Prognostic importance of FGF2 and FGFR1 expression for patients affected by ameloblastoma

Factors Associated with Recurrence of Ameloblastoma: A Scoping Review

PURPOSE

This scoping review aimed to identify factors associated with the recurrence of ameloblastoma.

METHODS

Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE, based on the board research question: "What factors are related to the recurrence of ameloblastoma?". English-language observational studies addressing the risk and preventive factors associated with recurrent ameloblastoma were included and data were extracted.

RESULTS

Eighty-three retrospective observational studies met the inclusion criteria. The identified prognostic factors for recurrence included: (1) Tumor size/diameter/volume, (2) cortical bone perforation/ soft tissue invasion, (3) multilocular radiolucency, (4) impacted tooth-involving lesions, (5) root resorption, (6) WHO classification - conventional (solid/multicystic) ameloblastoma, (7) histological subtype - mural invasion of unicystic ameloblastoma, (8) conservative treatment modalities - simple enucleation, curettage, and marsupialization, and (9) non-extraction/preservation of involved teeth. No strong evidence linked immunohistochemical expression to recurrence. Interestingly, BRAF p.V600E remained controversial in terms of recurrence, despite being a frequent finding in ameloblastoma.

CONCLUSION

Certain clinical characteristics, radiographic findings, histological subtypes, and treatment choices of ameloblastoma can help identify patients at high risk of recurrence. Further prospective studies to evaluate the prognostic factor model and research on immunohistochemistry are required.

Recurrent Ameloblastoma: Clinical Manifestation and Disease-Free Survival Rate

Objectives

Ameloblastoma is a slow-growing epithelial odontogenic neoplasm of the jaws with a high recurrence rate. The main treatment strategies for this lesion are radical or conservative surgical approaches. The aim of the present study was to analyze clinical presentations, histological types, and treatment strategies of recurrent ameloblastoma and to define its disease-free survival (DFS) rate.

Materials and Methods

Twenty-four cases of recurrent ameloblastomas, treated between January 2009 and July 2021, were enrolled in this study. Medical files from each patient, including gender, age, size of the lesion, localization, patient complaints, clinical manifestation, radiographic appearance, histological type, surgical management, and treatment results were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively.

Result

Out of 69 operated primary ameloblastomas, the rate of recurrence was 35%. Out of 24 recurrent cases, 21 developed after conservative treatment and 3 after radical treatment. In most cases, recurrences were found in the mandible (n = 20). A unilocular pattern was predominant in radiographic examination (44%). Estimated 3-year DFS was 84.5 ± 4.8%, and the 5-year and 10-year DFS were 73.0 ± 6.3% and 43.9 ± 8.343.9 ± 8.3%, respectively.

Conclusion

Results obtained in the present retrospective study proved the necessity of long-term follow-up after both conservative and radical treatment approaches. The DFS median in our study was 8 years (95% CI 6 years–10 years). For recurrent cases, radical resection with histologically free margins after exact MRI determination of the ameloblastoma border within the soft tissues should be considered as the method of choice to avoid secondary recurrence.

A Novel lncRNA ENST00000512916 Facilitates Cell Proliferation, Migration and Cell Cycle Progression in Ameloblastoma

Objective

Our purpose was to identify up-regulated long noncoding RNA ENST00000512916 in ameloblastoma (AB) and explore its role in the progression of AB.

Methods

We analyzed lncRNA microarray expression profile between six paired AB and normal oral mucosa (NOM) tissues. An up-regulated lncRNA, ENST00000512916 was identified and validated by real-time qPCR. Cell proliferation, migration and cell cycle were detected by CCK-8 assay, transwell chamber and flow cytometry, respectively. Western blotting analysis was used to measure the expression of cell-cycle-related proteins including CyclinD1 and Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 2/4/6. In addition, Xenograft tumor model was constructed to investigate tumor growth.

Results

Real-time qPCR confirmed that lncRNA ENST00000512916 was up-regulated in AB tissues. ENST00000512916 knockdown significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration and the expression of CDK2/4/6 in AM-1 cells. Moreover, ENST00000512916 knockdown suppressed tumor growth in vivo. We also found that ENST00000512916 overexpression significantly promoted the expression of HOXC13 in AM-1 cells. Overexpression of ENST00000512916 promoted cell cycle progression in AM-1 cells, which was reversed by HOXC13 knockdown.

Conclusion

Our findings reveal that lncRNA ENST00000512916 promotes cell proliferation, migration and cell cycle progression of AB.