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Chansaenroj A, Adine C, Charoenlappanit S, Roytrakul S, Sariya L, Osathanon T, Rungarunlert S, Urkasemsin G, Chaisuparat R, Yodmuang S, Souza GR, Ferreira JN. Magnetic bioassembly platforms towards the generation of extracellular vesicles from human salivary gland functional organoids for epithelial repair. Bioact Mater 2022; 18:151-163. [PMID: 35387159 PMCID: PMC8961305 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary glands (SG) are exocrine organs with secretory units commonly injured by radiotherapy. Bio-engineered organoids and extracellular vesicles (EV) are currently under investigation as potential strategies for SG repair. Herein, three-dimensional (3D) cultures of SG functional organoids (SGo) and human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC) were generated by magnetic 3D bioassembly (M3DB) platforms. Fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) was used to enrich the SGo in secretory epithelial units. After 11 culture days via M3DB, SGo displayed SG-specific acinar epithelial units with functional properties upon neurostimulation. To consistently develop 3D hDPSC in vitro, 3 culture days were sufficient to maintain hDPSC undifferentiated genotype and phenotype for EV generation. EV isolation was performed via sequential centrifugation of the conditioned media of hDPSC and SGo cultures. EV were characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis, electron microscopy and immunoblotting. EV were in the exosome range for hDPSC (diameter: 88.03 ± 15.60 nm) and for SGo (123.15 ± 63.06 nm). Upon ex vivo administration, exosomes derived from SGo significantly stimulated epithelial growth (up to 60%), mitosis, epithelial progenitors and neuronal growth in injured SG; however, such biological effects were less distinctive with the ones derived from hDPSC. Next, these exosome biological effects were investigated by proteomic arrays. Mass spectrometry profiling of SGo exosomes predicted that cellular growth, development and signaling was due to known and undocumented molecular targets downstream of FGF10. Semaphorins were identified as one of the novel targets requiring further investigations. Thus, M3DB platforms can generate exosomes with potential to ameliorate SG epithelial damage. Magnetic bioassembly platforms scale-up the production of salivary gland organoids. Exosomes from organoids rescued up to 60% of gland epithelial growth. Transplanted gland organoids from magnetic bioassembly platforms rescued 25% of gland epithelial growth. Exosomes from dental pulp stem cells in magnetic bioassembly platforms marginally alter epithelial growth. 99 proteins were differentially expressed in exosomes from organoids.
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Soares CD, Carlos R, Mota MVB, de Carvalho MGF, de Lima Morais TM, de Almeida OP, Altemani A. Bilateral multiple oncocytic cysts of the parotid gland in type 2 diabetes patients. Histopathology 2019; 76:613-624. [PMID: 31677302 DOI: 10.1111/his.14027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The hallmarks of type 2 diabetes (T2D) are hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance. These factors, at the cellular level, are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and increased glucose uptake. Such events are poorly explored in the context of the salivary glands. In this study, we present a series of eight cases of a distinct salivary gland lesion characterised by multiple oncocytic cysts, and we provide new pathological insights regarding its pathogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS Seven patients (87.5%) had confirmed T2D, and obesity was identified in five (62.5%) patients. Clinically, the patients showed bilateral parotid gland swelling with recurrent episodes of pain and enlargement. Imaging examination revealed multiple cystic lesions in both parotid glands. Microscopically, the parotid glands showed multiple cysts of different sizes, lined by oncocytic epithelial cells. Intraluminally, strongly eosinophilic glass-like crystalloid material was observed. Immunohistochemical studies were performed, and the most notable finding was glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) overexpression in the oncocytic cysts which is not observed in any other oncocytic lesion of patients without T2D. In addition, high expressions of mitochondrial antigen, fission 1 protein and mitofusin-2 were observed in the oncocytic epithelium of the cysts. Furthermore, most of the oncocytic cysts showed a pattern of cytokeratin expression consistent with striated ducts. CONCLUSIONS These results strongly suggest that T2D is associated with alterations in GLUT1 expression in the cells of striated ducts with mitochondrial dysfunction, causing a hyperplastic process characterised by multiple oncocytic cysts. For this lesion, the designation of 'diabetes-associated-bilateral multiple oncocytic cysts of the parotid gland' is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro D Soares
- Oral Pathology Department, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Roman Carlos
- Pathology Division, Centro Clínico de Cabeza y Cuello/Hospital Herrera Llerandi, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Marcelo V B Mota
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Maria G F de Carvalho
- Oral Pathology Department, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thayná M de Lima Morais
- Oral Pathology Department, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Oslei P de Almeida
- Oral Pathology Department, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Albina Altemani
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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Dziobek K, Opławski M, Grabarek B, Zmarzły N, Januszyk P, Adwent I, Dąbruś D, Leśniak E, Kiełbasiński R, Kieszkowski P, Boroń D. Expression of Semaphorin 3B (SEMA3B) in Various Grades of Endometrial Cancer. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:4569-4574. [PMID: 31217417 PMCID: PMC6598462 DOI: 10.12659/msm.916762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SEMA3B is known as an inhibitor of angiogenesis and cell proliferation. During carcinogenesis, the loss of SEMA3B function is observed, which results in the progression of neoplastic changes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression profile of SEMA3B in endometrial cancer (G1-G3) in comparison to the control group and to assess whether the observed changes in expression could become a molecular marker in endometrial cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study group consisted of 45 patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer (G1, 17; G2, 15; G3, 13). The control group included 15 patients. SEMA3B expression was assessed using the immunohistochemical method. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Statistica 12 PL program (StatSoft, USA). It included the Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc Dunn's test (p<0.05). RESULTS Statistically significant differences in the level of SEMA3B expression were observed between all analyzed groups. The expression pattern of SEMA3B was as follows: cancer cells G1>G2>G3; endothelial cells: G3>G1>G2; stromal cells: G2>G1>G3. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of the SEMA3B expression profile shows the complexity of neoplastic transformation, which confirms the different expression of SEMA3B in endometrial cancer cells and endothelial cells. The present results and data in the literature data suggest that SEMA3B expression indicates the progression of carcinogenesis in the context of endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Dziobek
- Center of Oncology, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Institute, Cracow Branch, Cracow, Poland
| | - Marcin Opławski
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, Cracow, Poland
| | - Beniamin Grabarek
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Nikola Zmarzły
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Piotr Januszyk
- Department Midwifery, Opole Medical High School, Opole, Poland
| | - Iwona Adwent
- Department Midwifery, Opole Medical High School, Opole, Poland
| | - Dariusz Dąbruś
- Department Midwifery, Opole Medical High School, Opole, Poland
| | - Ewa Leśniak
- Department Midwifery, Opole Medical High School, Opole, Poland
| | - Robert Kiełbasiński
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ward, Health Center in Mikołów, Mikołów, Poland
| | | | - Dariusz Boroń
- Center of Oncology, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Institute, Cracow Branch, Cracow, Poland.,Department Midwifery, Opole Medical High School, Opole, Poland.,Department of Histology and Cell Pathology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
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Soares C, Melo de Lima Morais T, Carlos R, Mariano FV, Altemani A, Freire de Carvalho MG, Corrêa MB, Dias Dos Reis RR, Amorim LS, Paes de Almeida O, Jorge J. Phosphorylated Akt1 expression is associated with poor prognosis in cutaneous, oral and sinonasal melanomas. Oncotarget 2018; 9:37291-37304. [PMID: 30647870 PMCID: PMC6324666 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanomas are highly aggressive tumours derived from melanocytes, which occur most commonly in the skin. Occasionally, these tumours may appear in oral and sinonasal mucous membranes. In this study, we performed a comparative analysis of the Phosphorylated Akt1 (p-Akt1) expression in 144 patients affected by cutaneous (CM), 34 oral cavity (OM), and 31 sinonasal melanomas (SNM). Similar to the metastatic cutaneous melanomas, p-Akt1 was overexpressed in 17/34 of the oral cavity and 20/31 of the sinonasal melanomas. In addition, the p-Akt1-nuclear expression was associated with poorer cancer-specific survival in cutaneous (P < .0001), oral (P < .0001), and sinonasal (P = .001) melanomas. Multivariate analysis showed p-Akt1 to be an independent prognostic marker in oral (P = .041) and sinonasal (P < .0001) melanomas patients. In conclusion, p-Akt1 overexpression is an independent prognostic marker in mucosal melanomas and is significantly up-regulated in sinonasal melanomas. As both mucosal and metastatic cutaneous melanomas showed high frequency of p-Akt1 expression, these findings suggest that mucosal melanomas have a biological behaviour, similar to the aggressive cutaneous melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Soares
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Area of Pathology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thayná Melo de Lima Morais
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Area of Pathology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roman Carlos
- Pathology Division, Centro Clínico de Cabeza y Cuello/Hospital Herrera Llerandi, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Fernanda Viviane Mariano
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Area of Pathology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Albina Altemani
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Area of Pathology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Brum Corrêa
- Head and Neck Surgery Department - Oncology Center (CEON), Fornecedores de Cana Hospital, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Oslei Paes de Almeida
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Area of Pathology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jacks Jorge
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Area of Pathology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mariz BALA, Soares CD, de Carvalho MGF, Jorge-Júnior J. FGF-2 and FGFR-1 might be independent prognostic factors in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Histopathology 2018; 74:311-320. [PMID: 30129658 DOI: 10.1111/his.13739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)-1 are associated with tumour invasiveness, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The aims of this study were to investigate FGF-2 expression and FGFR-1 expression in oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC), and their correlation with OTSCC patients' prognosis. METHODS AND RESULTS One hundred and sixty-seven cases were retrospectively selected, including 85 surgical specimens of patients with OTSCC, 46 incisional biopsies of OTSCC, and 36 incisional biopsies of OED. Tissue sections were subjected to immunohistochemical staining for FGF-2 and FGFR-1, and digitally scored. Elevated scores of FGF-2 and FGFR-1 immunostaining were associated with high-grade OEDs. FGF-2 positivity in the stroma was associated with vascular invasion and a worse prognosis, in both overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) analyses, in univariate and multivariate models. FGFR-1 positivity in the stroma was correlated with lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. FGFR-1 expression in either the malignant cells or the stroma was strongly correlated with shorter OS and DFS. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our findings suggest that increased FGF-2 expression and increased FGFR-1 expression are associated with high-grade OEDs, and are correlated with the presence of metastasis and adverse outcomes in OTSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno A L A Mariz
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Ciro D Soares
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | - Jacks Jorge-Júnior
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
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Prognostic significance of cyclooxygenase 2 and phosphorylated Akt1 overexpression in primary nonmetastatic and metastatic cutaneous melanomas. Melanoma Res 2018; 27:448-456. [PMID: 28604419 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and phosphorylated Akt1 (p-Akt1) are associated with tumor spreading, cell proliferation, high metabolism, and angiogenesis in solid tumors. This study aimed to investigate COX-2 and p-Akt1 expression in primary and metastatic melanomas by correlating with the cellular proliferation index (as revealed by minichromosome maintenance 2 expression) and the outcome of patients with malignant melanomas. Seventy-seven biopsies of malignant melanomas, including 42 primary nonmetastatic melanomas (PNMMs), 12 primary metastatic melanomas (PMMs), and 23 metastatic melanomas (MMs), were retrospectively selected. Tissue microarrays were developed and submitted for immunohistochemical staining for COX-2, p-Akt1, and minichromosome maintenance 2. Increased COX-2 cytoplasmic staining patterns were observed in PMM and MM when compared with PNMM (P=0.0011). Higher nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of p-Akt1 was more closely associated with PMM than with MM and PNMM (P<0.00001). Coexpression of these biomarkers was closely correlated with lower overall survival rates in melanomas. Furthermore, we observed a statistically significant positive correlation between the mitosis index and increased COX-2 expression (P=0.0135) and between p-Akt1 (P=0.0038) and the cellular proliferation index (P=0.0060). Taken together, our findings demonstrate that COX-2 and p-Akt1 play an important combined role during melanoma progression and are associated with highly metastatic tumors and survival rates in patients with MM. In addition, these biomarkers can be used to predict melanoma prognosis independently of metastatic status. However, further studies are required to elucidate the biological role of these biomarkers during the progression of MM events.
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Wang J, Huang Y, Zhang J, Xing B, Xuan W, Wang H, Huang H, Yang J, Tang J. NRP-2 in tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. Cancer Lett 2018; 418:176-184. [PMID: 29339213 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuropilin-2 (NRP-2) not only functions as a receptor for semaphorins, a family of neural axon guidance factors, but also interacts with VEGFs, a family of vascular endothelial growth factors. As an independent receptor or a co-receptor, NRP-2 binds to ligands VEGF-C/D, activates the VEGF-C/D-NRP-2 signaling axis, and further regulates lymphangiogenesis-associated factors in both lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and some tumor cells during tumor progression. Via VEGF-C/D-NRP-2 axis, NRP-2 induces LEC proliferation, reconstruction and lymphangiogenesis and subsequently promotes tumor cell migration, invasion and lymphatic metastasis. There are similarities and differences among NRP-1, NRP-2 and VEGFR-3 in chemical structure, ligand specificity, chromosomal location, soluble protein forms, cellular functions and expression profiles. High expression of NRP-2 in LECs and tumor cells has been observed in different anatomic sites, histological patterns and progression stages of various tumors, especially during tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis, and therefore the NRP-2 and VEGF-C/D-NRP-2 axis are closely related to tumor development, progression, invasion, and metastasis. In addition, it is important for prognosis of tumor. The studies on NRP-2 targeted therapy have recently achieved some successes, utilizing NRP-2 blocking antibodies, NRP-2 inhibitory peptides, soluble NRP-2 antagonists, small molecule inhibitors and various NRP-2 gene therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis and Intervention of Liaoning Province, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China; Institute of Medical Technology, Ningbo College of Health Science, No.51, XueFu Road, Ningbo Zhejiang 315100, China
| | - Yuhong Huang
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis and Intervention of Liaoning Province, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis and Intervention of Liaoning Province, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Boyi Xing
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis and Intervention of Liaoning Province, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Wei Xuan
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis and Intervention of Liaoning Province, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Honghai Wang
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis and Intervention of Liaoning Province, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis and Intervention of Liaoning Province, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Jiayu Yang
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis and Intervention of Liaoning Province, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Jianwu Tang
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis and Intervention of Liaoning Province, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian Liaoning 116044, China.
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