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Machado BA, Gama-Cuellar AG, Scarini JF, Díaz KP, Mariano FV, Albuquerque-Junior RLC, Gondak R. Dendritic cell subpopulations in carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma: A multicenter study. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38655689 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma (CEXPA) represents a malignant transformation from a recurrent or primary pleomorphic adenoma (PA), and the immune response may be essential in this process. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to identify and quantify subpopulations of dendritic cells (DCs) in CEXPA, residual PA in CEXPA (rPA), and PA. MATERIALS AND METHODS A multicenter study was performed collecting salivary gland tumor (SGT) samples from three Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Centers. A tissue microarray containing 41 samples of CEXPA and 22 samples of PA was included in this study and submitted to immunohistochemical reactions against CD1a, CD83, CD207, and Ki67 antibodies. RESULTS Both PA and rPA showed a higher quantification of CD207+ and CD83+ cells when compared to CEXPA (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively). There was also a difference when comparing the cell proliferation index between PA/rPA and CEXPA using the Ki-67 marker (p = 0.043). However, there was no difference in the DC population regarding clinical parameters such as sex, anatomical location, size, and metastases (p > 0.06). CONCLUSIONS Immunohistochemical profile of DC subpopulations and cell proliferation biomarkers in SGTs can contribute as an important tool in the differentiation of benign and malignant tumors or detection of initial areas with malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Azevedo Machado
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - João Figueira Scarini
- Anatomic Pathology Department, Universidade de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Katya Pulido Díaz
- Department of Dentistry, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California - UABC, Mexicali, BC, Mexico
| | | | | | - Rogério Gondak
- Department of Pathology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Descamps G, Furgiuele S, Mhaidly N, Journe F, Saussez S. Immune Cell Density Evaluation Improves the Prognostic Values of Staging and p16 in Oropharyngeal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225560. [PMID: 36428652 PMCID: PMC9688704 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of oropharyngeal cancers (OPSCCs) has continued to rise over the years, mainly due to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Although they were newly reclassified in the last TNM staging system, some groups still relapse and have poor prognoses. Based on their implication in oncogenesis, we investigated the density of cytotoxic and regulatory T cells, macrophages, and Langerhans cells in relation to p16 status, staging and survival of patients. Biopsies from 194 OPSCCs were analyzed for HPV by RT-qPCR and for p16 by immunohistochemistry, while CD8, FoxP3, CD68 and CD1a immunolabeling was performed in stromal (ST) and intratumoral (IT) compartments to establish optimal cutoff values for overall survival (OS). High levels of FoxP3 IT and CD1a ST positively correlated with OS and were observed in p16-positive and low-stage patients, respectively. Then, their associations with p16 and TNM were more efficient than the clinical parameters alone in describing patient survival. Using multivariate analyses, we demonstrated that the respective combination of FoxP3 or CD1a with p16 status or staging was an independent prognostic marker improving the outcome of OPSCC patients. These two combinations are significant prognostic signatures that may eventually be included in the staging stratification system to develop personalized treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Descamps
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMONS), Avenue du Champ de Mars, 8, B7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Sonia Furgiuele
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMONS), Avenue du Champ de Mars, 8, B7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Nour Mhaidly
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMONS), Avenue du Champ de Mars, 8, B7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Fabrice Journe
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMONS), Avenue du Champ de Mars, 8, B7000 Mons, Belgium
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Institute Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Rue Meylemeersch, 90, B1070 Anderlecht, Belgium
| | - Sven Saussez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMONS), Avenue du Champ de Mars, 8, B7000 Mons, Belgium
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, CHU Saint-Pierre, Rue aux Laines, 105, B1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-65-37-35-84
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Gama-Cuellar AG, Francisco ALN, Scarini JF, Mariano FV, Kowalski LP, Gondak R. Decreased CD1a + and CD83 + cells in tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma regardless of HPV status. J Appl Oral Sci 2022; 30:e20210702. [PMID: 35584505 PMCID: PMC9126112 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2020-0702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that play a critical role in the immune response against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and represent a therapeutic target in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - João Figueira Scarini
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Departamento de Anatomia-Patológica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Viviane Mariano
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Departamento de Anatomia-Patológica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Rogério Gondak
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Departamento de Patologia, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
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Barbieri S, Schuch LF, Cascaes AM, Gomes APN, Tarquinio SBC, Mesquita RA, Vasconcelos ACU, Etges A. Does smoking habit affect dendritic cell expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma? Braz Oral Res 2022; 36:e044. [PMID: 35293509 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the presence of immature CD1a+ and mature CD83+ dendritic cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma, to compare immunoreactivity between smokers and nonsmokers, and to correlate the results with histopathological grading. In this observational study, twenty-eight paraffin-embedded biopsies of oral squamous cell carcinoma were retrospectively retrieved and submitted to immunohistochemistry for immature CD1a+ and mature CD83+. Descriptive and statistical analyses were performed. The sample consisted of 18 man (64.3%) and 10 women (35.7%), with a mean age of 64.6 years in the nonsmoker group and 53.2 years in the smoker group. The tongue (11 cases, 39.2%) was the most commonly affected anatomical site, followed by gingiva (6 cases, 21.4%). Histopathological grading revealed 7 low-grade and 7 high-grade malignancy cases in each group, and no correlation with the number of positive DCs. The number of immature CD1a+ was not significantly different between smoker and nonsmoker groups, while a lower number of mature CD83+ was detected in the smoker group (p = 0.001). Smoking changes the oral immune system and decreases the ability to activate and mature dendritic cells, which may influence the development and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silene Barbieri
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, School of Dentistry, Diagnostic Centre for Oral Diseases, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Lauren Frenzel Schuch
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Andreia Morales Cascaes
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, School of Dentistry, Diagnostic Centre for Oral Diseases, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Neutzling Gomes
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, School of Dentistry, Diagnostic Centre for Oral Diseases, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Alves Mesquita
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Etges
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, School of Dentistry, Diagnostic Centre for Oral Diseases, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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5
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Yang Y, Shen S, Wang P, Wang X. Efficacy of photodynamic therapy in actinic cheilitis: a systematic review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 38:102782. [PMID: 35218940 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has gradually developed into a promising modality for actinic cheilitis (AC), and many new PDT strategies are emerging. However, comprehensive reviews evaluating the efficacy of PDT strategies for AC are lacking. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the safety and efficacy of PDT strategies for AC. METHODS A systematic review was conducted using three databases to compare several types of PDT for AC in terms of clinical response (CR), histopathology response (HR), cosmetic result, and adverse events. RESULTS A total of 19 studies were included, and 292 subjects were finally enrolled. The complete CR rate of ALA-patch PDT, traditional photodynamic therapy (T-PDT), and daylight photodynamic therapy (DL-PDT) was 80.00% (24/30), 65.14% (114/179), and 76.74% (33/43), respectively. The rate of painless patients was 87.10% (27/31) in DL-PDT, whereas the rate was only 31.25% (15/48) in T-PDT. The rates of moderate and severe local phototoxicity were 47.78% (43/90) in T-PDT, 0.00% (0/23) in DL-PDT, and 21.05% (4/19) in ALA-patch PDT. CONCLUSION Published literature suggests that ALA-patch PDT seem to achieve high complete CR rate. Besides, DL-PDT might be a well-tolerated therapy compared with T-PDT and ALA-patch PDT. However, these assumptions are made based on very limited data. It is necessary to conduct a long-term larger sample randomized controlled trial to further evaluate the efficacy and adverse events of various PDT schemes for AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Yang
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai
| | - Shuzhan Shen
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai
| | - Peiru Wang
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai.
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai.
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6
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Stähelin H, Francisco ALN, Mariano FV, Kowalski LP, Gondak R. Impact of smoking on dendritic cells in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Braz Oral Res 2021; 35:e075. [PMID: 34495136 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking has been shown to alter innate and adaptive immune responses and is directly associated with the onset of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cigarette smoke exposure on dendritic cells (DCs) from OSCC patients. CD1a and CD83 antibodies were used to identify immature and mature DCs, respectively, by immunohistochemistry in OSCC samples of 24 smokers and 24 non-smokers. Density of DCs was calculated in intra and peritumoral areas. Clinical and microscopic findings were reviewed and analyzed for all patients. Smokers with OSCC had a lower density of intra and peritumoral DCs when compared to non-smokers. Tumors classified as moderately/poorly differentiated had lower peritumoral CD1a+ DCs than well-differentiated tumors (p < 0.001). Smoking contributed to a depletion of immature and mature DCs in the OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heron Stähelin
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Department of Dentistry, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Viviane Mariano
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Rogério Gondak
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Department of Pathology, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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7
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Treatments of actinic cheilitis: A systematic review of the literature. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020; 83:876-887. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.07.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Abstract
The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program from the National Cancer Institute reports that the aggregate number of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer cases has been increasing over the past decade and, despite an overall decline in oral cavity cancers, this increase is largely related to a dramatic increase in cancers involving oropharyngeal subsites. Early detection of oral cavity cancers is commensurate with improved survival, and opportunistic screening by trained clinicians to detect oral cavity cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders is recommended by the American Dental Association and the American Academy of Oral Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ojeda
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, School of Dentistry, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, office 2.565U, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Michaell A Huber
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, School of Dentistry, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Alexander R Kerr
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24th Street, Room 813C, New York, NY 10010, USA.
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9
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Wondergem NE, Nauta IH, Muijlwijk T, Leemans CR, van de Ven R. The Immune Microenvironment in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: on Subsets and Subsites. Curr Oncol Rep 2020; 22:81. [PMID: 32602047 PMCID: PMC7324425 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-020-00938-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand why some patients respond to immunotherapy but many do not, a clear picture of the tumor microenvironment (TME) of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is key. Here we review the current understanding on the immune composition per HNSCC subsite, the importance of the tumor's etiology and the prognostic power of specific immune cells. RECENT FINDINGS Large cohort data are mostly based on deconvolution of transcriptional databases. Studies focusing on infiltrate localization often entail small cohorts, a mixture of HNSCC subsites, or focus on a single immune marker rather than the interaction between cells within the TME. Conclusions on the prognostic impact of specific immune cells in HNSCC are hampered by the use of heterogeneous or small cohorts. To move forward, the field should focus on deciphering the immune composition per HNSCC subsite, in powered cohorts and considering the molecular diversity in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels E Wondergem
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University medical center, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irene H Nauta
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University medical center, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tara Muijlwijk
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University medical center, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C René Leemans
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University medical center, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rieneke van de Ven
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University medical center, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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10
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Fernandes DT, van Heerden WF, Ribeiro AC, Brandão TB, Mello ES, Rivera C, van Heerden MB, Gondak R, Santos-Silva AR, Vargas PA, Lopes MA. Different methods of cell quantification can lead to different results: a comparison of digital methods using a pilot study of dendritic cells in HIV-positive patients. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2020; 25:e431-e438. [PMID: 32134901 PMCID: PMC7211365 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although new digital pathology tools have improved the positive cell quantification, there is a heterogeneity of the quantification methods in the literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate and propose a novel dendritic cells quantification method in squamous cell carcinoma comparing it with a conventional quantification method. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-six squamous cell carcinomas HIV-positive cases affecting the oropharynx, lips and oral cavity were selected. Immunohistochemistry for CD1a, CD83, and CD207 was performed. The immunohistochemical stains were evaluated by automated examination using a positive pixel count algorithm. A conventional quantification method (unspecific area method; UA) and a novel method (specific area method; SA) were performed obtaining the corresponding density of positive dendritic cells for the intratumoral and peritumoral regions. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to verify the influence of the quantification methods on the positive cell counting according to the evaluated regions. Data were subjected to the ANOVA and Student's t-test to verify the influence of the tumour location, stage, histological grade, and amount of inflammation on the dendritic cells density counting. RESULTS The cell quantification method affected the dendritic cells counting independently of the evaluated region (P-value <0.05). Significant differences between methods were also observed according to the tumour features evaluations. CONCLUSIONS The positive cell quantification method influences the dendritic cells density results. Unlike the conventional method (UA method), the novel SA method avoids non-target areas included in the hotspots improving the reliability and reproducibility of the density cell quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- D-T Fernandes
- Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba - UNICAMP Departamento de Diagnóstico Oral - Semiologia Av. Limeira, 901 CEP 13.414-903 Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
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11
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Density of Langerhans Cells in Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers: A Systematic Review. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:8745863. [PMID: 32377167 PMCID: PMC7187722 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8745863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Langerhans cells (LCs) are bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) that represent 2-3% of the entire cell population of the human skin, known to have an ability to present antigens to T lymphocytes. Moreover, there is evidence that LCs are probably capable of inducing the local cytotoxic type T-cell-mediated response against the tumour-associated antigens. In the past two decades, a dramatic increase has been noted in the incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The purpose of this study was to critically assess the results of available studies quantitatively assessing the LCs in nonmelanoma skin cancers and try to establish a conclusion of its possible impact on their future treatment. The PubMed, EMBASE, and the Web of Science databases were searched, which returned 948 citations. After a thorough analysis of full article texts, 30 studies have been chosen, including 11 of the BCC, 12 of the SCC specimens, and 7 analysing both tumour types. There was an overall trend towards slightly higher numbers of LCs in BCC than in SCC; however, these tendencies were discrepant between the studies. We presume that such differences could be caused by various staining techniques with a broad spectrum of specificity, including anti-S100, anti-CD1a, and ATPase activity staining used for LCs identification. We hypothesise that as there is a high inconsistency between the results of the studies, as far as the densities of LCs observed in the specimens are concerned, it seems that the mechanism of the influence of LCs on the antitumoural immune response is complicated. Finally, as at present, there is a paucity of available risk scores for the recurrence or progression of BCC or SCC, the creation of classification stratifying that risk including the density of LCs could bring additional information both for the physician and the patient.
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12
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Sales de Sá R, Miranda Galvis M, Mariz BALA, Leite AA, Schultz L, Almeida OP, Santos-Silva AR, Pinto CAL, Vargas PA, Gollob KJ, Kowalski LP. Increased Tumor Immune Microenvironment CD3+ and CD20+ Lymphocytes Predict a Better Prognosis in Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:622161. [PMID: 33718347 PMCID: PMC7951138 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.622161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) causes over 350,000 cases annually and particularly impacts populations in developing countries. Smoking and alcohol consumption are major risk factors. Determining the role of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in OTSCC outcomes can elucidate immune mechanisms behind disease progression, and can potentially identify prognostic biomarkers. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 48 OTSCC surgical specimens from patients with tobacco and alcohol exposures. A panel of immunoregulatory cell subpopulations including T (CD3, CD4, CD8) and B (CD20) lymphocytes, dendritic cells (CD1a, CD83), macrophages (CD68), and immune checkpoint molecules programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and ligand 1 (PD-L1) were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. The levels of immune effector cell subpopulations and markers were analyzed in relation to overall survival. Results: Pathological characteristics of the tumor microenvironment included inflammatory infiltrates (83.3%), desmoplasia (41.6%), and perineural invasion (50.0%). The TIME contained high levels of T cells (CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+) and B cells (CD20+), as well as immature (CD1a) and mature (CD83) dendritic cells, PD-1, and PD-L1. Higher numbers of TIME infiltrating CD3+ T cells and CD20+ B cells were predictive of better survival, while higher levels of CD83+ mature dendritic cells predicted better survival. CD3+ T cells were identified as an independent prognostic marker for OTSCC. Lastly, CD3+ T cells were strongly correlated with the number of CD8+ cells and PD-L1 expression. Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence that the TIME profile of OTSSC impacted prognosis. The high expression of CD3+ T cells and B cells are predictive of better overall survival and indicative of an immunologically active, inflammatory TIME in patients with better survival. The number of CD3+ T cells was an independent prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raísa Sales de Sá
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Marisol Miranda Galvis
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | | | - Amanda Almeida Leite
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Luciana Schultz
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Instituto de Anatomia Patologica–IAP, Santa Barbara d'Oeste, Brazil
| | - Oslei Paes Almeida
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Kenneth John Gollob
- International Research Center, A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Luiz Paulo Kowalski
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13
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Santana T, Matuck B, Tenório JR, Braga MM. Can immunohistochemical biomarkers distinguish epithelial dysplasia degrees in actinic cheilitis? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2020; 25:e106-e116. [PMID: 31880283 PMCID: PMC6982981 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Actinic cheilitis (AC) is a potentially malignant disorder of the lip, characterized by epithelial and connective tissue alterations caused by chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation. In the past decades, diverse studies have been conducted in lip carcinogenesis and many biomarkers have been identified in lip lesions, yet there is no scientific evidence that determines its usefulness in the clinical setting or in histopathological routine. Therefore, we conducted the first systematic review in this field to summarize the results of published studies on immunohistochemical biomarkers in lip carcinogenesis, to evaluate if there is a marker than can distinguish the different histological grades of AC. MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective studies that investigated immunohistochemical biomarkers in AC defined on standardised histological assessment were gathered from five databases and evaluated. Each study was qualitatively evaluated using the Critical Appraisal Tools from SUMARI. RESULTS The proliferation marker Ki-67 was the most studied biomarker and we observed, through meta-analysis, that it was differently expressed between AC and lip cancer, but not in AC subgroups. Most articles had a high risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the literature lacks quality follow up studies in actinic cheilitis. Multi-centre cohort studies, with patients stratified by treatment type and the use of image analysis software, could be the solution to further address the issues of investigating potentially malignant lesions and help change clinical practice, in terms of individualizing patients' treatment and prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Santana
- School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Pathology University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes, 2227 Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
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14
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Silva LC, Fonseca FP, Almeida OP, Mariz BA, Lopes MA, Radhakrishnan R, Sharma M, Kowalski LP, Vargas PA. CD1a+ and CD207+ cells are reduced in oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2020; 25:e49-e55. [PMID: 31880289 PMCID: PMC6982989 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of this study investigated the distribution of immature dendritic cells (DCs), Langerhans cells and plasmacytoid DCs in oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), OSMF associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSMF-OSCC), oral leukoplakia (OL), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
Material and Methods Fourteen cases of OSMF, 9 of OSMF-OSCC, 8 of OL¸ 45 of OSCC and 8 of normal epithelium were retrospectively retrieved and their diagnoses confirmed. Immunoreactions against CD1a, CD207 e CD303 were performed and the number of positive cells quantified.
Results A significant decrease of CD1a+ was found in OSMF (p≤0.05), OSMF-OSCC (p ≤ 0.01), and OSCC (p ≤ 0.001) when compared to normal epithelium. For CD207+ the significance decrease was observed in OSMF-OSCC (p ≤ 0.05), and OSCC (p ≤ 0.01) when compared with normal epithelium, and in OSMF when compared with OL (p ≤ 0.05). There was no significant difference for CD303, but increased in CD303+ was observed in OSCC when compared with normal epithelium.
Conclusions The decrease in the number of CD1a+ and CD207+ cells may be associate to the development of oral OSCC, and in OPMDs they might be indicators of malignant transformation. Key words:Premalignant lesions, oral submucous fibrosis, oral squamous cell carcinoma, immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-C Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis - Oral Pathology Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas Av Limeira, 901 - 13414-016 Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Cáceres CVBLD, Vargas PA, Sánchez-Romero C, Bunn BK, Heerden WFPV, Fonseca FP. Distribution of Dendritic Cells in AIDS-Associated Oral Kaposi's Sarcoma. Braz Dent J 2019; 30:617-625. [PMID: 31800757 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201902599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine if the distribution of Langerhans cells (LC) and interstitial dendritic cells (IDC) is altered in AIDS-associated oral Kaposi's sarcoma when compared to HIV-negative highly vascular oral lesions. Fifty-one cases of AIDS-associated oral Kaposi's sarcoma and 20 of highly vascular oral lesions were retrospectively retrieved. All cases of Kaposi's sarcoma were confirmed with immunoreactions against CD34 and HHV-8. Clinical data regarding sex, age and lesions location were obtained from pathology reports. Immunohistochemistry against CD207 (immature dendritic cells) and CD83 (mature dendritic cells) were done. LC were in the epithelium and IDC in the stroma. CD207+ cells predominated in the epithelium of the lesions, whereas CD83+ cells predominated in their stromal compartment. Kaposi's sarcoma had a lower CD207+ immature LC count (p=0.02) and an increased CD207+ IDC than highly vascular oral lesions (p<0.001). Moreover, Kaposi's sarcoma also showed an increased number of mature CD83+ IDC than highly vascular oral lesions (p<0.001). There were significant alterations in the distribution of LC and IDC in AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma when compared to HIV-negative vascular oral lesions, suggesting that changes in their concentrations may play a role in the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, UNICAMP - Universidade de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.,Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Celeste Sánchez-Romero
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, UNICAMP - Universidade de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Belinda K Bunn
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Willie F P van Heerden
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Felipe Paiva Fonseca
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, UNICAMP - Universidade de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.,Department of Oral Surgery and Patholog, School of Dentistry, UFMG, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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16
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Ni YH, Zhang XX, Lu ZY, Huang XF, Wang ZY, Yang Y, Dong YC, Jing Y, Song Y, Hou YY, Hua ZC, Hu QG. Tumor-Infiltrating CD1a + DCs and CD8 +/FoxP3 + Ratios Served as Predictors for Clinical Outcomes in Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 26:1687-1695. [PMID: 31606786 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00701-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating immune cells engage in an extensive crosstalk with tumors and act as two-edged swords by inhibiting or promoting cancer growth. Therefore, identifying the density and prognostic values of tumor-infiltrating immune cells will provide valuable tips for cancer treatments. In this study, we identified the density of tumor inflammatory infiltrates and the number of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, including CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, FoxP3+ T cells and CD1a+ dendritic cells (DCs) in 153 tongue squamous cell carcinomas (TSCC). High inflammatory cell infiltration was associated with better overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS). Moreover, the number of CD3+, CD4+, FoxP3+ and CD1a+ cells were associated with tumor differentiation (P<0.001) and the number of FoxP3+, CD1a+ cells and CD8+/FoxP3+ ratios were also associated with tumor stage (P<0.01, P<0.01, P<0.05). In addition, patients with higher CD1a+ DCs had better OS and increased CD8+/FoxP3+ ratios were associated with improved OS and DFS (P = 0.037; P = 0.047; P = 0.033). In conclusion, our results indicated that tumor-infiltrating CD1a+ DCs and CD8+/FoxP3+ ratios were associated with favorable clinical outcomes but not independent prognostic factors for TSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hong Ni
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhan-Yi Lu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Huang
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying-Chun Dong
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Jing
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxian Song
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ya-Yi Hou
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zi-Chun Hua
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin-Gang Hu
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. .,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. .,, Nanjing, China.
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17
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Sena LSBD, Santos HBDP, Amaral MGD, Gordón-Núñez MA, Alves PM, Nonaka CFW. Immunoexpression of human leukocyte antigen-DR in actinic cheilitis and lower lip squamous cell carcinoma. Braz Oral Res 2019; 33:e085. [PMID: 31483051 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2019.vol33.0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunoexpression of human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) in actinic cheilitis (AC) and lower lip squamous cell carcinoma (LLSCC), and to correlate the findings with clinical (tumor size/extent, regional lymph node metastasis, and clinical stage) and histopathological (grade of epithelial dysplasia and inflammatory infiltrate for AC and histopathological grade of malignancy for LLSCC) parameters. Twenty-four AC and 48 LLSCC cases (24 with regional nodal metastasis and 24 without regional nodal metastasis) were selected. The scores of immunopositive cells for HLA-DR in the epithelial component of the lesions were assessed and the results were analyzed statistically using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. Epithelial expression of HLA-DR was observed in only five (20.8%) cases of AC (two low-grade and three high-grade lesions), with a very low median score of immunopositivity. By contrast, expression of HLA-DR was found in most LLSCC (97.9%), with a relatively high median score of positive cells. The score of HLA-DR-positive cells tended to be higher in tumors with regional lymph node metastasis, tumors in advanced clinical stages, and low-grade tumors, but the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). In addition, there was a tendency towards higher expression of HLA-DR in highly/moderately keratinized tumors, and tumors with little/moderate nuclear pleomorphism (p > 0.05). The results suggest a potential role of HLA-DR in lip carcinogenesis, particularly in the development and progression of LLSCC. The expression of this protein can be related to the degree of cell differentiation in these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Pollianna Muniz Alves
- Universidade Estadual da Paraíba - UEPB, Department of Dentistry, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
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18
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Carvalho MDV, de Moraes SLD, Lemos CAA, Santiago Júnior JF, Vasconcelos BCDE, Pellizzer EP. Surgical versus non-surgical treatment of actinic cheilitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Dis 2018; 25:972-981. [PMID: 29908101 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to compare outcomes between surgical and non-surgical treatment of actinic cheilitis (AC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline were performed. A search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted. Articles were selected based on the inclusion criteria: randomized clinical trials, prospective/retrospective studies, and case series with at least 10 patients, with a minimum follow-up period of 6 months. A weighted remission rate (RER) and recurrence rate (RR) with a 95% confidence interval was performed. Data analysis was performed using a comprehensive meta-analysis software. RESULTS A total of 283 ACs in 10 studies were included. About 2.5% surgically treated cases underwent malignant transformation. The weighted remission rate was higher for surgical (92.8%) compared to non-surgical treatment (65.9%). The recurrence rate was lower for surgical (8.4%) compared to non-surgical treatment (19.2%). CONCLUSION In this systematic review, the surgical treatment was more favorable than non-surgical for AC. Meanwhile, further studies are needed that should maximize methodological standardization and have greater rigor of the data collection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne de Vasconcelos Carvalho
- Post-Graduate Dentistry Program, School of Dentistry, Pernambuco University (UPE), Camaragibe, Pernambuco, Brazil.,School of Dentistry, Pernambuco University (UPE), Arcoverde, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Eduardo Piza Pellizzer
- Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
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19
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Souto GR, Matias MDP, Nunes LFM, Ferreira RC, Mesquita RA. Mature dendritic cell density is affected by smoking habit, lesion size, and epithelial dysplasia in oral leukoplakia samples. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 95:51-57. [PMID: 30056280 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the densities of CD1a + immature and CD83+ mature dendritic cells, and inflammatory infiltrate cells between smokers and non-smokers with oral leukoplakia. Parameters associated with malignant transformation were also evaluated. DESIGN 21 smokers and 23 non-smokers diagnosed with oral leukoplakia were obtained. Densities of inflammatory infiltrate cells were calculated in H&E sections. Immunohistochemistry using anti-CD1a and anti-CD83 was performed and densities were calculated. Comparisons and statistical analyses were performed among the groups and parameters as gender, lesion size, site, and presence of cell dysplasia were analyzed. RESULTS A lower density of CD83+ cells was observed in smokers compared to non-smokers (P < 0.05). For samples of smokers, a lower density of CD1a + cells, CD83+ cells, and inflammatory infiltrate cells was observed in samples with <10 mm compared to samples ≥10 mm of diameter (P < 0.05), and a lower density of CD83+ cells was also observed between samples without dysplasia compared to samples with dysplasia (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In oral leukoplakia samples, dendritic cell density decreases in the presence of smoking habit, and increases in larger lesions and with epithelial dysplasia. Smoking habit is an external factor that contribute to alteration of the anti-tumoral immune defense system in lesions of oral leucoplakia, reinforcing that smoking elimination is important to control the development of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Ribeiro Souto
- Department of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Hospital Público Regional de Betim, Betim, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
| | - Michelle Danielle Porto Matias
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Laiz Fernandes Mendes Nunes
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Raquel Conceição Ferreira
- Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Alves Mesquita
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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20
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Jardim JF, Gondak R, Galvis MM, Pinto CAL, Kowalski LP. A decreased peritumoral CD1a+ cell number predicts a worse prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Histopathology 2018; 72:905-913. [PMID: 29023924 DOI: 10.1111/his.13415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Dendritic cells (DCs) are known to play a central role in the regulation of both innate and adaptive immunological responses, including antitumour immunity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of intratumoral and peritumoral DCs in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) affecting the tongue and floor of the mouth. METHODS AND RESULTS Immunohistochemistry for CD1a and CD83 was performed in 53 patients with OSCC in the tongue and floor of the mouth. The markers were evaluated by automated examination in intratumoral and peritumoral compartments, and the results were expressed as density of cells/mm2 . Correlations between these data and clinicopathological and survival outcomes were investigated. Depletion of peritumoral CD1a+ cells was associated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.05), whereas depletion of peritumoral CD83+ cells was correlated with smoking history (P = 0.04), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.015), and extracapsular spread of lymph nodes (P = 0.018). Peritumoral CD1a+ was correlated with recurrence (P = 0.007) and overall survival (P = 0.03). The results of the survival analysis with the Cox proportional hazard model showed that depletion of peritumoral CD1a+ cells is an independent factor associated with overall survival and disease-free survival. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that depletion of peritumoral CD1a+ cells is a strong independent prognostic factor, predicting a higher recurrence rates and worse survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juscelino F Jardim
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rogério Gondak
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopólis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Marisol M Galvis
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clovis A L Pinto
- Department of Pathology, AC Camargo Cancer Centre, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz P Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, AC Camargo Cancer Centre, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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21
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Pellicioli ACA, Bingle L, Farthing P, Lopes MA, Martins MD, Vargas PA. Immunosurveillance profile of oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral epithelial dysplasia through dendritic and T-cell analysis. J Oral Pathol Med 2017; 46:928-933. [PMID: 28585308 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) can arise from potentially malignant disorders, such as leukoplakia. The immune system plays an important role recognizing tumour precursor cells. However, due to immuno-editing mechanisms cancer cells are able to escape immune system surveillance. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the profile of dendritic (Langerhans and plasmacytoid) and T cells in OSCC and oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and correlate these findings with clinical data. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty cases of OSCC and 48 of OED were immunostained for CD1a and CD83 dendritic Langerhans cells (DLC), CD303 plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) and CD8 followed by quantitative analysis. RESULTS Analysis revealed a significant decrease in the number of mature CD83 DLC in OSCC compared with OED. CD303 positivity was significantly increased in the OSCC group when compared to OED. CD8-positive lymphocytes were significantly decreased in OSCC compared with OED lesions. No statistical correlation was found with clinical data. CONCLUSION The number of mature dendritic cells (DC) was decreased in OSCC compared with OED lesions suggesting that either these cells might have migrated to lymph nodes to present the tumour antigens and activate the immune system or cytokines secreted by the tumour microenvironment are inhibiting the adequate maturation of DLC. The numbers of pDC were significantly increased in the OSCC group compared with the OED group. This suggests they may play an important role in the defence against tumours although it is not clear whether this is promoting or inhibiting malignant progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lynne Bingle
- Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.,School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Paula Farthing
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.,School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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22
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Wang YP, Chen IC, Wu YH, Wu YC, Chen HM, Yu-Fong Chang J. Langerhans cell counts in oral epithelial dysplasia and their correlation to clinicopathological parameters. J Formos Med Assoc 2017; 116:457-463. [PMID: 28292622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Langerhans cells (LCs) are antigen presenting cells. This study assessed the LC counts in oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and their correlation to clinicopathological parameters. METHODS This study examined the LC counts in the epithelia and subepithelial connective tissues of 58 patients with OED (21 mild, 18 moderate, and 19 severe OED lesions) and 10 specimens of normal oral mucosa (NOM) by anti-S-100 protein immunostaining. RESULTS We found that the mean LC counts in the epithelia or subepithelial connective tissues increased significantly from NOM samples through mild and moderate OED to severe OED samples. In addition, a significant correlation was found between higher mean LC counts in the dysplastic epithelia of OED samples and OED lesions with thicker epithelial layers (p<0.001) or wider inflammatory zones (p<0.001), and between higher mean LC counts in the subepithelial connective tissues of OED samples and OED lesions with wider inflammatory zones (p<0.001). Moreover, the nine OED lesions with malignant transformation had a significantly lower mean LC count than the 49 OED lesions without malignant transformation. CONCLUSION The significant and gradual elevation in LC count from NOM through mild and moderate OED to severe OED lesions suggests an upregulation of immunosurveillance ability in OED patients during the early oral carcinogenesis process. A low LC count in OED lesions may suggest the partial loss of immunosurveillance ability against dysplastic cells; this in turn favors the malignant transformation of an OED lesion into oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Chang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsueh Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Che Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ming Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Julia Yu-Fong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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