Yang J, Kelly JR, Bailey O, Fischman G. Porcelain-titanium bonding with a newly introduced, commercially available system.
J Prosthet Dent 2016;
116:98-101. [PMID:
26856239 DOI:
10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.08.032]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Titanium is widely used in implant dentistry because of its high strength, toughness, biocompatibility, and low cost. The fabrication of complex substructures is now possible with a number of automated systems. One major obstacle to broad clinical acceptance of porcelain-titanium prostheses is the poor ceramic-metal bonding.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to compare titanium bonding with a traditional bonder and a newly introduced titanium bonding system. Bonding was characterized by the delamination crack initiation stress per ISO 9693:2009.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Grade 4 titanium strips were laser machined to meet ISO 9693:2009 standards. Bonding and firing of opaque porcelain was accomplished by using a traditional titanium ceramic system and a newly introduced bonding system. Variables tested besides the bonding system included the length of the porcelain block (7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm); the thickness of the block (1.0 mm, 1.6 mm); testing the specimens 1 mm off-center; and reusing the strips. Crack initiation stresses were calculated and compared by ANOVA and the Duncan test (α=.05).
RESULTS
The newly introduced commercially available system gave the strongest bond (41.82 ±5.7 MPa), followed by the 9 mm specimens (32.2 ±3.9 MPa), then a statistically similar group of the 8 mm, 7 mm, and 1.6 mm thick specimens with new Ti (approximately 23 MPa), and last a similar group with 7 mm, 8 mm, and 1 mm offset loading on reused Ti (approximately 16 MPa). The lower limit under ISO 9693:2009 was 23 MPa.
CONCLUSIONS
The newly introduced commercially available system achieved much higher bond strengths than traditional titanium systems, even better than those for many high-gold alloys.
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