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Quigley KM, Ramsby B, Laffy P, Harris J, Mocellin VJL, Bay LK. Symbioses are restructured by repeated mass coral bleaching. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq8349. [PMID: 36475796 PMCID: PMC9728966 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq8349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Survival of symbiotic reef-building corals under global warming requires rapid acclimation or adaptation. The impact of accumulated heat stress was compared across 1643 symbiont communities before and after the 2016 mass bleaching in three coral species and free-living in the environment across ~900 kilometers of the Great Barrier Reef. Resilient reefs (less aerial bleaching than predicted from high satellite sea temperatures) showed low variation in symbioses. Before 2016, heat-tolerant environmental symbionts were common in ~98% of samples and moderately abundant (9 to 40% in samples). In corals, heat-tolerant symbionts were at low abundances (0 to 7.3%) but only in a minority (13 to 27%) of colonies. Following bleaching, environmental diversity doubled (including heat-tolerant symbionts) and increased in one coral species. Communities were dynamic (Acropora millepora) and conserved (Acropora hyacinthus and Acropora tenuis), including symbiont community turnover and redistribution. Symbiotic restructuring after bleaching occurs but is a taxon-specific ecological opportunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate M. Quigley
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Minderoo Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia
- Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Blake Ramsby
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Patrick Laffy
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - Line K. Bay
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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Qi Z, Diao X, Yang T, Zeng R, Wang H, Zhou H. Spatial and interspecific differences in coral-associated bacterial diversity in Hainan, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 175:113321. [PMID: 35149312 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Coral reefs are suffering from environmental change and anthropogenic disturbances. It is well known that microbes play an indispensable role in the stable state of coral reef health. Furthermore, the coral reef microbial database helps to understand the connections among microbiomes shifts and ecosystem stress. Hainan Province is the main coral reef distribution area in China. Therefore, targeted microbial reference information from Hainan, including several coral microbiomes, was generated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing in this study. This study focused on a small range of coral-associated bacterial information and found a relationship between microbes and the surrounding environment based on coral interspecific and environmental factors. Interestingly, compared with species, the differences of bacterial community structures are best explained by site. It seems that various environmental factors contribute more to the microbial structure of corals than interspecific influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiaoping Diao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; College of Life Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China.
| | - Tinghan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ruohan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Haihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hailong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; College of Life Sciences and Pharmacy, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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Osman EO, Suggett DJ, Voolstra CR, Pettay DT, Clark DR, Pogoreutz C, Sampayo EM, Warner ME, Smith DJ. Coral microbiome composition along the northern Red Sea suggests high plasticity of bacterial and specificity of endosymbiotic dinoflagellate communities. MICROBIOME 2020; 8:8. [PMID: 32008576 PMCID: PMC6996193 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-019-0776-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The capacity of reef-building corals to tolerate (or adapt to) heat stress is a key factor determining their resilience to future climate change. Changes in coral microbiome composition (particularly for microalgal endosymbionts and bacteria) is a potential mechanism that may assist corals to thrive in warm waters. The northern Red Sea experiences extreme temperatures anomalies, yet corals in this area rarely bleach suggesting possible refugia to climate change. However, the coral microbiome composition, and how it relates to the capacity to thrive in warm waters in this region, is entirely unknown. RESULTS We investigated microbiomes for six coral species (Porites nodifera, Favia favus, Pocillopora damicornis, Seriatopora hystrix, Xenia umbellata, and Sarcophyton trocheliophorum) from five sites in the northern Red Sea spanning 4° of latitude and summer mean temperature ranges from 26.6 °C to 29.3 °C. A total of 19 distinct dinoflagellate endosymbionts were identified as belonging to three genera in the family Symbiodiniaceae (Symbiodinium, Cladocopium, and Durusdinium). Of these, 86% belonged to the genus Cladocopium, with notably five novel types (19%). The endosymbiont community showed a high degree of host-specificity despite the latitudinal gradient. In contrast, the diversity and composition of bacterial communities of the surface mucus layer (SML)-a compartment particularly sensitive to environmental change-varied significantly between sites, however for any given coral was species-specific. CONCLUSION The conserved endosymbiotic community suggests high physiological plasticity to support holobiont productivity across the different latitudinal regimes. Further, the presence of five novel algal endosymbionts suggests selection of certain genotypes (or genetic adaptation) within the semi-isolated Red Sea. In contrast, the dynamic composition of bacteria associated with the SML across sites may contribute to holobiont function and broaden the ecological niche. In doing so, SML bacterial communities may aid holobiont local acclimatization (or adaptation) by readily responding to changes in the host environment. Our study provides novel insight about the selective and endemic nature of coral microbiomes along the northern Red Sea refugia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eslam O Osman
- Coral Reef Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK.
- Marine Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11448, Egypt.
| | - David J Suggett
- Coral Reef Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2007, Australia
| | - Christian R Voolstra
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - D Tye Pettay
- School of Marine Science and Policy, College of Earth, Ocean, and Environment, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE, 19958, USA
| | - Dave R Clark
- Coral Reef Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Claudia Pogoreutz
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Eugenia M Sampayo
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, 4072, QLD, Australia
| | - Mark E Warner
- School of Marine Science and Policy, College of Earth, Ocean, and Environment, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE, 19958, USA
| | - David J Smith
- Coral Reef Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
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