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Patent Highlights June–July 2022. Pharm Pat Anal 2022; 12:5-11. [PMID: 36511078 DOI: 10.4155/ppa-2022-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A snapshot of noteworthy recent developments in the patent literature of relevance to pharmaceutical and medical research and development.
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Ghazipour AM, Pourheydar B, Naderi R. The effect of tropisetron on peripheral diabetic neuropathy: possible protective actions against inflammation and apoptosis. Cell Stress Chaperones 2022; 27:513-521. [PMID: 35972643 PMCID: PMC9485520 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-022-01287-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common nerve disorder of diabetes. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effects of tropisetron in DPN. Type 1 diabetes was created by a single injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg, ip). Tropisetron (3 mg/kg, ip) was administered daily for 2 weeks. Our analysis showed that nerve fibers and their myelin sheaths were thinned with decreased myelinated fiber number in diabetic animals. The intensity of Bcl-2 staining decreased and the intensity of Bax staining increased in the sciatic nerves of diabetic rats by using immunohistochemical staining. Furthermore, diabetes significantly increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1-β (TNFα and IL-1β) and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in sciatic nerves of rats. However, intraperitoneal injection of tropisetron significantly reversed these alterations induced by diabetes. These findings suggest that tropisetron attenuates diabetes-induced peripheral nerve injury through its anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, and may provide a novel therapeutic strategy to ameliorate the process of peripheral neuropathy in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bagher Pourheydar
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Roya Naderi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Mustapha OA, Olude MA, Ezekiel S, Seeger J, Fietz SA, Olopade JO. Developmental horizons in the pre-natal development of the Greater cane rat (Thryonomys swinderianus). Anat Histol Embryol 2019; 48:486-497. [PMID: 31314146 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The Greater cane rat (GCR, Thyronomys swinderianus) is a precocial rodent predominantly found within Africa. Economic and scientific interests have led to several research efforts towards the domestication and better understanding of the biology and development of this rodent. Despite these efforts, information on the pre-natal development of this rodent is currently lacking. This study characterises distinct developmental milestones including skin pigmentation, emergence and distributions of hairs, calvarium consistency, teeth eruption, development of appendages, sensory organs and external genitalia in the pre-natal GCR and assesses quantitative body parameters, that is body weight, body and crown-rump lengths across its entire gestation length (gestation days [GDs] 10-140). Using these external features, we provide baseline reference ontogenetic scales for GCR embryos and fetuses, employable for stage, age and sex estimation of the pre-natal GCR in future studies. We observed that the first evidence of an embryo was not seen before the end of the first trimester (GD50) and that the late second trimester (GD80-GD100) marks the transition from embryogenesis to fetogenesis in the GCR. As both events occur at a much later developmental time point when compared to precocial non-rodents including human, sheep and pig and slightly later when compared to other precocial rodents such as guinea pig, our data provide first indication that the pre-natal GCR development might be associated with a reproductive delay. Together, this study expands our knowledge of the development and biology of the GCR, which will improve reproductive and breeding management, and native species conservation of this hystricomorph mammal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseun A Mustapha
- Neuroscience Unit, Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria.,Neuroscience Unit, Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.,Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthew A Olude
- Neuroscience Unit, Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Samuel Ezekiel
- Neuroscience Unit, Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Johannes Seeger
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Simone A Fietz
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - James O Olopade
- Neuroscience Unit, Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
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