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Kayalar C, Rahman Z, Mohamed EM, Dharani S, Khuroo T, Helal N, Kuttolamadom MA, Khan MA. Preparation and Characterization of 3D-Printed Dose-Flexible Printlets of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:171. [PMID: 37566167 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02623-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to design pediatric-friendly, dose-flexible orally disintegrating drug delivery systems (printlets) of the antiviral drug tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) by selective laser sintering (SLS) for potential use in hospitals along with other antiviral drugs. In order to obtain a consistent quality of printlets with desired properties, it is important to understand certain critical quality attributes for their main and interactions effect. The printlets were optimized by Box-Behnken's design of the experiment by varying process variables while keeping the composition constant. The composition contained 16.3% TDF, 72.7% polyvinyl pyrrolidone K16-18, 8% magnesium aluminum silicate, 3% Candurin® NXT Ruby Red, and 0.3% colloidal silicon dioxide. The process variables studied were surface (X1), chamber temperatures (X2), and laser scanning speed (X3). The range of variable levels was 75-85°C for X1, 50-70°C for X2, and 200-240 mm/s for X3, respectively. The responses studied were hardness, disintegration time, dissolution, physiochemical, and pharmacokinetic characterization. X-ray powder diffraction indicated partial or complete conversion of the crystalline drug into amorphous form in the printlets. Comparative pharmacokinetics between Viread® (generic) and printlets in rats were superimposable. Pharmacokinetic parameters showed statistically insignificant differences between the two formulations in terms of Tmax, Cmax, and AUC of (p > 0.05). Printlets were bioequivalent to Viread® as per FDA bioequivalence criteria. Thus, the SLS printing method showed the fabrication of dose-flexible printlets with quality, and in vivo performance equivalent to commercial tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canberk Kayalar
- Reynolds Medical Sciences Building, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, Suite 159, College Station, Texas, 77843-1114, USA
| | - Ziyaur Rahman
- Reynolds Medical Sciences Building, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, Suite 159, College Station, Texas, 77843-1114, USA
| | - Eman M Mohamed
- Reynolds Medical Sciences Building, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, Suite 159, College Station, Texas, 77843-1114, USA
| | - Sathish Dharani
- Reynolds Medical Sciences Building, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, Suite 159, College Station, Texas, 77843-1114, USA
| | - Tahir Khuroo
- Reynolds Medical Sciences Building, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, Suite 159, College Station, Texas, 77843-1114, USA
| | - Nada Helal
- Reynolds Medical Sciences Building, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, Suite 159, College Station, Texas, 77843-1114, USA
| | - Mathew A Kuttolamadom
- Department of Engineering Technology & Industrial Distribution, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Mansoor A Khan
- Reynolds Medical Sciences Building, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, Suite 159, College Station, Texas, 77843-1114, USA.
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Xu SM, Qin F, Zhang YD, Xu PS. Pharmacokinetics of Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Potassium for Suspension (200 mg/28.5 mg) in Healthy Subjects: Sample Add Stabilizer Study and Food Effects. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2022; 11:1314-1321. [PMID: 35838110 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.1143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The present study compares the pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium suspension (200 mg/28.5 mg) during fasting and postprandial conditions, and the sample adds a stabilizer study. Two randomized, crossover trials were conducted in an open-label, single-center study (a fasting trial and a postprandial trial). In each part of the study, the subjects were randomly assigned to receive either test or reference products (200 mg/28.5 mg) in a 1:1:1 ratio, followed by the alternative products after a 7-day washout period. Plasma amoxicillin and clavulanic acid concentrations were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. WinNonlin software was used to evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters (noncompartmental model). The formulations were considered bioequivalent if the geometric means of area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax ) of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid were within the predetermined bioequivalence range established by average bioequivalence (ABE) or reference-scaled ABE. Tolerability was assessed throughout the study. The postprandial trial and the fasting study each had 12 volunteers. Under fasting and postprandial conditions, the 90%CI for the ratio of geometric means of amoxicillin of Cmax , AUC from time 0 to the last measurable concentration, and AUC from time 0 to infinity were within the ABE acceptance limits (80%-125%); the geometric means of clavulanic acid of Cmax (critbound, -0.03; point estimate, 1.07) were within the reference-scaled ABE acceptance limits, and the AUC from time 0 to the last measurable concentration and AUC from time 0 to infinity were within the ABE acceptance limits (80%-125%). Time to maximum concentration of amoxicillin was delayed 1.0 hour with high-fat meals compared to fasting conditions. Meantime, high-fat meals decreased the exposure of clavulanic acid by nearly 40%. No serious adverse events were found among the subjects. The bioequivalence of test and reference amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium for suspension was validated in this study under fasting and postprandial conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Mei Xu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Fei Qin
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Pharmaceutical Holdings Co. Ltd., Baiyunshan Pharmaceutical General Factory, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yong-Dong Zhang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, PR China
| | - Ping-Sheng Xu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
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