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Lio A, Russo M, Sangiorgi B, Nicolò F, Chirichilli I, Irace F, Ranocchi F, Musumeci F. Robotic Mitral Valve Repair: Impact of Experience on Results and Complex Mitral Disease Treatment. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3744. [PMID: 38999310 PMCID: PMC11242621 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13133744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Robotically assisted mitral valve (MV) surgery is the least invasive surgical approach to the MV. The aim of the present study is to report our experience with robotically assisted MV repair, trying to define how experience could impact on postoperative results. Methods: This is a retrospective study on 144 patients who underwent robotic MV repair from November 2011 to March 2023. Patients were divided in two groups: Group 1, including 39 patients (November 2011-January 2013) operated using the Da Vinci Si system, and Group 2, including 105 patients operated (February 2020-March 2023) using the new Da Vinci Xi system. Results: Mean age was 58 ± 10 years. Increased use of external aortic clamp was observed in Group 2. A significant reduction of surgical times was observed: cardiopulmonary bypass time was 155 ± 44 min in Group 1 and 121 ± 36 min in Group 2 (p = 0.002), whereas cross-clamp time was 112 ± 25 min in Group 1 and 68 ± 39 min in Group 2 (p < 0.001). In-hospital mortality was 0.7%, and 10-year survival was 96 ± 2%. Freedom from reoperation was 100%. A higher percentage of complex and most complex MV repairs were performed in Group 2 (36% in Group 1 vs. 52% in Group 2, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Robotic-assisted MV repair is associated with excellent results. Experience is a key element to overcome the limitations of this technology. Finally, the robotic platform could improve results in difficult MV repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Lio
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Transplantation, S. Camillo Hospital, Circonvallazione Gianicolense 87, 00152 Rome, Italy; (M.R.); (B.S.); (F.N.); (I.C.); (F.I.); (F.R.); (F.M.)
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Tasoudis PT, Caranasos TG, Doulamis IP. Robotic applications for intracardiac and endovascular procedures. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2024; 34:110-117. [PMID: 36273775 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The large incisions and long recovery periods that accompany traditional cardiac surgery procedures along with the constant patient demand for minimally invasive procedures have motivated cardiac surgeons to implement the robotic technologies in their armamentarium. The robotic systems have been utilized successfully in various cardiac procedures including atrial septal defect repair, left atrial myxoma resection, MAZE procedure and left ventricular lead placement, yet coronary artery bypass and mitral valve repair still comprise the vast majority of them. This review analyzes the development of the robot-assisted cardiac surgery in recent years, its outcomes, advantages, disadvantages, its patient selection criteria as well as its economic feasibility. Robotic endovascular surgery, albeit its limited applications, is presently considered an attractive alternative to conventional endovascular approaches. The increased flexibility and precision along with the wider range of accessible anatomy provided by the endovascular robotic systems, have increased the pool of patients that can be offered minimally invasive treatment options and have helped to overcome many limitations of the traditional endovascular procedures. With this review we aimed to summarize the applications of the commercially available endovascular robotic devices, as well as the limitations and the future perspectives in the field of endovascular robotic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis T Tasoudis
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Thomas G Caranasos
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Ilias P Doulamis
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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Giroletti L, Brembilla V, Graniero A, Albano G, Villari N, Roscitano C, Parrinello M, Grazioli V, Lanzarone E, Agnino A. Learning Curve Analysis of Robotic-Assisted Mitral Valve Repair with COVID-19 Exogenous Factor: A Single Center Experience. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1568. [PMID: 37763687 PMCID: PMC10536190 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and objective Renewed interest in robot-assisted cardiac procedures has been demonstrated by several studies. However, concerns have been raised about the need for a long and complex learning curve. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 might have affected the learning curve of these procedures. In this study, we investigated the impact of COVID-19 on the learning curve of robotic-assisted mitral valve surgery (RAMVS). The aim was to understand whether or not the benefits of RAMVS are compromised by its learning curve. Materials and Methods Between May 2019 and March 2023, 149 patients underwent RAMVS using the Da Vinci® X Surgical System at the Humanitas Gavazzeni Hospital, Bergamo, Italy. The selection of patients enrolled in the study was not influenced by case complexity. Regression models were used to formalize the learning curves, where preoperative data along with date of surgery and presence of COVID-19 were treated as the input covariates, while intraoperative and postoperative data were analyzed as output variables. Results The age of patients was 59.1 ± 13.3 years, and 70.5% were male. In total, 38.2% of the patients were operated on during the COVID-19 pandemic. The statistical analysis showed the positive impact of the learning curve on the trend of postoperative parameters, progressively reducing times and other key indicators. Focusing on the COVID-19 pandemic, statistical analysis did not recognize an impact on postoperative outcomes, although it became clear that variables not directly related to the intervention, especially ICU hours, were strongly influenced by hospital logistics during COVID-19. Conclusions Understanding the learning curve of robotic surgical procedures is essential to ensure their effectiveness and benefits. The learning curve involves not only surgeons but also other health care providers, and establishing a stable team in the early stage, as in our case, is important to shorten the duration. In fact, an exogenous factor such as the COVID-19 pandemic did not affect the robotic program despite the fact that the pandemic occurred early in the program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Giroletti
- Division of Robotic and Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery, Humanitas Gavazzeni Hospital, 24125 Bergamo, Italy; (A.G.); (A.A.)
| | - Valentina Brembilla
- Department of Management, Information and Production Engineering, University of Bergamo, 24044 Dalmine (Bg), Italy; (V.B.); (E.L.)
| | - Ascanio Graniero
- Division of Robotic and Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery, Humanitas Gavazzeni Hospital, 24125 Bergamo, Italy; (A.G.); (A.A.)
| | - Giovanni Albano
- Division of Cardiac Anesthesia, Humanitas Gavazzeni Hospital, 24125 Bergamo, Italy; (G.A.); (N.V.); (C.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Nicola Villari
- Division of Cardiac Anesthesia, Humanitas Gavazzeni Hospital, 24125 Bergamo, Italy; (G.A.); (N.V.); (C.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Claudio Roscitano
- Division of Cardiac Anesthesia, Humanitas Gavazzeni Hospital, 24125 Bergamo, Italy; (G.A.); (N.V.); (C.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Matteo Parrinello
- Division of Cardiac Anesthesia, Humanitas Gavazzeni Hospital, 24125 Bergamo, Italy; (G.A.); (N.V.); (C.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Valentina Grazioli
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Humanitas Gavazzeni Hospital, 24125 Bergamo, Italy;
| | - Ettore Lanzarone
- Department of Management, Information and Production Engineering, University of Bergamo, 24044 Dalmine (Bg), Italy; (V.B.); (E.L.)
| | - Alfonso Agnino
- Division of Robotic and Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery, Humanitas Gavazzeni Hospital, 24125 Bergamo, Italy; (A.G.); (A.A.)
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van Kampen A, Goudot G, Butte S, Paneitz DC, Borger MA, Badhwar V, Sundt TM, Langer NB, Melnitchouk S. Building a successful minimally invasive mitral valve repair program before introducing the robotic approach: The Massachusetts General Hospital experience. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1113908. [PMID: 37025683 PMCID: PMC10070799 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1113908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) requiring surgical repair (MVr) are increasingly operated using minimally invasive strategies. Skill acquisition may be facilitated by a dedicated MVr program. We present here our institutional experience in establishing minimally invasive MVr (starting in 2014), laying the foundation to introduce robotic MVr. Methods We reviewed all patients that had undergone MVr for MVP via sternotomy or mini-thoracotomy between January 2013 and December 2020 at our institution. In addition, all cases of robotic MVr between January 2021 and August 2022 were analyzed. Case complexity, repair techniques, and outcomes are presented for the conventional sternotomy, right mini-thoracotomy and robotic approaches. A subgroup analysis comparing only isolated MVr cases via sternotomy vs. right mini-thoracotomy was conducted using propensity score matching. Results Between 2013 and 2020, 799 patients were operated for native MVP at our institution, of which 761 (95.2%) received planned MVr (263 [34.6%] via mini-thoracotomy) and 38 (4.8%) received planned MV replacement. With increasing proportions of minimally invasive procedures (2014: 14.8%, 2020: 46.5%), we observed a continuous growth in overall institutional volume of MVP (n = 69 in 2013; n = 127 in 2020) and markedly improved institutional rates of successful MVr, with 95.4% in 2013 vs. 99.2% in 2020. Over this period, a higher complexity of cases were treated minimally-invasively and increased use of neochord implantation ± limited leaflet resection was observed. Patients operated minimally invasively had longer aortic cross-clamp times (94 vs. 88 min, p = 0.001) but shorter ventilation times (4.4 vs. 4.8 h, p = 0.002) and hospital stays (5 vs. 6 days, p < 0.001) than those operated via sternotomy, with no significant differences in other outcome variables. A total of 16 patients underwent robotically assisted MVr with successful repair in all cases. Conclusion A focused approach towards minimally invasive MVr has transformed the overall MVr strategy (incision; repair techniques) at our institution, leading to a growth in MVr volume and improved repair rates without significant complications. On this foundation, robotic MVr was first introduced at our institution in 2021 with excellent outcomes. This emphasizes the importance of building a competent team to perform these challenging operations, especially during the initial learning curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia van Kampen
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- University Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Guillaume Goudot
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sophie Butte
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dane C. Paneitz
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michael A. Borger
- University Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vinay Badhwar
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, West Virginia University Heart and Vascular Institute, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Thoralf M. Sundt
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nathaniel B. Langer
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Serguei Melnitchouk
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Correspondence: Serguei Melnitchouk
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Piperata A, Busuttil O, d’Ostrevy N, Jansens JL, Taymoor S, Cuko B, Modine T, Pernot M, Labrousse L. Starting A New Robotic Surgery Program for Mitral Valve Repair. Lessons Learned from The First Nine Months. J Clin Med 2021; 10:5439. [PMID: 34830720 PMCID: PMC8674761 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10225439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Although transcatheter technology is rapidly growing and represents a promising strategy, the surgical approach remains the best way to repair a degenerative mitral valve regurgitation. In this context, robotic surgery is technologically the most advanced method of minimally invasive mitral valve repair. The aim of this study is to present the preliminary results of the initial single-center experience with a new robotic mitral valve repair program. (2) Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients who underwent robotic mitral valve repair at our Institution between January and September 2021. (3) Results: A total of 29 patients underwent mitral valve repair with annuloplasty and chordal implantation to treat degenerative mitral regurgitation. The procedure's success was achieved in 97% of patients. The 30-day cardiac-related mortality was 0%. The median CPB and cross-clamp times were 189 and 111 min, respectively, with a progressive reduction from the beginning of the robotic program. (4) Conclusions: Considering all the limitations related to the small sample, the presented results of robotic mitral valve repair appear to be encouraging and acceptable. A careful patient selection, a dedicated team, and a robust experience in surgical mitral valve repair are the fundamentals to start a new robotic mitral surgery program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Piperata
- Department of Cardiology and Cardio-Vascular Surgery, Hopital Cardiologique de Haut-Leveque, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33604 Bordeaux, France; (O.B.); (N.d.); (S.T.); (B.C.); (T.M.); (M.P.); (L.L.)
| | - Olivier Busuttil
- Department of Cardiology and Cardio-Vascular Surgery, Hopital Cardiologique de Haut-Leveque, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33604 Bordeaux, France; (O.B.); (N.d.); (S.T.); (B.C.); (T.M.); (M.P.); (L.L.)
| | - Nicolas d’Ostrevy
- Department of Cardiology and Cardio-Vascular Surgery, Hopital Cardiologique de Haut-Leveque, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33604 Bordeaux, France; (O.B.); (N.d.); (S.T.); (B.C.); (T.M.); (M.P.); (L.L.)
| | - Jean-Luc Jansens
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Erasme Hospital of Brussels, ULB, Belgium free University of Brussels (ULB), Hôpital Erasme, 1070 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Saud Taymoor
- Department of Cardiology and Cardio-Vascular Surgery, Hopital Cardiologique de Haut-Leveque, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33604 Bordeaux, France; (O.B.); (N.d.); (S.T.); (B.C.); (T.M.); (M.P.); (L.L.)
| | - Besart Cuko
- Department of Cardiology and Cardio-Vascular Surgery, Hopital Cardiologique de Haut-Leveque, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33604 Bordeaux, France; (O.B.); (N.d.); (S.T.); (B.C.); (T.M.); (M.P.); (L.L.)
| | - Thomas Modine
- Department of Cardiology and Cardio-Vascular Surgery, Hopital Cardiologique de Haut-Leveque, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33604 Bordeaux, France; (O.B.); (N.d.); (S.T.); (B.C.); (T.M.); (M.P.); (L.L.)
| | - Mathieu Pernot
- Department of Cardiology and Cardio-Vascular Surgery, Hopital Cardiologique de Haut-Leveque, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33604 Bordeaux, France; (O.B.); (N.d.); (S.T.); (B.C.); (T.M.); (M.P.); (L.L.)
| | - Louis Labrousse
- Department of Cardiology and Cardio-Vascular Surgery, Hopital Cardiologique de Haut-Leveque, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33604 Bordeaux, France; (O.B.); (N.d.); (S.T.); (B.C.); (T.M.); (M.P.); (L.L.)
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