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Zhu X, Liu Q, Zhu F, Jiang R, Lu Z, Wang C, Gong P, Yao Q, Xia T, Sun J, Ju F, Wang D, Sun R, Zhou Y, You B, Shi W. An engineered cellular carrier delivers miR-138-5p to enhance mitophagy and protect hypoxic-injured neurons via the DNMT3A/Rhebl1 axis. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00442-2. [PMID: 39122135 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Mitophagy influences the progression and prognosis of ischemic stroke (IS). However, whether DNA methylation in the brain is associated with altered mitophagy in hypoxia-injured neurons remains unclear. Here, miR-138-5p was found to be highly expressed in exosomes secreted by astrocytes stimulated with oxygen and glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R), which could influence the recovery of OGD/R-injured neurons through autophagy. Mechanistically, miR-138-5p promotes the stable expression of Ras homolog enriched in brain like 1(Rhebl1) through DNA-methyltransferase-3a (DNMT3A), thereby enhancing ubiquitin-dependent mitophagy to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. Furthermore, we employed glycosylation engineering and bioorthogonal click reactions to load mirna onto the surface of microglia and deliver them to injured region utilising the inflammatory chemotactic properties of microglia to achieve drug-targeted delivery to the central nervous system (CNS). Our findings demonstrate miR-138-5p improves mitochondrial function in neurons through the miR-138-5p/DNMT3A/Rhebl1 axis. Additionally, our engineered cell vector-targeted delivery system could be promising for treating IS. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, we demonstrated that miR-138-5p in exosomes secreted by astrocytes under hypoxia plays a critical role in the treatment of hypoxia-injured neurons. And we find a new target of miR-138-5p, DNMT3A, which affects neuronal mitophagy and thus exerts a protective effect by regulating the methylation of Rbebl1. Furthermore, we have developed a carrier delivery system by combining miR-138-5p with the cell membrane of microglia and utilized the inflammatory chemotactic properties of microglia to deliver this system to the brain via intravenous injection. This groundbreaking study not only provides a novel therapeutic approach for ischemia-reperfusion treatment but also establishes a solid theoretical foundation for further research on targeted drug delivery for central nervous system diseases with promising clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjia Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Neuro-Microscopy and Minimally Invasive Translational Medicine Innovation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, PR China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Neuro-Microscopy and Minimally Invasive Translational Medicine Innovation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, PR China
| | - Fengwei Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Neuro-Microscopy and Minimally Invasive Translational Medicine Innovation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, PR China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, 224001, Yancheng, PR China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Neuro-Microscopy and Minimally Invasive Translational Medicine Innovation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, PR China
| | - Zhichao Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Neuro-Microscopy and Minimally Invasive Translational Medicine Innovation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, PR China
| | - Chenxing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Neuro-Microscopy and Minimally Invasive Translational Medicine Innovation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, PR China
| | - Peipei Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Neuro-Microscopy and Minimally Invasive Translational Medicine Innovation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, PR China
| | - Qi Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Neuro-Microscopy and Minimally Invasive Translational Medicine Innovation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, PR China
| | - Tian Xia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, PR China
| | - Jie Sun
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, PR China
| | - Fei Ju
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, PR China
| | - Defeng Wang
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, PR China
| | - Ruifan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Neuro-Microscopy and Minimally Invasive Translational Medicine Innovation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, PR China
| | - Youlang Zhou
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, PR China.
| | - Bo You
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, PR China.
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Neuro-Microscopy and Minimally Invasive Translational Medicine Innovation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, PR China.
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He W, Cheng Y, Lai Y. CircRNA_102046 Affects the Occurrence and Development of Ischemic Stroke by Regulating the miR-493-5p/ROCK1 Signaling. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024; 24:280-290. [PMID: 38376771 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-024-09831-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
In our previous studies, the results have revealed that circRNA_102046 is significantly upregulated in plasma of patients with ischemic stroke, which closely related to NIHSS score. Human neural stem cells (hNSCs) were used for characterization and subcellular localization of circRNA_102046, and hNSCs OGD/R model was generated. The proliferation of cells was examined by CCK-8 assay. The expression levels of associated molecules were evaluated using RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence staining or western blotting. The binding and co-localization of associated molecules were also evaluated by RIP and FISH assay. Furthermore, MCAO mouse model was established to examine the effects of circRNA_102046 on the progression of ischemic stroke. Expression of circRNA_102046 was detected in the cytoplasma of hNSCs. Then OGD/R cell model was established, where the levels of circRNA_102046 was significantly up-regulated. Furthermore, knockdown of circRNA_102046 was able to enhance the proliferation and differentiation of OGD/R hNSCs. In further downstream molecular studies, the results indicated that circRNA_102046 could participate in the occurrence and development of ischemic stroke through targeting miR-493-5p. In addition, ROCK1 was identified as the putative target of miR-493-5p, and circRNA_102046 regulates the proliferation and differentiation of hNSCs via the miR-493-5p/ROCK1 signaling. More importantly, the infarct volumes of MCAO mice were remarkably reduced after the treatment with sh-circRNA_102046, which also up- and down-regulate the expression of miR-493-5p and ROCK1, respectively. Elucidating this novel pathway provides a theoretical basis for the development of new diagnostic approach and targeted treatment for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao He
- Department of General Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Yuanyuan Cheng
- Department of General Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, China.
| | - Yujie Lai
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, China
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Lin W, Zhao XY, Cheng JW, Li LT, Jiang Q, Zhang YX, Han F. Signaling pathways in brain ischemia: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 251:108541. [PMID: 37783348 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke occurs when the arteries supplying blood to the brain are narrowed or blocked, inducing damage to brain tissue due to a lack of blood supply. One effective way to reduce brain damage and alleviate symptoms is to reopen blocked blood vessels in a timely manner and reduce neuronal damage. To achieve this, researchers have focused on identifying key cellular signaling pathways that can be targeted with drugs. These pathways include oxidative/nitrosative stress, excitatory amino acids and their receptors, inflammatory signaling molecules, metabolic pathways, ion channels, and other molecular events involved in stroke pathology. However, evidence suggests that solely focusing on protecting neurons may not yield satisfactory clinical results. Instead, researchers should consider the multifactorial and complex mechanisms underlying stroke pathology, including the interactions between different components of the neurovascular unit. Such an approach is more representative of the actual pathological process observed in clinical settings. This review summarizes recent research on the multiple molecular mechanisms and drug targets in ischemic stroke, as well as recent advances in novel therapeutic strategies. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future prospects of new strategies based on the biological characteristics of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Lin
- Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, China; International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Zhao
- Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, China; International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jia-Wen Cheng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Li-Tao Li
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Quan Jiang
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yi-Xuan Zhang
- Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, China; International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China.
| | - Feng Han
- Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, China; International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China; Institute of Brain Science, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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