1
|
Nobre Pacífico Pereira KH, Hibaru VY, Fuchs KDM, Cruz Dos Santos Correia LE, Lopes MD, Ferreira JCP, Ferreira de Souza F, Machado LHDA, Chiacchio SB, Gomes Lourenço ML. Use of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels to diagnose severe hypoxia and myocardial injury induced by perinatal asphyxia in neonatal dogs. Theriogenology 2022; 180:146-153. [PMID: 34973646 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged perinatal asphyxia and subsequent severe hypoxia are the main causes of mortality in neonatal dogs in the first days of life. In medicine, specific cardiac biochemical markers, such as troponin I, are used to diagnose ischemic and nonischemic myocardial injury in asphyxiated newborns after birth. Thus, the objectives of this study were to compare the levels of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) between asphyxiated and nonasphyxiated newborn dogs and evaluate the correlations of cTnI levels with the modified Apgar score, the levels of oxygen saturation, blood glucose, and lactatemia, and blood gas parameters. This study aimed to determine the possible use of cTnI as a marker of severe hypoxia and myocardial ischemic injury in neonatal dogs. Fifteen animals in a eutocic vaginal delivery group (VG), 15 animals in a cesarean section group (CG), and 13 animals in a hypoxia (asphyxiated) group (HG) were evaluated. The animals in the asphyxiated group were from dystocic deliveries and born by vaginal delivery or cesarean section. All groups were evaluated at birth and after 60 min. The newborns in the VG and CG exhibited mixed acidosis (respiratory acidosis due to increased partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and metabolic acidosis due to reduced pH and bicarbonate (HCO3) levels, base excess/deficit in the extracellular fluid compartment (BEecf), and increased lactate levels) due to transient physiological hypoxemia at birth. The cTnI levels in the VG and CG were within the reference standards for healthy dogs. No correlations between cTnI level and the other parameters were observed in the VG and CG. Newborns in the HG exhibited prominent mixed acidosis (p < 0.05) due to severe hypoxemia. The Apgar score and blood gas parameters showed that these dogs were born asphyxiated, and they presented low vitality and the need for resuscitation maneuvers. The cTnI levels in the HG were significantly higher than those in the VG and CG (p < 0.05) and above the reference standards for healthy dogs, which indicated ischemic myocardial injury. The cTnI level was negatively correlated (p < 0.05) with the parameters Apgar score, heart rate, peripheral oxygen saturation (sO2) level, reflex score, and total carbon dioxide (TCO2) level and positively correlated (p < 0.01) with lactate level. This study showed that asphyxiated newborn dogs have higher serum cTnI levels than nonasphyxiated newborn dogs; thus, the cTnI can be used as a marker of severe hypoxia and ischemic myocardial damage in newborn dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keylla Helena Nobre Pacífico Pereira
- Veterinary Neonatology Research Group, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinics, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Viviane Yukari Hibaru
- Veterinary Neonatology Research Group, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinics, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Kárita da Mata Fuchs
- Veterinary Neonatology Research Group, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinics, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Cruz Dos Santos Correia
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Animal Improvement and Nutrition, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Maria Denise Lopes
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - João Carlos Pinheiro Ferreira
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Ferreira de Souza
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique de Araújo Machado
- Veterinary Neonatology Research Group, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinics, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Simone Biagio Chiacchio
- Veterinary Neonatology Research Group, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinics, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Maria Lucia Gomes Lourenço
- Veterinary Neonatology Research Group, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinics, Botucatu, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gonçalves R, Sanchez-Masian D, Maddox TW, Dukes-McEwan J. Preliminary investigation of serum cardiac troponin I in dogs with acute ischaemic stroke. J Small Anim Pract 2019; 61:93-100. [PMID: 31867735 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the incidence of elevated serum cardiac troponin I in dogs with acute ischaemic strokes, to evaluate its prognostic value in these patients and characterise a possible relationship between cardiac troponin I elevation in dogs with ischaemic strokes and underlying cardiac dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prospective study of 18 dogs with acute ischaemic stroke diagnosed by MRI of the brain. Serum cardiac troponin I concentration, trans-thoracic echocardiography and six-lead electrocardiography were performed and findings were compared between dogs with good and poor outcome. RESULTS Serum cardiac troponin I was increased in 17 dogs (median 0.95 ng/mL; range 0.146 to 153). Focal hyperechoic regions of myocardium were visible in two dogs using trans-thoracic echocardiography and presumed to represent acute infarcts. A significant association was found between cardiac troponin I and creatinine concentrations. No difference in cardiac troponin I concentrations was detected between dogs that experienced good and poor outcomes. Clinically important cardiac dysfunction was identified in two dogs. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Cardiac troponin I is commonly elevated in patients diagnosed with acute ischaemic stroke but, in this small study population, did not have prognostic value. Larger studies (recruiting a study population of 98 dogs for a power of 0.8 and a 0.05 alpha/critical value) would aid in further investigation of these preliminary results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Gonçalves
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK
| | - D Sanchez-Masian
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK
| | - T W Maddox
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK
| | - J Dukes-McEwan
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK
| |
Collapse
|