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Lin SM, De Clerck O, Leliaert F, Chuang YC. Systematics and Biogeography of the Red Algal Genus Yonagunia (Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from the Indo-Pacific Including the Description of Two New Species from Taiwan. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2020; 56:1542-1556. [PMID: 32713001 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Carpopeltis maillardii has been regarded as a widely distributed species in the Indo-Pacific region. In this study, we analyzed the genetic diversity of C. maillardii and related species collected from Taiwan and the Indian Ocean based on rbcL sequences, in order to elucidate species boundaries, diversity, and biogeographic patterns. Our analyses show that C. maillardii specimens are only distantly related to the genus Carpopeltis (type: C. phyllophora) but instead form a clade together with species of Yonagunia. We therefore propose the new combination Yonagunia maillardii comb. nov. In addition, two new species (Yonagunia palmata sp. nov. and Yonagunia taiwani-borealis sp. nov.) are described from Taiwan. The close relationship of Yonagunia to Grateloupia is corroborated by detailed observations of the female reproductive structures, which demonstrate that the development of auxiliary cell ampullae before and after diploidization is similar to that of Grateloupia sensu stricto. Namely, the ampullae are composed of only two orders of unbranched filaments in which only a few ampullar cells are incorporated into a basal fusion cell after diploidization of the auxiliary cell and the pericarp consists almost entirely of secondary medullary filaments. Of all Yonagunia species, Y. maillardii has the widest distribution in the Indo-Pacific, and can be identified in the field by its relatively thin, feathery, and highly branched morphology. Most other species, including those that occur in Taiwan, are seemingly more range-restricted. Our phylogenetic analyses resulted in a well-resolved phylogeny of Yonagunia, with an origin estimated in the Eocene-Oligocene, and diversification of species mainly in the Miocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Showe-Mei Lin
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Olivier De Clerck
- Phycology Research Group and Centre for Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frederik Leliaert
- Phycology Research Group and Centre for Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Meise Botanic Garden, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860, Meise, Belgium
| | - Ya-Chu Chuang
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Li JJ, Liu ZY, Zhong ZH, Zhuang LC, Bi YX, Qin S. Limited Genetic Connectivity Among Sargassum horneri (Phaeophyceae) Populations in the Chinese Marginal Seas Despite Their high Dispersal Capacity. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2020; 56:994-1005. [PMID: 32173868 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sargassum horneri is a habitat-forming species in the Northwest Pacific and an important contributor to seaweed rafts. In this study, 131 benthic samples and 156 floating samples were collected in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea (ECS) to test the effects of seaweed rafts on population structure and connectivity. Our results revealed high levels of genetic diversity in both benthic and floating samples based on concatenated mitochondrial markers (rpl5-rps3, rnl-atp9, and cob-cox2). Phylogenetic analyses consistently supported the existence of two lineages (lineages I and II), with divergence dating to c. 0.692 Mya (95% HPD: 0.255-1.841 Mya), indicating that long-term isolation may have occurred during the mid-Pleistocene (0.126-0.781 Mya). Extended Bayesian skyline plots demonstrated a constant population size over time in lineage I and slight demographic expansion in lineage II. Both lineages were found in each marginal sea (including both benthic and floating samples), but PCoA, FST , and AMOVA analyses consistently revealed deep genetic variation between regions. Highly structured phylogeographic pattern supports limited genetic connectivity between regions. IMA analyses demonstrated that asymmetric gene flow between benthic populations in the North Yellow Sea (NYS) and ECS was extremely low (ECS→NYS, 2Nm = 0.6), implying that high dispersal capacity cannot be assumed to lead to widespread population connectivity, even without dispersal barriers. In addition, there were only a few shared haplotypes between benthic and floating samples, suggesting the existence of hidden donors for the floating masses in the Chinese marginal seas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Li
- College of Oceanography, Institute of Marine Biology, Hohai University, No.1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Zheng-Yi Liu
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 17 Chunhui Road, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Zhi-Hai Zhong
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 17 Chunhui Road, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Long-Chuan Zhuang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 17 Chunhui Road, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yuan-Xin Bi
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resource of Zhejiang Province, Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan, 316021, China
| | - Song Qin
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 17 Chunhui Road, Yantai, 264003, China
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Bertola LD, Boehm JT, Putman NF, Xue AT, Robinson JD, Harris S, Baldwin CC, Overcast I, Hickerson MJ. Asymmetrical gene flow in five co-distributed syngnathids explained by ocean currents and rafting propensity. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20200657. [PMID: 32370669 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.0657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocean circulation driving macro-algal rafting is believed to serve as an important mode of dispersal for many marine organisms, leading to predictions on population-level genetic connectivity and the directionality of effective dispersal. Here, we use genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism data to investigate whether gene flow directionality in two seahorses (Hippocampus) and three pipefishes (Syngnathus) follows the predominant ocean circulation patterns in the Gulf of Mexico and northwestern Atlantic. In addition, we explore whether gene flow magnitudes are predicted by traits related to active dispersal ability and habitat preference. We inferred demographic histories of these co-distributed syngnathid species, and coalescent model-based estimates indicate that gene flow directionality is in agreement with ocean circulation data that predicts eastward and northward macro-algal transport. However, the magnitude to which ocean currents influence this pattern appears strongly dependent on the species-specific traits related to rafting propensity and habitat preferences. Higher levels of gene flow and stronger directionality are observed in Hippocampus erectus, Syngnathus floridae and Syngnathus louisianae, which closely associated with the pelagic macro-algae Sargassum spp., compared to Hippocampus zosterae and the Syngnathus scovelli/Syngnathus fuscus sister-species pair, which prefer near shore habitats and are weakly associated with pelagic Sargassum. This study highlights how the combination of population genomic inference together with ocean circulation data can help explain patterns of population structure and diversity in marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D Bertola
- Department of Biology, City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA.,Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - J T Boehm
- Subprogram in Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West and 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, USA
| | - Nathan F Putman
- LGL Ecological Research Associates, Inc, Bryan, TX 77801, USA.,Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, FL 33149, USA
| | - Alexander T Xue
- Subprogram in Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Simons Center for Quantitative Biology, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - John D Robinson
- Department of Biology, City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA.,Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, 480 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Stephen Harris
- Subprogram in Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Carole C Baldwin
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 10th Street and Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20560, USA
| | - Isaac Overcast
- Subprogram in Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Michael J Hickerson
- Department of Biology, City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA.,Subprogram in Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West and 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, USA
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Contributions to the knowledge of Pseudolevinseniella (Trematoda: Digenea) and temnocephalans from alien crayfish in natural freshwaters of Thailand. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02990. [PMID: 31879707 PMCID: PMC6920264 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) is a decapod species originating from Australian freshwater. For more than two decades, these crayfish have been re-distributing to environments in many countries, including Thailand. Moreover, they can carry endosymbionts and/or ectosymbionts into new environments. The aim of this study was to introduce a morphological description of Pseudolevinseniella anenteron as a metacercaria of the endoparasites of redclaw crayfish collected from natural water sources in Thailand. The occurrence of two ectosymbiotic temnocephalans (Diceratocephala boschmai and Temnosewellia sp.) in C. quadricarinatus was also reported. The internal morphology of P. anenteron, D. boschmai and Temnosewellia were described and discussed. The surface ultrastructure of the multidentate spines on the body and the metacercarial cyst wall of P. anenteron was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). By performing a search of the GenBank nucleotide database of partial sequences of 18S, 28S rDNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1), P. anenteron was found to be related to Maritrema, and Temnosewellia was found to be related to T. fasciata. However, according to the cox1 gene, Temnosewellia was found to be similar to T. minor. These results reveal that redclaw crayfish that inhabit natural freshwaters in Thailand may harbour endoparasites and ecto- and endosymbionts. Furthermore, these findings may be able to monitor invasive or non-invasive species in an ecosystem.
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