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Dafny HA, Waheed N, Cabilan CJ, Johnston S, Pearson V, Adams AM, Phillips C, Brown S, McCloud C. Effectiveness of interventions for the prevention or management of workplace violence in student nurses during clinical placement: A systematic review. J Adv Nurs 2024. [PMID: 39078141 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
AIM To systematically investigate the effectiveness of interventions for managing workplace violence experienced by registered nursing students during clinical placement. DESIGN A systematic review of experimental studies. METHODS The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The key search concepts such as "Nursing students", "Education", "workplace violence", "clinical placement" and "clinical study" were inspected to identify relevant articles (Appendix A). Two independent reviewers completed screening, critical appraisal and data extraction. Due to heterogeneity among the included studies, results were synthesized narratively. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Web of Science Core Collection (Clarivate Analytics), Scopus (Elsevier), Embase (Ovid), Cochrane CENTRAL, ERIC (ProQuest), ProQuest Central and ProQuest Social Science Premium Collection were searched from inception to 27th February 2023. RESULTS A total of 13 studies were included in this review. The predominant intervention for managing workplace violence experienced by registered nursing students during clinical placements was education. Approaches varied among studies and included didactic teaching, e-learning, role-playing and simulation practice. The included studies showed uncertain improvements in registered nursing students' confidence, coping skills, knowledge, competence and self-efficacy in dealing with workplace violence during clinical placements. Only one study assessed the incidence rate of workplace violence and found that a multi-faceted intervention involving both staff and students decreased the incidence. CONCLUSION Given the heterogeneity of educational interventions, the effect of interventions for managing workplace violence during students' clinical placement is uncertain. To address this gap, high-quality, proactive and combined interventions at both institutional and organizational levels are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hila Ariela Dafny
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
- Mparntwe Centre for Evidence in Health, Flinders University: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Alice Springs, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Nasreena Waheed
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
- College of Nursing, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - C J Cabilan
- Work Health and Safety, Occupational Violence Prevention and Management, Work Health and Safety, Canberra Health Services, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sandra Johnston
- School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vincent Pearson
- JBI, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Anne Mette Adams
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Craig Phillips
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Shannon Brown
- Research Engagement Team, Flinders University, Library, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Christine McCloud
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
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Dafny HA, McCloud C, Champion S, Pearson V, Hines S, Brown S, Phillips C, Waheed N, Cabilan CJ, Johnston S. Interventions to prevent or manage workplace violence against student nurses during clinical placement: a systematic review protocol. JBI Evid Synth 2024; 22:881-888. [PMID: 38126266 DOI: 10.11124/jbies-22-00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this review is to investigate the effectiveness of workplace violence management or prevention interventions, including strategies, protocols, and policies, to address violence against, and provide support to, registered nursing students (RNS) following incidents of violence during clinical placement. INTRODUCTION Workplace violence is a global issue that affects victims' physical and mental health. RNS are especially vulnerable to workplace violence because of their limited work experience and confidence. These students often feel shocked and unprepared when experiencing workplace violence due to limited education and support provided by educational institutions or clinical sites. Workplace violence can lead to anxiety, decreased confidence, and professional attrition. There is a need to systematically synthesize the evidence on workplace violence management and prevention to support nursing students during clinical placement. INCLUSION CRITERIA The review will consider studies assessing the effectiveness of interventions to address workplace violence or improve support for RNS. Studies that report on educational interventions or pre-clinical placement strategies and measure the preparedness of students will also be considered. Study designs will be limited to quantitative methods that evaluate intervention effectiveness. METHODS Databases to be searched include MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, Embase (Ovid), Cochrane Central, ERIC (ProQuest), ProQuest Central, ProQuest Social Science Premium Collection, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global. Two independent reviewers will screen, review, appraise, and extract data from eligible articles. For data synthesis, studies will be pooled using JBI SUMARI. The GRADE approach for grading the certainty of evidence will be followed and a Summary of Findings will be created. REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42022377318.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hila Ariela Dafny
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Mparntwe Centre for Evidence in Health, Flinders University: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Alice Springs, NT, Australia
| | - Christine McCloud
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Stephanie Champion
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Vincent Pearson
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sonia Hines
- Mparntwe Centre for Evidence in Health, Flinders University: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Alice Springs, NT, Australia
- Flinders Rural and Remote Health, NT, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Alice Springs, NT, Australia
| | - Shannon Brown
- Library, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Craig Phillips
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nasreena Waheed
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - C J Cabilan
- Princess Alexandra Hospital Emergency Department, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Sandra Johnston
- School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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Johnston S, Fox A, Patterson S, Jones R, Dafny H, Pich J, Duff J. Australian nursing students' experiences of workplace violence during clinical placement: A cross-sectional study. J Adv Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38571292 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
AIM To identify the nature, degree and contributing factors of workplace violence (WPV) incidents experienced by Australian nursing students during clinical placement. DESIGN Descriptive cross-sectional study. METHODS Data were collected from 13 September to 25 November 2022. Eligible participants included all nursing students enrolled in nursing degrees at any Australian university who had completed at least one clinical placement. An adapted version of the WPV in the Health Sector Country Case Study survey was used. RESULTS A total of 381 nursing students across eight states of Australia completed the survey. More than half of the students had experienced an episode of WPV; patients were the most frequent perpetrators. Personal factors of patients, staff and students, organizational factors and cultural norms within the workplace supported acts of WPV. CONCLUSION Student nurses (SNs) most often experience violence from patients during direct care. Patient encounters are the core component of clinical placement. Education providers have a responsibility to effectively prepare students to be able to identify escalating situations and manage potentially violent situations. Registered nurses who supervise students during clinical placement require support to balance their clinical role with student supervision. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION Experiencing WPV can negatively impact relationships between students, healthcare professionals and care recipients. This results in personal distress, decreased job satisfaction and potentially the decision to leave the nursing profession. IMPACT What already is known: SNs are exposed to WPV during clinical placement. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS More than half the SNs in this study experienced violence inclusive of physical, verbal, racial and sexual harassment. Patients were the predominant perpetrators. Implications for practice/policy: Interventions at individual and systemic levels are required to mitigate WPV. REPORTING METHOD This study is reported using the STROBE guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Johnston
- School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amanda Fox
- School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Susan Patterson
- School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rikki Jones
- School of Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hila Dafny
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Pich
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jed Duff
- School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Jones-Burkes A. It Is Time for Nurses to Advocate for Nurses. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2024; 62:3-4. [PMID: 38569097 DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20240229-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
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Gigli KH, Gonzalez JD. Experiences of Workplace Violence in Graduate Nursing Clinical Education. Nurse Educ 2024:00006223-990000000-00423. [PMID: 38502561 DOI: 10.1097/nne.0000000000001630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to workplace violence (WPV) is common in health care, and little is known about nurse practitioner (NP) students' experiences during graduate nursing clinical education. PURPOSE This study described experiences of WPV among NP students during their clinical education. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional, quantitative survey of a random sample of NPs licensed in Texas examining graduate nursing education experiences. RESULTS A total of 334 NPs responded, a 12% response rate. More than a quarter (27%) experienced WPV during their graduate nursing clinical experience. Preceptors were the most reported perpetrators (44%). Most NPs remained in their clinical site after their WPV experience (55%); a majority felt they had no alternative clinical placement option. CONCLUSIONS Nurse practitioner students experience WPV, and there may be implications for educational persistence and their careers. Future work should attempt to reduce the frequency of student WPV experiences and examine implications for NP careers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin H Gigli
- Assistant Professor (Dr Gigil), Graduate Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas; and Associate Professor (Dr Gonzalez), School of Nursing, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Lu X, Hou C, Bai D, Yang J, He J, Gong X, Cai M, Wang W, Gao J. Prevalence, associated factors, and nursing practice-related outcomes of workplace violence towards nursing students in clinical practice: A systematic review and meta-analysis. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2024; 133:106074. [PMID: 38150776 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2023.106074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the prevalence of Workplace violence (WPV) among nursing students in clinical practice, and examine the associated factors and nursing practice-related outcomes. DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis. REVIEW METHODS AND DATA SOURCES A comprehensive literature search was performed in nine databases from inception to Mar 2023. Two researchers independently screened studies, extracted data and assessed the quality of included studies. The random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of WPV. Separate analyses were conducted by WPV type and source. RESULTS 57 studies involving 23,451 nursing students were identified. The overall prevalence of WPV experienced and witnessed by nursing students was 45.37 % and 53.76 %, respectively, and 13.73 % were unsure if they had WPV. Psychological violence was the most prevalent form of WPV, but the prevalence of WPV also varied by setting and source, with obstetrics and gynaecology (41.25 %) being the most common settings and patients and their relatives (50.80 %) being the most common sources. When exposed to WPV, 65 % of nursing students did nothing except keep quiet, and 74 % did not report it. Concerning the associated factors of WPV, there were few reports on patient-related factors, and the selected studies focused primarily on nursing student- and occupational-related factors. Regarding nursing practice-related outcomes, WPV had a predominantly negative impact on nursing students' professional practice, but it also had a certain motivating effect. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis estimates the global prevalence, associated factors, and nursing practice-related outcomes of WPV among nursing students. The findings confirm the high prevalence of WPV; therefore, schools and institutions should prioritize WPV education and training. The hospital should then formulate WPV laws and regulations, enhance the WPV reporting procedure, and protect the rights and interests of nursing students. Finally, hospital administrators should employ individualized intervention strategies for nursing students based on the variables that affect them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianying Lu
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chaoming Hou
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Dingxi Bai
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jiali He
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gong
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mingjin Cai
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing Gao
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
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Chen TT, Xiao Y, Wu XH. It's time to protect nursing students from workplace violence. Int J Qual Health Care 2023; 35:mzad099. [PMID: 38048432 DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Chen
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610044, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Psychosomatic Medical Center, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, No. 8, Huli West Lane 1, Yingmenkou Road, Chengdu 610036, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Wu
- Nursing Department, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliate Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 55, Section 4, South Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China
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