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Allen DH, Arthur EK, Blazey M, Brassil K, Cahill JE, Cooley ME, Fadol AP, Hammer MJ, Hartranft S, Murphy B, Nolan TS, Sun V, Whisenant M, Yoder LH. A scoping review on the nurse scientist role within healthcare systems. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2023; 20:47-55. [PMID: 36617530 DOI: 10.1111/wvn.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of the nurse scientist in the clinical setting is not well defined, which contributes to variability in role implementation, scope, administration, funding, and affiliation across healthcare sites. AIMS The aim of this scoping review was to identify attributes of the clinical nurse scientist role and its operationalization in the clinical setting through available evidence. METHODS A comprehensive, computerized search of the literature in PubMed, Medline, and CINAHL was conducted in early May 2020 by a medical research librarian and repeated in July 2021 and April 2022. The 5-step framework described by Arskey and O'Malley guided the review methodology. Two reviewers conducted an independent screen of all articles, followed by a full-text review of eligible articles by two independent reviewers each using a standardized data extraction template. Themes were then organized and synthesized using descriptive content analysis from the included articles. RESULTS A final sample of 55 full-text articles were included in the review. Overall, the findings suggest that the nurse scientist role in a clinical setting can be challenging to implement in complex healthcare environments. Successful models include the nurse scientist in a leadership role, alignment of research with institutional priorities, and strong support from senior leadership. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION Findings suggest that standardized guidelines are lacking to govern the implementation of the nurse scientist role in the clinical setting. To succeed, the nurse scientist role must be valued and supported by organizational leaders. Further, access to resources to build infrastructure must be provided. The magnitude and scope of individual organizational support can be tailored based on the resources of the institution; however, the foundation of having institutional leadership support is critical to role success of the clinical nurse researcher.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Meghan Blazey
- University of Rochester School of Nursing, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Kelly Brassil
- Pack Health, A Quest Diagnostics Company, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jennifer E Cahill
- Mass General Hospital, Yvonne L. Munn Cancer for Nursing Research, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mary E Cooley
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Phyllis F. Cantor Center for Research in Nursing and Patient Care Services, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anecita P Fadol
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Nursing and Cardiology, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Marilyn J Hammer
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Phyllis F. Cantor Center for Research in Nursing and Patient Care Services, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sue Hartranft
- Moffitt Cancer Center, Nursing Research Department, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Beverly Murphy
- Duke University Medical Library, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Timiya S Nolan
- The Ohio State University College of Nursing, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Virginia Sun
- City of Hope Division of Nursing Research and Education, Department of Population Sciences and Department of Surgery, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Meagan Whisenant
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Cizik School of Nursing, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Linda H Yoder
- University of Texas at Austin School of Nursing, Austin, Texas, USA
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