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Cai X, Zhang J, Zhang H, Li T. Biomarkers of malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia: from bench to bedside. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2023; 24:868-882. [PMID: 37752089 PMCID: PMC10522567 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2200589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Oral leukoplakia is a common precursor lesion of oral squamous cell carcinoma, which indicates a high potential of malignancy. The malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia seriously affects patient survival and quality of life; however, it is difficult to identify oral leukoplakia patients who will develop carcinoma because no biomarker exists to predict malignant transformation for effective clinical management. As a major problem in the field of head and neck pathologies, it is imperative to identify biomarkers of malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia. In this review, we discuss the potential biomarkers of malignant transformation reported in the literature and explore the translational probabilities from bench to bedside. Although no single biomarker has yet been applied in the clinical setting, profiling for genomic instability might be a promising adjunct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjia Cai
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology / National Center of Stomatology / National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases / National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, China
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology / National Center of Stomatology / National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases / National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, China
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Heyu Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Tiejun Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology / National Center of Stomatology / National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases / National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, China.
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing 100081, China.
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Harris A, Andl T. Precancerous Lesions of the Head and Neck Region and Their Stromal Aberrations: Piecemeal Data. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082192. [PMID: 37190121 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) develop through a series of precancerous stages from a pool of potentially malignant disorders (PMDs). Although we understand the genetic changes that lead to HNSCC, our understanding of the role of the stroma in the progression from precancer to cancer is limited. The stroma is the primary battleground between the forces that prevent and promote cancer growth. Targeting the stroma has yielded promising cancer therapies. However, the stroma at the precancerous stage of HNSCCs is poorly defined, and we may miss opportunities for chemopreventive interventions. PMDs already exhibit many features of the HNSCC stroma, such as inflammation, neovascularization, and immune suppression. Still, they do not induce cancer-associated fibroblasts or destroy the basal lamina, the stroma's initial structure. Our review aims to summarize the current understanding of the transition from precancer to cancer stroma and how this knowledge can reveal opportunities and limitations for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic decisions to benefit patients. We will discuss what may be needed to fulfill the promise of the precancerous stroma as a target to prevent progression to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee Harris
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 12722 Research Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Thomas Andl
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 12722 Research Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
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Overexpression of Laminin 5γ2 Chain Correlates with Tumor Cell Proliferation, Invasion, and Poor Prognosis in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:7248064. [PMID: 36284634 PMCID: PMC9588344 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7248064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a common malignant tumor. Laminin 5γ2 chain (LAMC2) was reported to be associated with tumorigenesis. This study explored the role of LAMC2 on LSCC progression by regulating the integrinβ1/FAK/Src/AKT pathway. Methods The level of LAMC2 in 46 LSCC patients was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. Then the relationship between LAMC2 expression and LSCC malignancy as well as prognosis was analyzed, and the effect of LAMC2 expression on LSCC patient survival was also analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier survival curves. Afterwards, the LSCC cells were transfected with LAMC2 overexpression and knockdown vectors, the effect of LAMC2 on LSCC cell viability, proliferation ability, cell cycle, cell migration, and invasion were detected by CCK-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, wound healing, and Transwell assays. The expression of EMT-related biomarkers and integrin β1/FAK/Src/AKT signaling-related proteins was detected by western blot. Moreover, the effect of LAMC2 on LSCC tumor growth was evaluated by in vivo xenograft experiments and western blot. Results LAMC2 was expressed at high level in LSCC tissues and associated with poor prognosis. LAMC2 overexpression increased TU177 cell viability, proliferation ability, promoted cell cycle, cell migration, and invasion capacity. The expression of N-cadherin, vimentin, and integrinβ1/FAK/Src/AKT related proteins was increased, while the expression of E-cadherin protein was decreased. When the LAMC2 knockdown in AMC-HN-8 cells had opposite effects. Furthermore, shLAMC2 decreased tumor volume and the expression of LAMC2, Ki-67 and integrinβ1, but increased the expression of E-cadherin in LSCC tumor-bearing mice. Conclusion The findings suggested that LAMC2 was overexpressed in LSCC and correlated with poor prognosis. LAMC2 knockdown inhibited LSCC progression by regulating the integrinβ1/FAK/Src/AKT signaling pathway. Therefore, LAMC2 could be a target for LSCC therapy.
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Jin G, Zhang J, Cao T, Zhu H, Shi Y. Celecoxib Reverse Invasion and Metastasis of Gastric Cancer through Lnc_AC006548.28-miR-223-LAMC2 Pathway. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:6140727. [PMID: 35669642 PMCID: PMC9167023 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6140727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Celecoxib, a specific cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, is a traditional nonsteroidal antipyretic analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug commonly used in clinic, which has inhibitory effect on colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, and other malignant tumors. This study showed that Celecoxib could significantly reverse the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer and improved the pathological changes due to GC. We collected the clinical specimens to analyze the correlation between the expression of Lnc_AC006548.28, miR-223, and LAMC2. In the mouse model, Celecoxib can slowdown the growth of GC tumor and the occurrence of this effect may depend on Lnc_AC006548.28-miR-223-LAMC2 pathway, in vitro transfection, RT-PCR, western blot, CCK8, small chamber assay, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry to retest the protective effect of celecoxib. Our results showed that Celecoxib could reverse invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer through Lnc_AC006548.28-miR-223-LAMC2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianguang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tingting Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Wu CL, Huang CC, Wu SY, Jiang SS, Tsai FY, Hsiao JR. A new scoring system facilitating diagnosis of oral squamous malignancy on biopsy specimens. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:165. [PMID: 35524231 PMCID: PMC9074340 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morphological evaluation of oral mucosal biopsy is sometimes inconclusive, which may delay the diagnosis and treatment of oral squamous malignancy. Immunohistochemical biomarkers denoting oral squamous malignancy would be clinically helpful in such scenario. METHODS We first studied the expression patterns of four potential biomarkers (cytokeratin 13, cytokeratin 17, Ki-67 and laminin 5 gamma 2 chain) in an exploratory cohort containing 54 surgical specimens from confirmed oral squamous malignancies. A pattern score was assigned to each specific expression pattern of these four biomarkers. A total score from each specimen was then calculated by summing up the four pattern scores. A cut-off value of total score denoting oral squamous malignancy was then determined. Another 34 oral squamous malignancies that were misdiagnosed as non-malignant lesions on their pre-treatment biopsies were used as a validation cohort to test the clinical utility of this scoring system. RESULTS In the exploratory cohort, fifty-two (96%) of the 54 confirmed oral squamous malignancies had a total score of 9 and above. In the validation cohort, thirty-one (91%) of the 34 pre-treatment oral biopsy specimens also had a total score of 9 or above, supporting the feasibility of using this scoring system to predict immediate risk of oral squamous malignancy. CONCLUSIONS Our four-biomarker "oral squamous malignancy scoring system" provides reliable prediction for immediate risk of oral squamous malignancy on pre-treatment oral biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Lin Wu
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chih Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng Li Road, Tainan, 70456, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Yin Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Sheng Jiang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Tsai
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Jenn-Ren Hsiao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng Li Road, Tainan, 70456, Taiwan.
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Zhao C, Shi W, Chen M. Long non-coding RNA BBOX1-antisense RNA 1 enhances cell proliferation and migration and suppresses apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma via the miR-3940-3p/laminin subunit gamma 2 axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:11138-11153. [PMID: 35506252 PMCID: PMC9278455 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2059982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an essential role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We aimed to demonstrate the effects of lncRNA gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase 1 (BBOX1)-antisense RNA 1 (AS1) in OSCC and its regulatory mechanisms. The levels of BBOX1-AS1, microRNA (miR)-3940-3p, and laminin subunit gamma 2 (LAMC2) in OSCC were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The correlations among BBOX1-AS1, miR-3940-3p, and LAMC2 were validated using luciferase, pull-down, and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. Cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis were examined. BBOX1-AS1 and LAMC2 were notably overexpressed in OSCC, while miR-3940-3p showed the opposite trend. BBOX-1-AS1 silencing reduced the cell proliferation and migration, while promoting apoptosis. Mechanistically, BBOX1-AS1 modulates LAMC2 expression by competitively binding to miR-3940-3p. miR-3940-3p inhibition alleviated the inhibitory effects of BBOX1-AS1 deficiency on OSCC development. LAMC2 knockdown reversed these changes. Our results revealed that BBOX1-AS1 promotes the malignant phenotype of OSCC cells via the upregulation of LAMC2 expression by targeting miR-3940-3p, indicating that BBOX1-AS1 may be a novel target for OSCC intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, the Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Hust, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Stomatology, the Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Zhou YM, Yao YL, Liu W, Shen XM, Shi LJ, Wu L. MicroRNA-134 inhibits tumor stem cell migration and invasion in oral squamous cell carcinomas via downregulation of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway by inhibiting LAMC2 expression. Cancer Biomark 2021; 29:51-67. [PMID: 32568182 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-191362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of the mouth. Some studies have found that multiple microRNAs (miRs) participate in OSCC physiological and pathological processes. METHODS We explored the mechanism of action of miR-134 in OSCC involving the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Different bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the potential genes and their related miRs in OSCC. Tumor stem cells were separated from OSCCs through magnetic cell sorting. Regulatory pattern between miR-134 and LAMC2 in OSCC was evaluated by ectopic expression, knockdown and reporter assay experiments. The expression of miR-134, LAMC2, genes in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and apoptosis-related genes was detected. Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay, cell invasion by scratch test, cell migration by Transwell assay, cell cycle and apoptosis by flow cytometry, and cell growth and migration by xenograft tumor in nude mice. LAMC2 was predicted as the crucial factor related to OSCC using different chip data, and miR-134 was predicted to specifically bind LAMC2 in all five databases. RESULTS Overexpressed miR-134 or silenced LAMC2 was observed to inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion of OSCC cells, growth of subcutaneous xenograft in nude mice, as well as promote OSCC cell apoptosis. LAMC2, a target gene of miR-134, decreased following miR-134 promotion, while the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway was inactivated following LAMC2 knockdown. Furthermore, we also observed that the effect of overexpressed miR-134 was enhanced when LAMC2 was knocked down. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings suggest that miR-134-mediated direct downregulation of LAMC2 inhibits migration and invasion of tumor stem cells in OSCC by suppressing the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Mei Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan West Central Hospital (Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Hainan Branch), Danzhou, Hainan, China.,Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Department of Stomatology, Hainan West Central Hospital (Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Hainan Branch), Danzhou, Hainan, China
| | - Yi-Lin Yao
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Department of Stomatology, Hainan West Central Hospital (Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Hainan Branch), Danzhou, Hainan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Min Shen
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin-Jun Shi
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Wu
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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Genes and pathways monotonically dysregulated during progression from normal through leukoplakia to gingivo-buccal oral cancer. NPJ Genom Med 2021; 6:32. [PMID: 33980865 PMCID: PMC8115176 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-021-00195-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma of the gingivo-buccal region (OSCC-GB) accounts for the highest cancer morbidity and mortality among men in India. It has been observed that about one-third of individuals with oral leukoplakia, a dysplastic precancerous lesion in the oral cavity, progress to oral cancer. We aimed to identify systematic transcriptomic changes as a normal tissue in the oral cavity progresses to frank OSCC-GB. Seventy-two OSCC-GB patients, from multiple hospitals, were recruited, and transcriptome analysis of tumor and adjacent normal tissue (of all patients) and adjacent leukoplakia tissue (of a subset of 25 unselected patients with concomitant leukoplakia) was performed. We have identified many differences in the transcriptomic profiles between OSCC-GB and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck regions. Compared to the normal/precancerous tissue, significant enrichment of ECM−receptor interaction, PI3K-Akt signaling, cytokine−cytokine receptor interaction, focal adhesion, and cell cycle pathways were observed in OSCC-GB. Using gene set enrichment analysis, we identified a profound role of interferon receptor signaling in tumor growth by activating immune evasion mechanisms. The role of tumor-infiltrating immune cells further supported the growth and immunosuppressive mechanism of tumor tissues. Some immune evasion genes—CD274, CD80, and IDO1—were found to be activated even in the precancerous tissue. Taken together, our findings provide a clear insight into the sequential genetic dysregulation associated with progression to oral cancer. This insight provides a window to the development of predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets for gingivo-buccal oral cancer.
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Okada Y, Takahashi N, Takayama T, Goel A. LAMC2 promotes cancer progression and gemcitabine resistance through modulation of EMT and ATP-binding cassette transporters in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:546-556. [PMID: 33624791 PMCID: PMC8086766 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgab011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive disease with poor prognosis. Gemcitabine remains an effective option for the majority of PDAC patients. Unfortunately, currently no reliable prognostic and predictive biomarkers of therapeutic response are available for the patients with PDAC. Laminin γ2 (LAMC2) is overexpressed in several cancers, and its high expression facilitates cancer development and chemoresistance. However, its functional role in PDAC remains unclear, and a better understanding of this will likely help improve the prognosis of PDAC patients. This study aimed to elucidate the clinical and biological role of LAMC2 in PDAC. We first analyzed the expression levels of LAMC2 by real-time reverse transcription PCR in a cohort of 114 PDAC patients. Interestingly, higher expression of LAMC2 significantly correlated with poor survival in PDAC cohort. In addition, elevated LAMC2 expression served as a potential prognostic marker for survival. Subsequently, functional characterization for the role of LAMC2 in PDAC was performed by small interfering RNA knockdown in pancreatic cancer (PC) cell lines. Interestingly, inhibition of LAMC2 in PC cells enhanced the gemcitabine sensitivity and induction of apoptosis. Moreover, it inhibited colony formation ability, migration and invasion potential. Furthermore, LAMC2 regulated the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype. In addition, LAMC2 significantly correlated with genes associated with the expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in PC cells and PDAC patients. In conclusion, these results suggest that LAMC2 regulates gemcitabine sensitivity through EMT and ABC transporters in PDAC and may be a novel therapeutic target in PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Okada
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Naoki Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Takayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Biomedical Research Center, 1218 S. Fifth Avenue, Suite 2226, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA. Tel: +1 626 218 3452;
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Deregulation of extracellular matrix modeling with molecular prognostic markers revealed by transcriptome sequencing and validations in Oral Tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:250. [PMID: 33420101 PMCID: PMC7794513 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78624-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OTSCC), a distinct sub-group of head and neck cancers, is characteristically aggressive in nature with a higher incidence of recurrence and metastasis. Recent advances in therapeutics have not improved patient survival. The phenomenon of occult node metastasis, even among the purportedly good prognosis group of early-stage and node-negative tongue tumors, leads to a high incidence of locoregional failure in OTSCC which needs to be addressed. In the current study, transcriptome analysis of OTSCC patients identified the key genes and deregulated pathways. A panel of 26 marker genes was shortlisted and validated using real-time PCR in a prospective cohort of 100 patients. The gene expression was correlated with clinicopathological features including occult node metastasis, survival, and therapeutic outcome. The up-regulation of a panel of 6 genes namely, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), Laminin subunit Gamma 2 (LAMC2), Desmoglein 2 (DSG2), Plasminogen Activator Urokinase (PLAU), Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1), and Myosin 1B (MYO1B) was associated with failure of treatment in the early stage (T1, T2). Up-regulation of Tenacin C (TNC) and Podoplanin (PDPN) was significantly correlated with occult node positivity. Immunohistochemical analysis of LAMC2, MMP9, and E-Cadherin (ECAD) confirmed these markers to be indicators of poor prognosis. We propose this panel of valuable prognostic markers can be clinically useful to identify poor prognosis and occult node metastasis in OTSCC patients.
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Monteiro L, Mello FW, Warnakulasuriya S. Tissue biomarkers for predicting the risk of oral cancer in patients diagnosed with oral leukoplakia: A systematic review. Oral Dis 2020; 27:1977-1992. [PMID: 33290585 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We performed a systematic review to evaluate the published biomarkers related to oral leukoplakia (OL), aiming to identify the biomarkers that indicate any future risk of cancer in patients with oral leukoplakia. METHODS A search strategy was developed for three main electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EBSCO, and also for Google Scholar, until February 28, 2020. The study selection was performed in a two-phase process aiming at studies assessing tissue biomarkers for "malignant transformation of OL." Risk of bias analysis of included studies was performed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies Tool. RESULTS From 3,130 articles initially identified by searching databases, a total of 46 studies were included in this systematic review, with a combined sample of 3,783 patients, of whom 1,047 presented with malignant transformation of a previously diagnosed OL as reported by the authors. The cancer incidence in the whole group was 27.6% (range: 5.4% to 54.1%). The studies were derived from different geographic areas, including Asia (n = 21), Europe (n = 15), North America (n = 9), and Oceania (n = 1). There were 49 different molecular biomarkers evaluated in the 46 included studies: p53 and podoplanin proteins were the most frequently reported, followed by abnormalities at particular chromosomal loci (e.g., LOH). Risk of bias analysis revealed concerns associated with "measurement of prognostic factor," "study confounding" and "statistical analysis and reporting." CONCLUSIONS Substantial heterogeneity and lack of standardized reporting of data among the studies were identified. The most promising biomarkers reported to have a significant association with the malignant transformation in OL included podoplanin and chromosomal loci abnormalities. A critical examination of the follow-up studies on OL published so far indicated that tissue biomarkers that could predict the risk of oral cancer in patients with OL are still in a discovery phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Monteiro
- Medicine and Oral Surgery Department, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), IUCS - Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Weber Mello
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Saman Warnakulasuriya
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London and WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer, London, UK
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Oral potentially malignant disorders: A scoping review of prognostic biomarkers. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 153:102986. [PMID: 32682268 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.102986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This scoping review aimed to map evidence regarding biomarkers for malignant transformation of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD). Seventy-three longitudinal studies investigating prognostic biomarkers for OPMD malignant transformation were included, encompassing 5612 disorders and 108 biomarkers, of which 72 were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Most biomarkers were assessed in one or two studies, while five (p53, Ki-67, podoplanin, p16, and DNA ploidy) were analyzed in five or more studies. All studies investigating podoplanin (n = 8) reported a significant association between positive/high immunoexpression and malignant transformation. Similarly, all studies assessing DNA ploidy (n = 5) found that aneuploidy or gross genomic aberrations were significantly associated with malignant transformation. Included studies often presented mixed data from different OPMD subtypes, inadequate description of population characteristics, and lack of adjusted analysis for confounding factors. One hundred and eight biomarkers were identified and, from these, podoplanin immunoexpression and DNA ploidy were considered promising candidates for future long-term clinical research.
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13
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Celentano A, Glurich I, Borgnakke WS, Farah CS. World Workshop on Oral Medicine VII: Prognostic biomarkers in oral leukoplakia and proliferative verrucous leukoplakia-A systematic review of retrospective studies. Oral Dis 2020; 27:848-880. [PMID: 32306449 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review retrospective studies examining prognostic potentials of candidate biomarkers to stratify malignant progression of oral leukoplakia (OL) and proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL). MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, Evidence-Based Medicine and Web of Science databases targeted literature published through 29 March 2018. Inter-rater agreement was ascertained during title, abstract and full-text reviews. Eligibility evaluation and data abstraction from eligible studies were guided by predefined PICO questions and bias assessment by the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. Reporting followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis criteria. Biomarkers were stratified based on cancer hallmarks. RESULTS Eligible studies (n = 54/3,415) evaluated 109 unique biomarkers in tissue specimens from 2,762 cases (2,713 OL, 49 PVL). No biomarker achieved benchmarks for clinical application to detect malignant transformation. Inter-rater reliability was high, but 65% of included studies had high "Study Confounding" bias risk. CONCLUSION There was no evidence to support translation of candidate biomarkers predictive of malignant transformation of OL and PVL. Systematically designed, large, optimally controlled, collaborative, prospective and longitudinal studies with a priori-specified methods to identify, recruit, prospectively follow and test for malignant transformation are needed to enhance feasibility of prognostic biomarkers predicting malignant OL or PVL transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Celentano
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Ingrid Glurich
- Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Wenche S Borgnakke
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Camile S Farah
- Australian Centre for Oral Oncology Research & Education, Perth, WA, Australia.,Oral, Maxillofacial and Dental Surgery, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia
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14
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Pei YF, Liu J, Cheng J, Wu WD, Liu XQ. Silencing of LAMC2 Reverses Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Inhibits Angiogenesis in Cholangiocarcinoma via Inactivation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling Pathway. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 189:1637-1653. [PMID: 31345467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant cancer that is associated with high mortality rates. The relationship between laminin γ 2 chain gene (LAMC2) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been previously documented in gastric cancer and oral squamous cell carcinoma. This study investigates the role of LAMC2 in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis in CCA and explores the underlying mechanism(s). Differentially expressed genes related to CCA were initially screened using a microarray analysis, and the interaction between LAMC2 and the EGFR signaling pathway was identified. To determine the regulatory effects of LAMC2 on CCA progression, LAMC2 was silenced or overexpressed and the EGFR signaling pathway was activated or blocked. Subsequently, the regulation effects of LAMC2 were evaluated on the expression of EMT markers, invasion and migration of CCA cells, as well as microvessel density in nude mice. Microarray analysis demonstrated that highly expressed LAMC2 is linked to CCA development, which involves the EGFR signaling pathway. When LAMC2 expression was increased, the EGFR signaling pathway and EMT were activated in CCA tissues. Silencing of LAMC2 as well as EGFR signaling pathway inhibition led to suppression of EMT, cell invasion, and migration abilities in vitro, as well as angiogenesis in vivo. This study demonstrates that LAMC2 silencing suppresses the activity of the EGFR signaling pathway, thus functioning as a tumor suppressor in CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Fei Pei
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Cheng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ding Wu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xi-Qiang Liu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Nguyen CTK, Sawangarun W, Mandasari M, Morita KI, Harada H, Kayamori K, Yamaguchi A, Sakamoto K. AIRE is induced in oral squamous cell carcinoma and promotes cancer gene expression. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0222689. [PMID: 32012175 PMCID: PMC6996854 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune regulator (AIRE) is a transcriptional regulator that is primarily expressed in medullary epithelial cells, where it induces tissue-specific antigen expression. Under pathological conditions, AIRE expression is induced in epidermal cells and promotes skin tumor development. This study aimed to clarify the role of AIRE in the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). AIRE expression was evaluated in six OSCC cell lines and in OSCC tissue specimens. Expression of STAT1, ICAM1, CXCL10, CXCL11, and MMP9 was elevated in 293A cells stably expressing AIRE, and conversely, was decreased in AIRE-knockout HSC3 OSCC cells when compared to the respective controls. Upregulation of STAT1, and ICAM in OSCC cells was confirmed in tissue specimens by immunohistochemistry. We provide evidence that AIRE exerts transcriptional control in cooperation with ETS1. Expression of STAT1, ICAM1, CXCL10, CXCL11, and MMP9 was increased in 293A cells upon Ets1 transfection, and coexpression of AIRE further increased the expression of these proteins. AIRE coprecipitated with ETS1 in a modified immunoprecipitation assay using formaldehyde crosslinking. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and quantitative PCR analysis revealed that promoter fragments of STAT1, ICAM1, CXCL10, and MMP9 were enriched in the AIRE precipitates. These results indicate that AIRE is induced in OSCC and supports cancer-related gene expression in cooperation with ETS1. This is a novel function of AIRE in extrathymic tissues under the pathological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Thi Kim Nguyen
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wanlada Sawangarun
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masita Mandasari
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei-ichi Morita
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Bioresource Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Harada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kou Kayamori
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Yamaguchi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Pentenero M, Bowers L, Jayasinghe R, Cheong SC, Farah CS, Kerr AR, Alevizos I. World Workshop on Oral Medicine VII: Functional pathways involving differentially expressed lncRNAs in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Dis 2020; 25 Suppl 1:79-87. [PMID: 31140691 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) modulate gene expression at the epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and are involved in tumorigenesis. They can form complex secondary and tertiary structures and have been shown to act as precursors, enhancers, reservoirs and decoys in the complex endogenous RNA network. They were first reported in relation to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in 2013. Here, we summarise the functional roles and pathways of the most commonly studied lncRNAs in OSCC. Existing research demonstrates the involvement of lncRNA within pivotal pathways leading to the development and spread of OSCC, including interactions with key cancer-associated microRNAs such as miR-21. The number of studies on lncRNA and OSCC remains limited in this new field. As evidence grows, the tissue-specific expression patterns of lncRNAs should further advance our understanding of the altered regulatory networks in OSCC and possibly reveal new biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Pentenero
- Department of Oncology, Oral Medicine and Oral Oncology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Leah Bowers
- Department of Stomatology, Division of Oral Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Ruwan Jayasinghe
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Sok Ching Cheong
- Head and Neck Cancer Research Team, Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya,, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Camile S Farah
- Australian Centre for Oral Oncology Research & Education, UWA Dental School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Ilias Alevizos
- Sjogren's Syndrome and Salivary Gland Dysfunction Unit, NIDCR/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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17
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Progress in the study of long noncoding RNA in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020; 129:51-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Wu L, Jiang Y, Zheng Z, Li H, Cai M, Pathak JL, Li Z, Huang L, Zeng M, Zheng H, Ouyang K, Gao J. mRNA and P-element-induced wimpy testis-interacting RNA profile in chemical-induced oral squamous cell carcinoma mice model. Exp Anim 2019; 69:168-177. [PMID: 31748426 PMCID: PMC7220707 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.19-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
P-element-induced wimpy testis (PIWI)-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), a novel class of noncoding RNAs, are involved in the carcinogenesis. However, the functional significance of piRNAs in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unknown. In the present study, we used chemical carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) induced OSCC mouse model. piRNAs and mRNAs were profiled using next-generation sequencing in the tongue tumor tissues from 4NQO induction and healthy tongue tissues from control mice. Furthermore, we analyzed the differential gene expression of human OSCC in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. According to the common differentially expressed genes in the 4NQO model and human OSCC tissues, piRNAs and mRNAs network were established based on informatics method. A total of 14 known piRNAs and 435 novel predicted piRNAs were differently expressed in tumor tissue compared to healthy tissue. Among differently expressed piRNAs 260 were downregulated, and 189 were upregulated. The mRNA targets for the differentially expressed piRNAs were identified using RNAhybrid software. Primary immunodeficiency and herpes simplex infection were the most enriched pathways. A total of 22 mRNAs overlapped in human and mice OSCC. Moreover, we established the regulatory network of 11 mRNAs, including Tmc5, Galnt6, Spedf, Mybl2, Muc5b, Six31, Pigr, Lamc2, Mmp13, Mal, and Mamdc2, and 11 novel piRNAs. Our data showed the interaction between piRNAs and mRNAs in OSCC, which might provide new insights in the development of diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 31 Huangsha Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, China
| | - Yingtong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 31 Huangsha Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, China
| | - Zhichao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 31 Huangsha Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, China
| | - Hongtao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510230, China
| | - Meijuan Cai
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 31 Huangsha Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, China
| | - Janak L Pathak
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 31 Huangsha Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, China
| | - Zhicong Li
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 31 Huangsha Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, China
| | - Lihuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 31 Huangsha Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, China
| | - Mingtao Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 31 Huangsha Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, China.,Center of Emphasis in Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79905, USA
| | - Huade Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Kexiong Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 31 Huangsha Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 31 Huangsha Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, China
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19
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Establishment and genomic characterization of gingivobuccal carcinoma cell lines with smokeless tobacco associated genetic alterations and oncogenic PIK3CA mutation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8272. [PMID: 31164688 PMCID: PMC6547758 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44143-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Smokeless tobacco associated Gingivobuccal squamous cell carcinoma (GB-SCC) is a major public health problem but available oral cancer cell lines are mostly from smoking associated tongue SCC raising the need for pertinent GB-SCC cell line models. As part of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) Project, 4 novel cell lines, namely, Indian Tata Memorial Centre Oral Cancer (ITOC) -01 to -04 were established and characterized with conventional methods, karyotyping, ultrastructure, in vivo tumourigenicity, Whole exome sequencing (WES) and RNA sequencing. These hyperploid cell lines form xenografts in mice and show metabolically active and necrotic areas on fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging. WES of ITOC cell lines recapitulate the genomic tumor profile of ICGC GB-SCC database. We further identified smokeless tobacco associated genetic alterations (PCLO, FAT3 and SYNE2) and oncogenic PIK3CA mutation in GB-SCC cell lines. Transcriptome profiling identified deregulation of pathways commonly altered in cancer and down-regulation of arachidonic acid metabolism pathway, implying its possible role in GB-SCC. Clinical application of high throughput sequencing data depends on relevant cell line models to validate potential targets. Extensively characterized, these oral SCC cell lines are particularly suited for mechanistic studies and pre-clinical drug development for smokeless tobacco associated oral cancer.
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20
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Qian S, Zhan X, Lu M, Li N, Long Y, Li X, Desiderio DM, Zhan X. Quantitative Analysis of Ubiquitinated Proteins in Human Pituitary and Pituitary Adenoma Tissues. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:328. [PMID: 31191455 PMCID: PMC6540463 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination is an important post-translational modification that is associated with multiple diseases, including pituitary adenomas (PAs). Protein ubiquitination profiling in human pituitary and PAs remains unknown. Here, we performed the first ubiquitination analysis with an anti-ubiquitin antibody (specific to K-ε-GG)-based label-free quantitative proteomics method and bioinformatics to investigate protein ubiquitination profiling between PA and control tissues. A total of 158 ubiquitinated sites and 142 ubiquitinated peptides in 108 proteins were identified, and five ubiquitination motifs were found. KEGG pathway network analysis of 108 ubiquitinated proteins identified four statistically significant signaling pathways, including PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, hippo signaling pathway, ribosome, and nucleotide excision repair. R software Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of 108 ubiquitinated proteins revealed that protein ubiquitination was involved in multiple biological processes, cellular components, and molecule functions. The randomly selected ubiquitinated 14-3-3 zeta/delta protein was further analyzed with Western blot, and it was found that upregulated 14-3-3 zeta/delta protein in nonfunctional PAs might be derived from the significantly decreased level of its ubiquitination compared to control pituitaries, which indicated a contribution of 14-3-3 zeta/delta protein to pituitary tumorigenesis. These findings provided the first ubiquitinated proteomic profiling and ubiquitination-involved signaling pathway networks in human PAs. This study offers new scientific evidence and basic data to elucidate the biological functions of ubiquitination in PAs, insights into its novel molecular mechanisms of pituitary tumorigenesis, and discovery of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for effective treatment of PAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehua Qian
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Structural Biology and Drug Design, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Structural Biology and Drug Design, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Miaolong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Structural Biology and Drug Design, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Structural Biology and Drug Design, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Long
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Structural Biology and Drug Design, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dominic M. Desiderio
- The Charles B. Stout Neuroscience Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Structural Biology and Drug Design, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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21
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Tashiro K, Oikawa M, Miki Y, Takahashi T, Kumamoto H. Immunohistochemical assessment of growth factor signaling molecules: MAPK, Akt, and STAT3 pathways in oral epithelial precursor lesions and squamous cell carcinoma. Odontology 2019; 108:91-101. [PMID: 31062130 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-019-00428-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Several growth factors and their receptors, such as epidermal growth factor receptor, have been studied as prognostic biomarkers for many epithelial malignancies. The signal transduction cascade of those receptors includes RAS/RAF/ERK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and STAT3 pathways. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression levels of several key proteins of those pathways in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral epithelial precursor lesions (OEPLs), and to correlate the expressions of these proteins with clinicopathologic features and prognosis. Fifteen leukoplakia (LP), 15 low-grade epithelial dysplasia, 15 high-grade epithelial dysplasia (HD), and 132 OSCC specimens were immunohistochemically examined for KRAS, HRAS, NRAS, BRAF, pERK1/2, pAkt, pmTOR, and pSTAT3 expression. Immunoreactivity for these molecules predominantly occurred in regions OEPL basal to prickle layers and in most OSCC cells. KRAS and NRAS expression was significantly lower in OSCC than in OEPLs, while pAkt and pmTOR showed higher expression in OSCC than in OEPLs. pERK1/2 expression was significantly higher in HD than in LP. In OSCC, KRAS and NRAS immunoreactivity was significantly higher in advanced age and male gender. In addition, higher immunoreactivity was shown in pERK1/2 in female gender and advanced TNM stage, pAkt in advanced T classification and cases without postoperative metastasis, pmTOR in advanced mode of invasion, and pSTAT3 in invasion depth. Correlations between these markers and clinicopathological variables were also noted. MAPK, Akt, and STAT3 pathways might play diverse roles in oral carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Tashiro
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Mariko Oikawa
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Miki
- Department of Disaster Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aoba, Aramaki aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Tetsu Takahashi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kumamoto
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
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22
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Farah CS, Shearston K, Nguyen AP, Kujan O. Oral Carcinogenesis and Malignant Transformation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-2931-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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23
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Silva EMR, Freitas VM, Bautz WG, de Barros LAP, da Gama de Souza LN. Immunohistochemical Study of Laminin-332 γ2 Chain and MMP-9 in High Risk of Malignant Transformation Oral Lesions and OSCC. J Oral Maxillofac Res 2018; 9:e3. [PMID: 29707182 PMCID: PMC5913416 DOI: 10.5037/jomr.2018.9103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Oral squamous cell carcinoma is associated with alterations in basement membrane. Laminin-332 is present in basal lamina and performs multiple biologic effects by γ2 chain. Matrix metalloproteinase acts disrupting extracellular components and was related to poor prognosis in cancer. Here, molecular profile of laminin-332 γ2 chain and matrix metalloproteinase-9 was assessed in oral lesions. Material and Methods The expression of laminin-332 γ2 chain and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was examined by immunohistochemistry in 10 patients with high risk of malignant transformation oral lesions and 26 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Associations between microscopic and clinicopathologic features were established. Results Immunostaining of laminin-332 γ2 chain in high risk oral lesions was most detected in basement membrane which is continuous, while the majority of OSCC cases showed a discontinuous membrane (P = 0.001). It was observed a positive reaction for γ2 chain in invasive fronts and a higher expression in epithelial compartment of smoking patients with OSCC (P < 0.0001). In epithelium, MMP-9 expression was presented in all layers with no difference between lesions. However, an elevated immunostaining in stromal cells was associated with male patients (P = 0.0054), older than 60 years (P = 0.0101) and with OSCC. Conclusions Present study results support the hypothesis of changes in molecules expression in high risk oral lesions and oral squamous cell carcinoma. A relation between clinical and molecule profile was observed. Those molecules may represent a useful tool to predict oral cancer behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa Morais Freitas
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São PauloBrazil
| | - Willian Grassi Bautz
- Department of Morphology, Health of Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito SantoBrazil
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24
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Ding J, Yang C, Yang S. LINC00511 interacts with miR-765 and modulates tongue squamous cell carcinoma progression by targeting LAMC2. J Oral Pathol Med 2018; 47:468-476. [PMID: 29315846 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aimed at underlying the molecular regulatory mechanism and overall biological functions of LINC00511 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). METHODS The expression level of LINC00511 was examined by QRT-PCR. In particular, Tca-8113 cell line was selected for subsequent experiments, in which the expression level of LINC00511 was the most significant. Meanwhile, the effects of LINC00511 on cells proliferation, cell cycle distribution, and invasion of TSCC cells were explored using RNA knockdown tools with CCK-8, flow cytometry analysis, colony formation, and transwell assay. Further, bioinformatic analysis and the dual-luciferase reporter assay both were conducted to invalidate the ceRNAs regulatory mechanism of LINC00511 in TSCC. RESULTS LINC00511 was obviously upregulated in TSCC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, it was found that LINC00511 served as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) through sponging miR-765 and ultimately modulated the derepression of laminin subunit gamma 2 (LAMC2). The inhibitory effects of miR-765 on TSCC cells proliferation, invasion as well as cell cycle distribution can be restored by the ectopic overexpression of LINC00511. Additionally, the restored capacity of LINC00511 promoted the expression of LAMC2, which was a downstream target of miR-765 and can be negatively regulated by miR-765. CONCLUSIONS A novel molecular axis of LINC00511/miR-765/LAMC2 was investigated to regulate the tumor development of TSCC. LINC00511 promoted the expression of LAMC2 via the ceRNA mechanism of sponging miR-765. The ceRNA regulatory network provided a novel understanding of TSCC pathogenesis and also shed light on exploiting the new field of lncRNA-directed therapy against TSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhai Ding
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Ji'ning Medical University, Ji'ning, Shandong, China
| | - Changxi Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Energy Zibo Mining Group Co. Ltd Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Sen Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
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Pilati SFM, Bianco BC, Vieira DSC, Modolo F. Histopathologic features in actinic cheilitis by the comparison of grading dysplasia systems. Oral Dis 2016; 23:219-224. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- SFM Pilati
- Odontology; Health Sciences Center; Vale do Itajaí University; Itajaí Brazil
| | - BC Bianco
- Odontology; Health Sciences Center; Vale do Itajaí University; Itajaí Brazil
| | - DSC Vieira
- Anatomical Pathology Service; Department of Pathology; Federal University of Santa Catarina; Florianopolis Brazil
| | - F Modolo
- Oral Pathology Laboratory; Department of Pathology; Federal University of Santa Catarina; Florianopolis Brazil
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