Histology of dental long-period biorhythms in Canis familiaris

A wolf from Gravettian site Pavlov I, Czech Republic: Approach to skull pathology

OBJECTIVE

Describe pathological features on internal and external aspects of the skull of an ancient grey wolf.

MATERIALS

Wolf remains that were found at the southwestern settlement Area A of Gravettian site Pavlov I.

METHODS

Visual observation and description; microcomputed tomography; porosity and fragmentation indices for internal and external skull features; histological section of the fourth upper premolar tooth.

RESULTS

Dorsally, the sagittal crest revealed bone healing and remodeling. The sagittal lesion differential diagnosis was blunt trauma with or without fracture. Ventrally, otic region pathology included severe proliferation and lysis (osteomyelitis). The pathology was not resolvable among differential (microbial) causes of osteomyelitis, although other potential etiologies were ruled out.

CONCLUSIONS

Probable first report of otic region osteomyelitis in an ancient grey wolf.

SIGNIFICANCE

The proximity of the wolf remains to human-related findings, and presence of red ochre and shells, suggest human involvement in the burial.

LIMITATIONS

This is a single specimen with differential diagnoses that were not resolvable to a single definitive diagnosis.

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH

Further investigation of the possible anthropological significance of the burial circumstances.

Enamel multidien biological timing and body size variability among individuals of Chinese Han and Tibetan origins

AIMS

To measure the number of days of enamel formation between periodic striae of Retzius growth lines, the Retzius periodicity (RP), and to compare this multi-day, or multidien rhythm, to body height and weight among people from Beijing, China and Lhasa, Tibet/China.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS

Subjects requiring dental extractions from clinics in Beijing, China (N = 338) and Lhasa, Tibet/China (N = 227) provided a tooth and body size information. Multiple observers examined histological sections of the teeth and recorded RP. RP values were statistically compared to body height and weight.

RESULTS

In Beijing and Lhasa samples, respectively, average height was 166.38 and 165.70 cm, average weight was 59.53 and 66.53 kg, and average RP was 7.47 and 7.69 d. Statistically significant differences were found between Beijing and Lhasa weight and RP means. Correlations for height and weight against RP were significant, but only comparatively strong for height.

CONCLUSIONS

Supporting the negative correlation presented in previous studies, RP is negatively associated with height and weight among a large intraspecific sample of people from Beijing and Lhasa. RP represents a metabolic-mediated multidien biological timing mechanism responsible for the rate of cell proliferation and maintenance of the body.