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Bong HJ, Lee M. The influence of socio-cognitive mindfulness, moral sensitivity and dementia communication behaviors on dementia nursing performance of nurses in long-term care hospitals: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:351. [PMID: 38789977 PMCID: PMC11127314 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-02013-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND By incorporating socio-cognitive mindfulness which has been under-examined in the nursing field, this study investigated the relationships between socio-cognitive mindfulness, moral sensitivity, dementia communication behaviors, and dementia nursing performance of nurses in long-term care hospitals. This study also examined the factors influencing nurses' dementia nursing performance. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 209 nurses from long-term care hospitals in Korea. Data were collected between August 1 and August 31, 2022. Participants completed the questionnaire assessing their socio-cognitive mindfulness, moral sensitivity, dementia communication behaviors, and dementia nursing performance. Pearson's correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were performed for data analysis. RESULTS Dementia nursing performance of the nurses in long-term care hospitals was positively related to their socio-cognitive mindfulness, moral sensitivity, and dementia communication behaviors. Furthermore, nurses' dementia communication behaviors, moral sensitivity, and total clinical career, in that order, were found to be the factors influencing their dementia nursing performance. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that the higher socio-cognitive mindfulness, moral sensitivity, and dementia communication behaviors, the higher dementia nursing performance, and that higher dementia nursing performance is associated with better dementia communication behaviors, greater moral sensitivity, and more extensive clinical experiences. This study provides a foundation for developing effective interventions to enhance dementia nursing performance in the future. To improve dementia nursing performance of nurses in long-term care hospitals, it is necessary to improve dementia communication behaviors and moral sensitivity, and prepare multilateral countermeasures to maintain nurses' clinical careers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ju Bong
- Department of Nursing, Seoyeong University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Mikyoung Lee
- Department of Nursing, Dongshin University, 67 Dongshindae-gil, Naju-si, Jeollanam- do, 58245, South Korea.
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Chen JY, Chen HF, Wang XH, Zong QZ, Yao ZZ. Moral sensitivity and caring behavior in nursing interns: the mediating role of empathy. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1360940. [PMID: 38532977 PMCID: PMC10963389 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1360940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The main purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between moral sensitivity, empathy, and caring behaviors and to explore the mediating effect of empathy on moral sensitivity and caring behaviors of nursing interns. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from August to September 2022 in which 261 nursing interns from two Grade 3A Hospitals in Xi'an participated. The questionnaires used in the survey include the General Information Questionnaire (GIQ), the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire-Revised Version translated into Chinese (MSQ R-CV), the Chinese version of the Jefferson Empathy Scale (JSE), and the Chinese version of the Caring Behavior Inventory (C-CBI). The obtained data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson's correlation coefficient, and the mediating effect of empathy was tested through structural equations. Results The overall mean of moral sensitivity of nursing interns in two Grade 3A Hospitals in Xi'an is 40.84 ± 8.73, the overall mean of empathy is 100.51 ± 21.56, and the overall mean of caring behavior is (113.81 ± 21.05). Statistical analysis showed that there is a positive correlation between moral sensitivity and caring behavior of nursing interns (r = 0.376, p < 0.01), between their empathy and moral sensitivity (r = 0.336, p < 0.01), and between their empathy and caring behavior (r = 0.394, p < 0.01). The empathy of nursing interns has a mediated effect on the relationship between moral sensitivity and caring behavior. The mediated effect value was 0.14, accounting for 31.82% of the total effect. Conclusion The moral sensitivity of nursing interns can have a direct impact on predicting the caring behavior and indirect influences their caring behaviors mediated by empathy, with the latter effect being mediated by empathy. Therefore, nursing educators and hospital administrators should adopt targeted interventions to improve the moral sensitivity and empathy of nursing interns, which can further prove to be beneficial in improving their caring behaviors, leading to enhanced quality of nursing care and reduced nurse-patient conflicts and finally to a stabilized nursing team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin yan Chen
- School of Nursing, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Hong fang Chen
- Personnel Department, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Xing huan Wang
- School of Nursing, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Qing zhen Zong
- School of Nursing, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Zhen zhen Yao
- Department of Nursing, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
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Sun Y, Wang S, Tsai Y, Wei W, Chang H. Registered nurses' perceptions and experience of working in aged care: A qualitative approach. Nurs Open 2024; 11:e2060. [PMID: 38268266 PMCID: PMC10721945 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.2060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To understand and report on the perceptions and experiences of registered nurses in the aged care sector. DESIGN An exploratory qualitative study. METHODS Semi-structured telephone interviews were utilised as the primary data collection method. Fifteen registered nurses were interviewed. All interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using conventional content analysis. Participants were quoted verbatim to ensure authenticity. RESULTS The results indicated a demand for increased administrative and staffing support in the aged care workplace. Poor morale and unethical practices contributed to negative perceptions and attitudes among nurses towards aged care. Managing and communicating with older people was reported as challenging, which impacts nursing staff recruitment and retention. Future work is needed to ensure that outstanding clinical role models and leadership support nursing staff recruitment and retention. Incorporating aged care content into the nursing curriculum and providing professional development opportunities to aged care professionals would be the foundation towards solutions, as the study primarily explored nurses' perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong‐Jhu Sun
- Nursing Service and Residential Aged CareRoyal Melbourne HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Shou‐Yu Wang
- Discipline of Nursing, School of HealthUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Yvette Tsai
- School of Health ScienceSwinburne University of TechnologyMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Wenxi Wei
- Multicultural Communities Council of IllawarraWollongongNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Hui‐Chen Chang
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyWestern Sydney UniversityParramattaNew South WalesAustralia
- School of NursingUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia
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Liu F, Zhou H, Yuan L, Cai Y. Effect of empathy competence on moral sensitivity in Chinese student nurses: the mediating role of emotional intelligence. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:483. [PMID: 38114985 PMCID: PMC10729477 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01650-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethical issues may pose challenges to nursing students entering clinical practice. Moral sensitivity can assist them in recognising existing moral situations and then taking adequate action. Identifying the variables associated with moral sensitivity may be useful in preparing to improve nursing students' moral sensitivity. OBJECTIVES This study investigated empathy, emotional intelligence, and moral sensitivity in Chinese student nurses to explore the association among these three factors and to verify the mediating function of emotional intelligence in determining the connection between empathy and moral sensitivity. DESIGN This study used a cross-sectional correlational design. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Through convenience sampling, 239 fourth-year nursing undergraduates at a university in Western China were enrolled in this study. METHODS Nursing students who volunteered to participate in the study completed self-reported scales on empathy, emotional intelligence, and moral sensitivity between September and October 2022. The potential mediating effect was explored using the Process Macro and bootstrap method. RESULTS The nursing students' average scores were 39.62 ± 5.27 on moral sensitivity, 108.21 ± 15.49 on empathy, and 124.41 ± 13.66 on EI. Moral sensitivity was positively correlated with emotional intelligence (r = 0.454, p < 0.001) and empathy (r = 0.545, p < 0.001). Furthermore, empathy exerted a substantial direct effect on nursing students' moral sensitivity (B = 0.1424, p < 0.001). Emotional intelligence could mediate the indirect path from empathy to moral sensitivity. (B = 0.0372, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Emotional intelligence mediated the association between empathy and moral sensitivity. Thus, educational activities and programmes placing an emphasis on empathy and emotional intelligence may offer an alternative way to promote moral sensitivity in Chinese student nurses. IMPLICATIONS Nursing educators can organise programmes to improve nursing students' emotional competence and professional values. Early exposure to clinical practice benefits nursing students a lot in terms of building interactions with patients and increasing emotional resonance. In addition, nursing educators should develop situational teaching in nursing ethics courses to help students cope with ethical issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Nursing School of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Hengyu Zhou
- Nursing School of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Long Yuan
- Nursing School of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China.
| | - Ying Cai
- Nursing School of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China.
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Pontón YD, Narváez VPD, Andrade BM, Terán JJL, Reyes-Reyes A, Calzadilla-Núñez A. Working nurses' empathy with patients in public hospitals. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2023; 31:e3968. [PMID: 37556616 PMCID: PMC10408249 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.6591.3968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to determine the levels of empathy in professional nurses of a high-complexity hospital, to relate age to empathy (and each one of its dimensions), and to establish if there are differences between these levels according to the type of working schedules. METHOD comparative, correlational and cross-sectional design. The sample used (n=271) constituted 40.9% of the total number of nursing professionals. Psychometric properties of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for Health Professionals were studied. Descriptive statistics were calculated: mean and standard deviation. The association between empathy and age was estimated using regression equations and statistical significance of the regression coefficients, after evaluating the type of curve using variance analysis. RESULTS the underlying model of three dimensions of empathy was identified. The values of the descriptive statistics observed were relatively low in empathy and its dimensions. Empathy levels were not associated with the age range. No differences in empathy were found between the types of work schedules. Variability was found in the dimensions: "compassionate care" and "Walking on the patient's shoes". CONCLUSION these results show that the levels of empathy observed may imply a deficient performance in empathetic care for patients. (1) The levels of empathy are low in the nursing professionals studied. (2) These levels are not associated with age and type of work performed. (3) Low levels of empathy could imply a negative alteration of humanized attention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alejandro Reyes-Reyes
- Universidad Santo Tomás, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Comunicación, Concepción, Región del Bío Bio, Chile
| | - Aracelis Calzadilla-Núñez
- Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Departamento de Investigaciones, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile
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Ayoubi-Mahani S, Eghbali-Babadi M, Farajzadegan Z, Keshvari M, Farokhzadian J. Active aging needs from the perspectives of older adults and geriatric experts: a qualitative study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1121761. [PMID: 37397742 PMCID: PMC10311094 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1121761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction With an increasing rate of population aging and its consequences, preparation for active aging based on older adults' needs is an unavoidable priority. Active aging needs must be identified to help strategic planning for older adults' health and wellbeing. This study aimed to explore the active aging needs from the perspectives of older adults and geriatric experts. Methods This exploratory-descriptive qualitative study was conducted in four provinces with the oldest populations in Iran. Semi-structured and focus group interviews were conducted with 41 participants (20 older adults and 21 geriatric experts), who were chosen through purposive and snowball sampling. Data were analyzed using the conventional content analysis. Results This study identified three themes and thirteen categories from the data: (1) basic individual needs with three categories of physiological, psycho-emotional, and spiritual needs; and (2) managerial needs with seven categories of political-legal, socio-economic, and cultural-spiritual infrastructures, academic strategies, an age-friendly environment; technological services, and provision of specialized services and daycare for older adults, and (3) educational needs with three categories of training self-care and self-efficacy, empowering the health care workers; and empowering the family. Conclusion The results revealed personal, managerial, and educational needs for active aging and could assist policymakers and geriatric experts to promote and meet active aging needs successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahla Ayoubi-Mahani
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Eghbali-Babadi
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ziba Farajzadegan
- Medicine Faculty, Medical Sciences of Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahrokh Keshvari
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Rezapour-Mirsaleh Y, Aghabagheri M, Choobforoushzadeh A, Mohammadpanah Ardakan A. Mindfulness, empathy and moral sensitivity in nurses: a structural equation modeling analysis. BMC Nurs 2022; 21:132. [PMID: 35624445 PMCID: PMC9137157 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-022-00912-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ethical issues may pose challenges to nurses; moral sensitivity can help them to overcome these challenges. Identifying variables related to moral sensitivity can help in planning to increase nurses’ moral sensitivity. This study aimed to investigate the relationship among mindfulness, empathy, and moral sensitivity in a sample of nurses. Methods In the present study, a cross-sectional design utilizing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was conducted. The nurses in a private hospital in Yazd, Iran, were invited to participate in the study (n=162) using simple random sampling. In order to gather the data, the Freiburg’s mindfulness inventory, moral sensitivity questionnaire, and revised Jefferson’s empathy scale were used. The hypothesized model was analyzed by SEM. Results The results show that Mindfulness (β=0.41, t=5.53, p<0.01) and empathy (β=0.52, t=6.77, p<0.01) had a significant direct effect on moral sensitivity. However, mindfulness had an indirect effect on nurses’ moral sensitivity via empathy improvement (z= 6.25, p<.01). Conclusion Empathy played a significant mediating role in the relationship between mindfulness and moral sensitivity, so mindfulness-based interventions with an emphasis on empathy may provide an opportunity to increase moral sensitivity in nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Rezapour-Mirsaleh
- Department of Counseling, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ardakan University, P.O. Box184, Ayatollah Khatami Blv., Ardakan, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Aghabagheri
- Nursing Meybod School, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Azadeh Choobforoushzadeh
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran
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