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Komurcugil I, Karaosmanoglu N. Evaluation of Serum Inflammatory Markers and Their Relationship to Treatment Response in Alopecia Areata Patients. Dermatol Pract Concept 2024; 14:dpc.1403a193. [PMID: 39122487 PMCID: PMC11313963 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1403a193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alopecia areata is a type of non-scarring alopecia which is thought to be associated with T-cell mediated immune response. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the levels of serum inflammatory markers before and after treatment in patients with alopecia areata. The study explored the utility of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in assessing the severity and treatment response in alopecia areata patients. METHODS The study included 60 alopecia areata patients and 40 control patients diagnosed with tinea unguium, aged between 18 and 65 years. Sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, and medical history were recorded for both groups. For alopecia areata patients, serum inflammatory markers were recorded before and at the third month of treatment. Serum inflammatory markers for the control group were also recorded. Furthermore, the Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score was calculated for alopecia areata patients before and at the third month of treatment. RESULTS The alopecia areata group had a significantly higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, mean platelet volume, and SII values compared to the control group, while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) values were significantly lower. Serum inflammatory markers, assessed at the third month of treatment in the alopecia areata group, were lower, and HDL values were significantly higher compared to pre-treatment levels. A statistically significant correlation was observed between disease severity and the SII. CONCLUSION The SII is a cost-effective marker that can be utilized in assessing the severity of alopecia areata and treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Icim Komurcugil
- Health Sciences University, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nermin Karaosmanoglu
- Health Sciences University, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Wang Y, Hu Y, Shen M, Cai Y, Li Z, Xue C, Tan X, Song J. The peripheral immune cell counts and mouth ulcers: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23430. [PMID: 38173507 PMCID: PMC10761572 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study explored the causal association of peripheral immune cell counts with mouth ulcers (MUs) by two-sample Mendelian Randomization. Design The counts of 12 circulating immune cell types (leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, basophils, CD4+ cells, CD8+ cells, unswitched memory B cells, NK cells, B cells and a derived ratio (CD4+/CD8+)) were determined as the exposure. MUs were the outcome. The analysis was conducted mostly using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) approach. MR Egger, weighted median, weighted mode and simple mode were used to detect the horizontal pleiotropy. Results The IVW results for leukocytes and lymphocyte counts were OR = 0.93, 95 % CI = 0.88-0.98, p = 0.0115 and OR = 0.91, 95 % CI: 0.84-0.98, p = 0.0150, respectively. The Wald ratio result for CD4+ cell and CD8+ cell counts were OR = 0.70, 95 % CI: 0.65-0.75, p = 1.05 × 10-20 and OR = 1.25, 95 % CI: 1.19-1.31, p = 9.99 × 10-21, respectively. Conclusions This study supports a causal effect of peripheral immune cell counts on MUs. Higher leukocyte, lymphocyte and CD4+ cell counts can protect against MUs, but higher CD8+ cell counts enhance the risk of MUs. This finding confirms host immune factors play a crucial role in the aetiology of MUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Wang
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Stomatology of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hu
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Stomatology of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Mengxuan Shen
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Stomatology of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yang Cai
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Stomatology of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Stomatology of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Changyue Xue
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Tan
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Stomatology of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jukun Song
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Stomatology of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Yao H, Deng Y, Du G, Wang Y, Tang G. Elevated serum fibrinogen levels in Chinese patients with minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis: An observational study. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e14915. [PMID: 37638770 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Fibrinogen is a protein that reflects systemic inflammation and regulates the immune response to disease. However, there is a scarcity of data on fibrinogen in recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). We aimed to test the hypothesis that fibrinogen is involved in the aetiology of RAS. Between November 2016 and November 2018, we included 109 minor RAS patients and 29 age- and sex-matched controls in a single-center, observational study. Their clinical history and ulcer manifestations led to the diagnosis of minor RAS. The ulcer severity score (USS) was used to assess disease severity, and fibrinogen was also collected. We conducted three analyses: Analysis 1 (comparison of fibrinogen levels between patients and controls), Analysis 2 (comparison of fibrinogen levels between high and low USS patients) and Analysis 3 (comparison of fibrinogen levels between before and after anti-inflammatory treatment in patients). The fibrinogen levels in the 109 minor RAS patients were statistically higher than in the 29 controls (mean [SD], 2.6 [0.5] vs. 2.3 [0.3]; Student's t-test, p < 0.001). However, there were no significant differences in fibrinogen levels among the 43 patients with high USS and the 39 patients with low USS (mean [SD], 2.7 [0.5] vs. 2.6 [0.4]; Student's t-test, p = 0.278). Furthermore, fibrinogen levels were significantly higher before anti-inflammatory treatment in comparison to those after anti-inflammatory treatment in the 35 paired patients (mean [SD], 2.6 [0.4] vs. 2.5 [0.4]; Student's t-test, p = 0.026). Interestingly, fibrinogen levels were significantly higher in the 35 paired patients after anti-inflammatory treatment compared to the 29 control subjects (mean [SD], 2.5 [0.4] vs. 2.3 [0.3]; Student's t-test, p = 0.026]. Fibrinogen may play a role in the aetiology of RAS and may be a drug target for RAS treatment. Clinicians should be alert that high serum fibrinogen levels might be associated with the risk of RAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yao
- Department of Oral Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwen Deng
- Department of Oral Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanhuan Du
- Department of Oral Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoyao Tang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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Liu Y, Qv W, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Ding C, Chu M, Chen F. The interplay between oral microbes and immune responses. Front Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1009018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral microbes play a critical role in maintaining oral homeostasis. Microbial dysbiosis promotes disease pathogenesis through several mechanisms. Recent studies have revealed that microbial imbalance and sustained inflammation are involved in disease progression. The adverse interaction triggered by a host immune response to microorganisms can lead to oral and systemic diseases. Here, we reviewed how oral microbes communicate with hosts during the development of local and distant inflammation. Elucidation of these processes may reveal future directions in this field and the potential targets of novel biological therapies for oral and systemic diseases.
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Turan Ç, Coşansu NC, Yüksekal G. The SII reflects inflammation in acne vulgaris, but fails to determine categorical severity. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:6385-6392. [PMID: 35950891 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic Immune Inflammation Index (SII; calculated by multiplying neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet count) has been investigated as a marker of inflammation. AIM we aimed to investigate the relationship of SII with acne severity and whether it can be used as a practical method in determining categorical acne severity. MATERIALS AND METHODS All participants (aged 15-30 years, n = 212) were prospectively evaluated with acne severity scales, including the Global Acne-Grading System (GAGS), the Comprehensive Acne Severity Scale (CASS), and the Patient-centered Acne Severity Scale. Patients were grouped according to GAGS: healthy individuals (n = 53), patients with mild (n = 44), moderate (n = 86), and severe acne (n = 29). Patients' hemogram data obtained simultaneously with the physical examination were used in the analysis. RESULTS The groups were statistically similar in terms of age and gender, both according to acne severity and current lesion types. The neutrophil count was significantly higher in patients with nodulocystic acne than in acne patients with non-inflammatory lesions or healthy individuals (p: 0.022). SII was significantly higher in acne patients with nodulocystic lesions than in individuals with milder lesions, both non-inflammatory and inflammatory (p = 0.004). SII was weakly significantly correlated with GAGS, CASS, and the number of nodulocystic lesions (r = 0.164, p = 0.018; r = 0.147, p = 0.034; r = 0.222, p = 0.001). However, none of the hemogram parameters, including SII, differed in classifying acne severity according to GAGS (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Systemic immune inflammation index may be a new and reliable inflammatory marker to reflect the severity of inflammation, especially in patients with nodulocystic acne, although it is not useful in categorizing acne severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çağrı Turan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Nur Cihan Coşansu
- Department of Dermatology, Education and Research Hospital, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Gülcan Yüksekal
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Yenikent State Hospital, Sakarya, Turkey
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