Fang C, Wang SY, Liou YL, Chen MH, Ouyang W, Duan KM. The promising role of PAX1 (aliases: HUP48, OFC2) gene methylation in cancer screening.
Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019;
7:e506. [PMID:
30636379 PMCID:
PMC6418350 DOI:
10.1002/mgg3.506]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Paired‐box gene 1 (PAX1), a member of the PAX family, plays a role in pattern formation during embryogenesis, and might be essential for development of the vertebral column.
Methods
PAX1 is silenced by methylation in several cancers and is considered a tumor suppressor gene. Our previous studies reported PAX1 as hypermethylated in cervical cancer tissues, thereby suggesting it as a potential screening marker. Recently, an increasing number of studies have confirmed PAX1 methylation as a promising biomarker in cervical cancer based on its excellent discriminatory ability between high‐grade cervical lesions and normal tissues, resulting in a reduced necessity for referral for colposcopy and biopsy. Additionally, PAX1 is also hypermethylated in other tumors, including those associated with epithelial ovarian cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and endometrial carcinoma, and shows relatively good sensitivity and specificity for the detection of these tumors.
Results
This review summarizes reports of PAX1 methylation and its promising role in cancer screening, especially that associated with cervical cancer.
Conclusion
According to current evidence, combined testing for human papillomavirus and PAX1 methylation analysis represents an efficacious cervical cancer‐screening protocol.
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