulation of natural resistance-associated macrophage protein-1 (Nramp1) is associated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)/1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP + )-induced α-synuclein accumulation and neurotoxicity. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2018; 45:157-173. [PMID: 29679389 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The accumulation of α-synuclein is a hallmark in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein-1 (Nramp1) was previously shown to contribute to the degradation of extracellular α-synuclein in microglia under conditions of iron overload. This study was aimed at investigating the role of Nramp1 in α-synuclein pathology in the neurone under 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)/1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+ ) treatment. METHODS The expression of Nramp1 and pathological features (including iron and α-synuclein accumulation) were examined in the dopaminergic neurones of humans (with and without PD) and of mice [with and without receiving chronic MPTP intoxication]. The effects of Nramp1 expression on low-dose MPP+ -induced α-synuclein expression and neurotoxicity were determined in human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. RESULTS Similar to the findings in the substantia nigra of human PD, lower expression of Nramp1 but higher levels of iron and α-synuclein were identified in the dopaminergic neurones of mice receiving chronic MPTP intoxication, compared to controls. In parallel to the loss of dopaminergic neurones, the numbers of glial fibrillary acidic protein- and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1-positive cells were significantly increased in the substantia nigra of MPTP-treated mice. Likewise, in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells exposed to low-dose MPP+ , Nramp1 expression and cathepsin D activity were decreased, along with an increase in α-synuclein protein expression and aggregation. Overexpression of functional Nramp1 restored cathepsin D activity and attenuated α-synuclein up-regulation and neuronal cell death caused by MPP+ treatment. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the neuronal expression of Nramp1 is important for protecting against the development of MPTP/MPP+ -induced α-synuclein pathology and neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-C Wu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H-H Liou
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-Y Lee
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-J Lin
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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22
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Gao F, Yang J, Wang D, Li C, Fu Y, Wang H, He W, Zhang J. Mitophagy in Parkinson's Disease: Pathogenic and Therapeutic Implications. Front Neurol 2017; 8:527. [PMID: 29046661 PMCID: PMC5632845 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurons affected in Parkinson’s disease (PD) experience mitochondrial dysfunction and bioenergetic deficits that occur early and promote the disease-related α-synucleinopathy. Emerging findings suggest that the autophagy-lysosome pathway, which removes damaged mitochondria (mitophagy), is also compromised in PD and results in the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria. Studies using genetic-modulated or toxin-induced animal and cellular models as well as postmortem human tissue indicate that impaired mitophagy might be a critical factor in the pathogenesis of synaptic dysfunction and the aggregation of misfolded proteins, which in turn impairs mitochondrial homeostasis. Interventions that stimulate mitophagy to maintain mitochondrial health might, therefore, be used as an approach to delay the neurodegenerative processes in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Gao
- Department of Immunology, Research Center on Pediatric Development and Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Yang
- Department of Immunology, Research Center on Pediatric Development and Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Department of Immunology, Research Center on Pediatric Development and Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Immunology, Research Center on Pediatric Development and Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Immunology, Research Center on Pediatric Development and Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Huaishan Wang
- Department of Immunology, Research Center on Pediatric Development and Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Immunology, Research Center on Pediatric Development and Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Research Center on Pediatric Development and Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing, China
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Maulik M, Mitra S, Bult-Ito A, Taylor BE, Vayndorf EM. Behavioral Phenotyping and Pathological Indicators of Parkinson's Disease in C. elegans Models. Front Genet 2017; 8:77. [PMID: 28659967 PMCID: PMC5468440 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with symptoms that progressively worsen with age. Pathologically, PD is characterized by the aggregation of α-synuclein in cells of the substantia nigra in the brain and loss of dopaminergic neurons. This pathology is associated with impaired movement and reduced cognitive function. The etiology of PD can be attributed to a combination of environmental and genetic factors. A popular animal model, the nematode roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, has been frequently used to study the role of genetic and environmental factors in the molecular pathology and behavioral phenotypes associated with PD. The current review summarizes cellular markers and behavioral phenotypes in transgenic and toxin-induced PD models of C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malabika Maulik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanks, AK, United States
| | - Swarup Mitra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanks, AK, United States
| | - Abel Bult-Ito
- Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanks, AK, United States
| | - Barbara E Taylor
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Long BeachLong Beach, CA, United States
| | - Elena M Vayndorf
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanks, AK, United States
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Sakamoto S, Miyara M, Sanoh S, Ohta S, Kotake Y. Mild MPP + exposure-induced glucose starvation enhances autophagosome synthesis and impairs its degradation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46668. [PMID: 28443637 PMCID: PMC5405408 DOI: 10.1038/srep46668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, mainly characterised by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. MPP+ has been widely used as a PD-related neurotoxin, and their reports suggested the several hypotheses for neuronal cell death. However, most of these hypotheses come from the studies about the acute MPP+ exposure. We previously revealed that mild MPP+ exposure (10 and 200 μM), which induces gradual cell death, impairs autophagosome degradation at 48 h. In the present study, we further investigated the specific events of mild MPP+ exposure and revealed that mild MPP+ exposure causes the cell death through glucose starvation, but not acute toxic model (2.5 and 5 mM). At 36 h after mild MPP+ exposure, autophagosome synthesis was enhanced owing to glucose starvation and continued to enhance until 48 h, despite impaired autophagosome degradation. Inhibition of autophagosome synthesis reduced mild MPP+-induced cell death. In conclusion, we clarified that glucose starvation-enhanced autophagosome synthesis occurs at an earlier stage than impaired autophagosome degradation and is important in mild MPP+ toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichiro Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Miyara
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.,Global Career Design Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 739-8514, Japan
| | - Seigo Sanoh
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Shigeru Ohta
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yaichiro Kotake
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
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