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Li T, Aihemaitiniyazi A, Zhang H, Wei D, Hu Y, Guan Y, Zhou J, Qi X, Wang M, Wu B, Zhu M, Zhang L, Luan G, Liu C. Clinical characteristics and detection of MYB-QKI fusions in patients with angiocentric glioma. Neurol Sci 2024:10.1007/s10072-024-07721-3. [PMID: 39098857 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-024-07721-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Angiocentric glioma (AG), a benign tumor identified within the last two decades, was officially included in the 2007 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System, WHO grade I. The tumor is relatively rare, with only approximately 100 cases reported. We aim to complement the characteristics and long-term prognosis of AG, as well as to detect MYB-QKI fusions. METHODS The characteristics of all cases collected between 1 March 2009 and 1 March 2023 at the Beijing Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, were summarized and analyzed. Additionally, all fourteen patients were tested for MYB-QKI fusions. RESULTS AG more predominantly occurs in adolescents (median age 16.5-year-old), and commonly presents with drug-resistant epilepsy. AG is frequently localized in the supratentorial regions and only one patient is in the brainstem. Brain parenchyma atrophy, and stalk-like signs can observe in imaging. Pathologically, tumor cells are perivascular pseudorosettes, presenting immunoreactivity for GFAP, S-100, Vimentin, "dot-like" staining for EMA, and low proliferative activity. Focal cortex dysplasia was observed in four patients. Twelve of fourteen (85.7%) patients were found with MYB-QKI fusions. Completely surgical resection typically has a satisfactory prognosis with long-term follow-up. CONCLUSION AG is a rare benign tumor with a favorable prognosis after complete resection, characterized by refractory epilepsy, frequently occurring in adolescents. MYB-QKI fusions were detected in most AG patients, as a good defining genetic alteration pathologically. The potential presence of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) may affect the prognosis of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiemin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 50, Yikesong, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Adilijiang Aihemaitiniyazi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 50, Yikesong, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 50, Yikesong, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Da Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 50, Yikesong, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aviation General Hospital, China Medical University, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yuguang Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 50, Yikesong, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 50, Yikesong, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Xueling Qi
- Department of Pathology, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Mengyang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 50, Yikesong, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Mingwang Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Linpeng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 50, Yikesong, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Guoming Luan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 50, Yikesong, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, China.
| | - Changqing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 50, Yikesong, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
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2
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Pacchiano F, Tortora M, Doneda C, Izzo G, Arrigoni F, Ugga L, Cuocolo R, Parazzini C, Righini A, Brunetti A. Radiomics and artificial intelligence applications in pediatric brain tumors. World J Pediatr 2024:10.1007/s12519-024-00823-0. [PMID: 38935233 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-024-00823-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study of central nervous system (CNS) tumors is particularly relevant in the pediatric population because of their relatively high frequency in this demographic and the significant impact on disease- and treatment-related morbidity and mortality. While both morphological and non-morphological magnetic resonance imaging techniques can give important information concerning tumor characterization, grading, and patient prognosis, increasing evidence in recent years has highlighted the need for personalized treatment and the development of quantitative imaging parameters that can predict the nature of the lesion and its possible evolution. For this purpose, radiomics and the use of artificial intelligence software, aimed at obtaining valuable data from images beyond mere visual observation, are gaining increasing importance. This brief review illustrates the current state of the art of this new imaging approach and its contributions to understanding CNS tumors in children. DATA SOURCES We searched the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using the following key search terms: ("radiomics" AND/OR "artificial intelligence") AND ("pediatric AND brain tumors"). Basic and clinical research literature related to the above key research terms, i.e., studies assessing the key factors, challenges, or problems of using radiomics and artificial intelligence in pediatric brain tumors management, was collected. RESULTS A total of 63 articles were included. The included ones were published between 2008 and 2024. Central nervous tumors are crucial in pediatrics due to their high frequency and impact on disease and treatment. MRI serves as the cornerstone of neuroimaging, providing cellular, vascular, and functional information in addition to morphological features for brain malignancies. Radiomics can provide a quantitative approach to medical imaging analysis, aimed at increasing the information obtainable from the pixels/voxel grey-level values and their interrelationships. The "radiomic workflow" involves a series of iterative steps for reproducible and consistent extraction of imaging data. These steps include image acquisition for tumor segmentation, feature extraction, and feature selection. Finally, the selected features, via training predictive model (CNN), are used to test the final model. CONCLUSIONS In the field of personalized medicine, the application of radiomics and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms brings up new and significant possibilities. Neuroimaging yields enormous amounts of data that are significantly more than what can be gained from visual studies that radiologists can undertake on their own. Thus, new partnerships with other specialized experts, such as big data analysts and AI specialists, are desperately needed. We believe that radiomics and AI algorithms have the potential to move beyond their restricted use in research to clinical applications in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of pediatric patients with brain tumors, despite the limitations set out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pacchiano
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Mario Tortora
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- Department of Head and Neck, Neuroradiology Unit, AORN Moscati, Avellino, Italy.
| | - Chiara Doneda
- Department of Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giana Izzo
- Department of Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Arrigoni
- Department of Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ugga
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Renato Cuocolo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Cecilia Parazzini
- Department of Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Righini
- Department of Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Arturo Brunetti
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
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3
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Biswas A, Rao HR, Wagner MW. Pediatric-type diffuse low-grade gliomas. Childs Nerv Syst 2024:10.1007/s00381-024-06500-x. [PMID: 38926169 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-024-06500-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The World Health Organization's 5th edition classification of Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors differentiates diffuse gliomas into adult and pediatric variants. Pediatric-type diffuse low-grade gliomas (pDLGGs) are distinct from adult gliomas in their molecular characteristics, biological behavior, clinical progression, and prognosis. Various molecular alterations identified in pDLGGs are crucial for treatment. There are four distinct entities of pDLGGs. All four of these tumor subtypes exhibit diffuse growth and share overlapping histopathological and imaging characteristics. Molecular analysis is essential for differentiating these lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asthik Biswas
- Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Harini R Rao
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Matthias W Wagner
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
- Division of Neuroradiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
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4
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Kurokawa R, Baba A, Kano R, Kaneko Y, Kurokawa M, Gonoi W, Abe O. Radiological Imaging Findings of Adrenal Abnormalities in TAFRO Syndrome: A Systematic Review. Biomedicines 2024; 12:837. [PMID: 38672191 PMCID: PMC11048497 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic review article aims to investigate the clinical and radiological imaging characteristics of adrenal abnormalities in patients with thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, renal dysfunction, and organomegaly (TAFRO) syndrome. We searched the literature in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science Core Collection. Ultimately, we analyzed 11 studies with 22 patients plus our 1 patient, totaling 23 patients. The mean age was 47.0 ± 12.6 years. There were 20 male and 3 female patients, respectively. The histopathological analysis of lymph nodes was conducted in 15 patients (65.2%), and the diagnosis was consistent with TAFRO syndrome in all 15 patients. Among the 23 patients, 11 patients (18 adrenal glands) showed adrenal ischemia/infarction, 9 patients (13 adrenal glands) showed adrenal hemorrhage, and 4 patients (7 adrenal glands) showed adrenomegaly without evidence of concurrent ischemia/infarction or hemorrhage. One patient demonstrated unilateral adrenal hemorrhage and contralateral adrenomegaly. In patients with adrenal ischemia/infarction, the adrenal glands displayed poor enhancement through contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). In patients with adrenal hemorrhage, the adrenal glands revealed high attenuation through non-enhanced CT and hematoma through magnetic resonance imaging. Adrenomegaly, with or without adrenal ischemia/infarction or hemorrhage, was observed in all patients (23/23, 100%). The subsequent calcification of the affected adrenal glands was frequently observed (9/14, 64.3%) when a follow-up CT was performed. Abdominal pain was frequent (15/23, 65.2%), all of which occurred after the disease's onset, suggesting the importance of considering TAFRO syndrome as a cause of acute abdomen. Given the absence of evidence of adrenal abnormalities in non-TAFRO-idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD), they may serve as diagnostic clues for differentiating TAFRO syndrome from non-TAFRO-iMCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kurokawa
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (M.K.); (W.G.); (O.A.)
| | - Akira Baba
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (A.B.); (R.K.)
| | - Rui Kano
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (A.B.); (R.K.)
| | - Yo Kaneko
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu City 501-1194, Japan;
| | - Mariko Kurokawa
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (M.K.); (W.G.); (O.A.)
| | - Wataru Gonoi
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (M.K.); (W.G.); (O.A.)
| | - Osamu Abe
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (M.K.); (W.G.); (O.A.)
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5
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d’Amati A, Bargiacchi L, Rossi S, Carai A, Bertero L, Barresi V, Errico ME, Buccoliero AM, Asioli S, Marucci G, Del Baldo G, Mastronuzzi A, Miele E, D’Antonio F, Schiavello E, Biassoni V, Massimino M, Gessi M, Antonelli M, Gianno F. Pediatric CNS tumors and 2021 WHO classification: what do oncologists need from pathologists? Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1268038. [PMID: 38544524 PMCID: PMC10966132 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1268038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS), published in 2021, established new approaches to both CNS tumor nomenclature and grading, emphasizing the importance of integrated diagnoses and layered reports. This edition increased the role of molecular diagnostics in CNS tumor classification while still relying on other established approaches such as histology and immunohistochemistry. Moreover, it introduced new tumor types and subtypes based on novel diagnostic technologies such as DNA methylome profiling. Over the past decade, molecular techniques identified numerous key genetic alterations in CSN tumors, with important implications regarding the understanding of pathogenesis but also for prognosis and the development and application of effective molecularly targeted therapies. This review summarizes the major changes in the 2021 fifth edition classification of pediatric CNS tumors, highlighting for each entity the molecular alterations and other information that are relevant for diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic purposes and that patients' and oncologists' need from a pathology report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio d’Amati
- Unit of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
- Unit of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
- Unit of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
- Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica S. Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Lavinia Bargiacchi
- Unit of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Rossi
- Pathology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Carai
- Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Bertero
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Valeria Barresi
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Errico
- Department of Pathology, AORN Santobono Pausilipon, Pediatric Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Sofia Asioli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianluca Marucci
- Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giada Del Baldo
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Mastronuzzi
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Evelina Miele
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica D’Antonio
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Schiavello
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Biassoni
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Maura Massimino
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Gessi
- Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica S. Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Manila Antonelli
- Unit of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Francesca Gianno
- Unit of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
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6
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Toader C, Eva L, Costea D, Corlatescu AD, Covache-Busuioc RA, Bratu BG, Glavan LA, Costin HP, Popa AA, Ciurea AV. Low-Grade Gliomas: Histological Subtypes, Molecular Mechanisms, and Treatment Strategies. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1700. [PMID: 38137148 PMCID: PMC10741942 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-Grade Gliomas (LGGs) represent a diverse group of brain tumors originating from glial cells, characterized by their unique histopathological and molecular features. This article offers a comprehensive exploration of LGGs, shedding light on their subtypes, histological and molecular aspects. By delving into the World Health Organization's grading system, 5th edition, various specificities were added due to an in-depth understanding of emerging laboratory techniques, especially genomic analysis. Moreover, treatment modalities are extensively discussed. The degree of surgical resection should always be considered according to postoperative quality of life and cognitive status. Adjuvant therapies focused on chemotherapy and radiotherapy depend on tumor grading and invasiveness. In the current literature, emerging targeted molecular therapies are well discussed due to their succinctly therapeutic effect; in our article, those therapies are summarized based on posttreatment results and possible adverse effects. This review serves as a valuable resource for clinicians, researchers, and medical professionals aiming to deepen their knowledge on LGGs and enhance patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corneliu Toader
- Department of Neurosurgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.T.); (A.D.C.); (R.-A.C.-B.); (B.-G.B.); (L.A.G.); (H.P.C.); (A.A.P.); (A.V.C.)
- Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases, 077160 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lucian Eva
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dunarea de Jos University, 800010 Galati, Romania
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Emergency Hospital “Prof. Dr. Nicolae Oblu”, 700309 Iasi, Romania
| | - Daniel Costea
- Department of Neurosurgery, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Antonio Daniel Corlatescu
- Department of Neurosurgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.T.); (A.D.C.); (R.-A.C.-B.); (B.-G.B.); (L.A.G.); (H.P.C.); (A.A.P.); (A.V.C.)
| | - Razvan-Adrian Covache-Busuioc
- Department of Neurosurgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.T.); (A.D.C.); (R.-A.C.-B.); (B.-G.B.); (L.A.G.); (H.P.C.); (A.A.P.); (A.V.C.)
| | - Bogdan-Gabriel Bratu
- Department of Neurosurgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.T.); (A.D.C.); (R.-A.C.-B.); (B.-G.B.); (L.A.G.); (H.P.C.); (A.A.P.); (A.V.C.)
| | - Luca Andrei Glavan
- Department of Neurosurgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.T.); (A.D.C.); (R.-A.C.-B.); (B.-G.B.); (L.A.G.); (H.P.C.); (A.A.P.); (A.V.C.)
| | - Horia Petre Costin
- Department of Neurosurgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.T.); (A.D.C.); (R.-A.C.-B.); (B.-G.B.); (L.A.G.); (H.P.C.); (A.A.P.); (A.V.C.)
| | - Andrei Adrian Popa
- Department of Neurosurgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.T.); (A.D.C.); (R.-A.C.-B.); (B.-G.B.); (L.A.G.); (H.P.C.); (A.A.P.); (A.V.C.)
| | - Alexandru Vlad Ciurea
- Department of Neurosurgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.T.); (A.D.C.); (R.-A.C.-B.); (B.-G.B.); (L.A.G.); (H.P.C.); (A.A.P.); (A.V.C.)
- Neurosurgery Department, Sanador Clinical Hospital, 010991 Bucharest, Romania
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7
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Rosemberg S. Long-term epilepsy associated-tumors (LEATs): what is new? ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2023; 81:1146-1151. [PMID: 38157880 PMCID: PMC10756815 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Long-term epilepsy-associated tumors (LEATs) include a series of neoplasms that commonly occur in children, adolescents, or young adults, have an astrocytic or glioneuronal lineage, are histologically benign (WHO grade1) with a neocortical localization predominantly situated in the temporal lobes. Clinically, chronic refractory epilepsy is usually the unique symptom. Gangliogliomas (GG) and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors (DNT) are the most common representative entities besides pilocytic astrocytomas (PA) and angiocentric gliomas (AG). Recent molecular studies have defined new clinicopathological entities, which are recognized by the WHO 2021 classification of brain tumors. Some of them such as diffuse astrocytoma MIB or MYBL1 altered, polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young (PLNTY), and multilocular and vacuolating neuronal tumor (MVNT) are currently considered LEATs. The relationship between LEATs and epilepsy is still a matter of debate, and there is a general agreement about the beneficial effects of an early neurosurgical intervention on the clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rosemberg
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Patologia, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
- Santa Casa de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
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8
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Chen J, Qi X, Zhang M, Zhang J, Han T, Wang C, Cai C. Review on neuroimaging in pediatric-type diffuse low-grade gliomas. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1149646. [PMID: 37920791 PMCID: PMC10619148 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1149646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The fifth edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (WHO CNS5) has identified a new classification system for tumors of the brain and spinal cord, highlighting the pivotal role of molecular diagnosis in accurately categorizing neoplasms. In addition to previous classifications, one of the key distinctions lies in categorizing pediatric-type diffuse low-grade gliomas (pDLGGs) and pediatric-type diffuse high-grade gliomas (pDHGGs) as distinct tumor types. Although similar in histology and morphology, pediatric diffuse gliomas are completely different from the adult type with respect to the molecular genetic characteristics, prognosis, and treatment strategies. pDLGG includes four tumor types, namely, diffuse astrocytoma, MYB- or MYBL1-altered; angiocentric glioma; polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young (PLNTY); and diffuse low-grade glioma, MAPK pathway-altered, three types of which are newly recognized tumor types. Herein, we review the clinical characteristics, histopathological and molecular genetic characteristics, neuroimaging features, and prognosis of pDLGG and summarize the neuroimaging key points in diagnosing different tumor types. This review aims to evaluate and update the relevant pDLGG features and advances in neuroimaging that may assist in differential diagnosis, surgery planning, and prognostic determination of these tumor types and provide accurate diagnostic information for clinical colleagues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tong Han
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunxiang Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, China
| | - Chunquan Cai
- Tianjin Pediatric Research Institute, Tianjin Children's Hospital (Tianjin University Children's Hospital), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Birth Defects for Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin, China
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9
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Yamano A, Yanaka K, Onuma K, Nakamura K, Takahashi N, Kohzuki H, Sakamoto N, Matsuda M, Ishikawa E. Significance of perilesional T1 hyperintense areas in the differential diagnosis of primary adult-type diffuse glioma: A case report. Radiol Case Rep 2023; 18:3448-3452. [PMID: 37502482 PMCID: PMC10369393 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2023.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Perilesional T1 hyperintensity on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of intra-axial brain masses is an unusual feature of the perilesional area, characteristic of cavernous malformations (CMs) and metastatic brain tumors (METs). Here, we report a case of primary diffuse glioma with a perilesional T1 hyperintense area (HIA) on MRI. A 61-year-old woman with transient aphasia visited our hospital. Radiological examination revealed an intra-axial mass with acute/subacute hemorrhaging and calcification in the left frontal lobe. It was presumed to be a CM because of the perilesional T1 HIA. Gross total resection of the tumor was performed, and the pathological diagnosis was anaplastic oligodendroglioma, not otherwise specified by World Health Organization 2016 classification. Histopathological findings in the perilesional T1 HIA indicated hemorrhage involvement in the surrounding white matter. No recurrence appeared after radio-chemotherapy. Perilesional T1 HIAs, characteristic of CMs and METs, are also seen in primary diffuse gliomas. Therefore, caution should be taken when using this sign for the differential diagnosis of intracranial masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinari Yamano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tsukuba Memorial Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8576, Japan
| | - Kiyoyuki Yanaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tsukuba Memorial Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kuniyuki Onuma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tsukuba Memorial Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nakamura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tsukuba Memorial Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Takahashi
- Department of Radiology, Tsukuba Memorial Hospital, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Kohzuki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8576, Japan
| | - Noriaki Sakamoto
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masahide Matsuda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8576, Japan
| | - Eiichi Ishikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8576, Japan
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10
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Park YW, Vollmuth P, Foltyn-Dumitru M, Sahm F, Ahn SS, Chang JH, Kim SH. The 2021 WHO Classification for Gliomas and Implications on Imaging Diagnosis: Part 2-Summary of Imaging Findings on Pediatric-Type Diffuse High-Grade Gliomas, Pediatric-Type Diffuse Low-Grade Gliomas, and Circumscribed Astrocytic Gliomas. J Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 58:690-708. [PMID: 37069764 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The fifth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of central nervous system tumors published in 2021 advances the role of molecular diagnostics in the classification of gliomas by emphasizing integrated diagnoses based on histopathology and molecular information and grouping tumors based on genetic alterations. This Part 2 review focuses on the molecular diagnostics and imaging findings of pediatric-type diffuse high-grade gliomas, pediatric-type diffuse low-grade gliomas, and circumscribed astrocytic gliomas. Each tumor type in pediatric-type diffuse high-grade glioma mostly harbors a distinct molecular marker. On the other hand, in pediatric-type diffuse low-grade gliomas and circumscribed astrocytic gliomas, molecular diagnostics may be extremely complicated at a glance in the 2021 WHO classification. It is crucial for radiologists to understand the molecular diagnostics and imaging findings and leverage the knowledge in clinical practice. EVIDENCE LEVEL: 3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yae Won Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science and Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Philipp Vollmuth
- Section for Computational Neuroimaging, Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University College of Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martha Foltyn-Dumitru
- Section for Computational Neuroimaging, Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University College of Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Sahm
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University College of Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sung Soo Ahn
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science and Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Hee Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se Hoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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11
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Baba A, Kurokawa R, Kurokawa M, Srinivasan A. MRI features of sinonasal tract angiofibroma/juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: Case series and systematic review. J Neuroimaging 2023; 33:675-687. [PMID: 37164909 DOI: 10.1111/jon.13116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To comprehensively summarize the radiological characteristics of sinonasal tract angiofibroma (STA) (commonly known as juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma). METHODS Forty-four lesions from 41 cases provided by 33 study articles identified through a systematic review and 13 lesions from 13 cases from our institution associated with patients with STA who underwent MRI were included in the review study, carried out by two board-certified experienced radiologists. RESULTS The study participants were all male patients with a mean age of 15.6 years at the time of diagnosis. All of them presented with nasal cavity lesions (100%), predominantly in the nasopharynx (98.2%). The sphenopalatine foramen/pterygopalatine fossa was involved in 76.0%, and compressive shift of the posterolateral wall of the maxillary sinus was present in more than half (57.9%). T2-weighted imaging signal intensity was heterogeneous with mixed high and iso intensities as compared to skeletal muscle (100%). T1-weighted imaging showed partial high signal intensity in 61.1% of the cases. Flow void and intense enhancement were present in almost all cases. Cystic/nonenhancement changes on contrast-enhanced MRI were relatively common (40.8%). The mean apparent diffusion coefficient value (2.07 × 10-3 mm2 /second) and some quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI parameters were high. There was a significant difference in the frequency of residual/recurrent lesions based on the presence of MRI findings of skull base invasion (p = .017) and intracranial extension (p = .003). CONCLUSIONS We summarized the MRI findings of STA that can facilitate timely diagnosis and appropriate management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Baba
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Ryo Kurokawa
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Mariko Kurokawa
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Ashok Srinivasan
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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12
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Reisz Z, Radics BL, Nemes P, Laxton R, Kaizer L, Gabor KM, Novak T, Barzo P, Al-Sarraj S, Bodi I. Case Report: Brainstem angiocentric glioma presenting in a toddler child-diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Pathol Oncol Res 2023; 29:1611231. [PMID: 37362245 PMCID: PMC10287963 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2023.1611231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Angiocentric gliomas (AG) in brainstem location are exceedingly rare and might cause differential diagnostic problems and uncertainty regarding the best therapeutic approach. Hereby, we describe the clinicopathological findings in a brainstem AG presenting in a toddler child and review the literature. Case report: A 2-year-old boy presented with 5 weeks history of gait disturbances, frequent falls, left-sided torticollis and swallowing problems. MRI head showed a T2-hyperintense, partly exophytic mass lesion centred in the pontomedullary region, raising the possibility of diffuse midline glioma. The exophytic component was partially resected by suboccipital craniotomy, leaving intact the infiltrative component. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt was implanted due to postoperative hydrocephalus. Histological examination revealed a moderately cellular tumour consisted of bland glial cells infiltrating the brain parenchyma and radially arranged around the blood vessels. By immunohistochemistry, the tumour strongly expressed S100 and GFAP in addition to intense nestin positivity, while OLIG2 was negative in the perivascular tumour cells. DNA methylation array profiled the tumour as "methylation class diffuse astrocytoma, MYB or MYBL1-altered subtype B (infratentorial)" and an in-frame MYB::QKI fusion was identified by RNA sequencing, confirming the diagnosis of angiocentric glioma. The patient has been initially treated with angiogenesis inhibitor and mTOR inhibitor, and now he is receiving palliative vinblastine. He is clinically stable on 9 months follow-up. Conclusion: Brainstem AG may cause a diagnostic problem, and the surgical and oncological management is challenging due to unresectability and lack of response to conventional chemo-radiation. In the future, genetically-tailored therapies might improve the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zita Reisz
- Department of Clinical Neuropathology, King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Peter Nemes
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ross Laxton
- Department of Clinical Neuropathology, King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laszlo Kaizer
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Mita Gabor
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Healthcare Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Timea Novak
- Department of Radiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Pal Barzo
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Safa Al-Sarraj
- Department of Clinical Neuropathology, King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Istvan Bodi
- Department of Clinical Neuropathology, King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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13
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Shimazaki K, Kurokawa R, Franson A, Kurokawa M, Baba A, Bou-Maroun L, Kim J, Moritani T. Neuroimaging features of FOXR2-activated CNS neuroblastoma: A case series and systematic review. J Neuroimaging 2023; 33:359-367. [PMID: 36806312 DOI: 10.1111/jon.13095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE CNS neuroblastoma, FOXR2-activated (CNS NB-FOXR2) is a newly recognized tumor type in the 2021 World Health Organization classification of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. We aimed to investigate the clinical and neuroimaging findings of CNS NB-FOXR2 and systematically review previous publications and three new cases. METHODS We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, and Embase databases for patients with pathologically proven CNS NB-FOXR2 with sufficient information for preoperative CT and MRI findings. Two board-certified radiologists reviewed the studies and imaging data. RESULTS Thirty-one patients from six previous publications and 3 patients from our hospital comprised the study population (median age, 4.2 [range: 1.4-16] years; 19 girls). Clinically, CNS NB-FOXR2 mainly affected children between 2 and 6 years (24/34, 67.6%). Nausea/vomiting and seizures were reported as the main presenting symptoms (100% in total). The tumors frequently showed hyperdensity compared to the cortex on nonenhanced CT (4/5, 80%) with calcification along the inner rim of the tumor (4/5, 80%). More than half of patients showed susceptibility artifacts indicating intratumoral hemorrhage and/or calcification (15/28, 53.6%) on T2*- and/or susceptibility-weighted imaging. Elevated relative cerebral blood volume and flow and percentile signal recovery were observed in one case with dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI. CONCLUSIONS Characteristic imaging features including hyperdense attenuation of the solid components and calcification along the inner rim on CT and susceptibility-weighted imaging may assist with preoperative diagnosis of CNS NB-FOXR2 in pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Shimazaki
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ryo Kurokawa
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Andrea Franson
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Mariko Kurokawa
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Akira Baba
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Laura Bou-Maroun
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - John Kim
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Toshio Moritani
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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14
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Fabbri VP, Caporalini C, Asioli S, Buccoliero A. Paediatric-type diffuse low-grade gliomas: a clinically and biologically distinct group of tumours with a favourable outcome. Pathologica 2022; 114:410-421. [PMID: 36534420 PMCID: PMC9763978 DOI: 10.32074/1591-951x-828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The WHO 2021 classification of central nervous system cancers distinguishes diffuse gliomas that arise in adults (referred to as the "adult type") and those that arise in children (defined as "paediatric") based on clinical and molecular characteristics."). However, paediatric-type gliomas may occasionally be present in younger adults and occasionally adult-type gliomas may occur in children. Diffuse low-grade paediatric glioma includes diffuse astrocytoma altered by MYB or MYBL1, low-grade polymorphic juvenile neuroepithelial tumour, angiocentric glioma, and diffuse low-grade glioma with an altered MAPK pathway. Here, we examine these newly recognised entities according to WHO diagnostic criteria and propose an integrated diagnostic approach that can be used to separate these clinically and biologically distinct tumor groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viscardo Paolo Fabbri
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy,Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico Modena, Modena, Italy,Correspondence Viscardo Paolo Fabbri PhD Student of Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (School of Oncology, Haemathology and Pathology Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Italy) Bellaria Hospital, via Altura 3, Bologna, Italy E-mail:
| | | | - Sofia Asioli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, Programma Neurochirurgia Ipofisi- Pituitary Unit, Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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15
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Li B, Liu Y, Sun S. Pump proton inhibitors display anti-tumour potential in glioma. Cell Prolif 2022:e13321. [PMID: 35961680 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Glioma is one of the most aggressive brain tumours with poor overall survival despite advanced technology in surgical resection, chemotherapy and radiation. Progression and recurrence are the hinge causes of low survival. Our aim is to explain the concrete mechanism in the proliferation and progression of tumours based on tumour microenvironment (TME). The main purpose is to illustrate the mechanism of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in affecting acidity, hypoxia, oxidative stress, inflammatory response and autophagy based on the TME to induce apoptosis and enhance the sensitivity of chemoradiotherapy. FINDINGS TME is the main medium for tumour growth and progression. Acidity, hypoxia, inflammatory response, autophagy, angiogenesis and so on are the main causes of tumour progress. PPIs, as a common clinical drug to inhibit gastric acid secretion, have the advantages of fast onset, long action time and small adverse reactions. Nowadays, several kinds of literature highlight the potential of PPIs in inhibiting tumour progression. However, long-term use of PPIs alone also has obvious side effects. Therefore, till now, how to apply PPIs to promote the effect of radio-chemotherapy and find the concrete dose and concentration of combined use are novel challenges. CONCLUSIONS PPIs display the potential in enhancing the sensitivity of chemoradiotherapy to defend against glioma based on TME. In the clinic, it is also necessary to explore specific concentrations and dosages in synthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bihan Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Shilong Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
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16
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Baba A, Kurokawa R, Fukuda T, Fujioka H, Kurokawa M, Fukasawa N, Sonobe S, Omura K, Matsushima S, Ota Y, Yamauchi H, Shimizu K, Kurata N, Srinivasan A, Ojiri H. Radiological features of human papillomavirus-related multiphenotypic sinonasal carcinoma: systematic review and case series. Neuroradiology 2022; 64:2049-2058. [PMID: 35833947 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-022-03009-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To comprehensively summarize the radiological characteristics of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related multiphenotypic sinonasal carcinomas (HMSCs). METHODS We reviewed the findings for patients with HMSCs who underwent computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and included nine cases from nine publications that were identified through a systematic review and three cases from our institution. Two board-certified radiologists reviewed and evaluated the radiological images. RESULTS The locations in almost all cases included the nasal cavity (11/12, 91.7%). The involved paranasal sinuses included the ethmoid sinus (6/12, 50.0%) and maxillary sinus (3/12, 25.0%). The mean long diameter of the tumors was 46.3 mm. The margins in 91.7% (11/12) of the cases were well-defined and smooth. Heterogeneous enhancement on contrast-enhanced CT, heterogeneous high signal intensities on T2-weighted images and heterogeneous enhancement on gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images were noted in 2/2, 5/5, and 8/8 cases, respectively. Mean apparent diffusion coefficient values in two cases of our institution were 1.17 and 1.09 × 10-3 mm2/s. Compressive changes in the surrounding structures were common (75%, 9/12). Few cases showed intraorbital or intracranial extension. None of the cases showed a perineural spread, neck lymph node metastasis, or remote lesions. CONCLUSIONS We summarized the CT and MRI findings of HMSCs. Knowledge of such characteristics is expected to facilitate prompt diagnosis and appropriate management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Baba
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. .,Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
| | - Ryo Kurokawa
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Takeshi Fukuda
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Fujioka
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Mariko Kurokawa
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Nei Fukasawa
- Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Shoko Sonobe
- Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Omura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Satoshi Matsushima
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Ota
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Hideomi Yamauchi
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Kanichiro Shimizu
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, 163-1 Kashiwashita, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8567, Japan
| | - Naoki Kurata
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, 163-1 Kashiwashita, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8567, Japan
| | - Ashok Srinivasan
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Hiroya Ojiri
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
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