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Song G, Wang J, Liu J, Ruan Y. Dimethyl fumarate ameliorates erectile dysfunction in bilateral cavernous nerve injury rats by inhibiting oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis of nerve via activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Redox Biol 2023; 68:102938. [PMID: 37931471 PMCID: PMC10652210 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the therapeutic potential of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) in improving erectile function of bilateral cavernous nerve injury (BCNI) rats, along with elucidating its underlying mechanisms. METHODS A BCNI rat model was established by clamping bilateral cavernous nerve (CN). DMF was given by gavage at low (20 mg/kg/day) and high (40 mg/kg/day) dosages for a duration of 4 weeks. Erectile function was assessed by electrical stimulation of CN. Penis and CN tissues were collected for subsequent analysis. Additionally, PC-12 cell line was used to verify the mechanism of DMF in vitro. Nfe2l2 or Ho-1 gene knockdown PC-12 cell lines were constructed by lentiviral transfection, respectively. A damaged cell model was induced using H2O2. And then molecular biological methods were employed to analyze cellular molecules and proteins. RESULTS DMF administration for 4 weeks led to improvements in erectile function, reduced fibrosis of penis corpus cavernosum in BCNI rats. The morphology of CN was improved and the number of nerve fibers increased. Furthermore, the levels of nNOS, NO, and cGMP were increased, while Ca2+ was decreased in penis corpus cavernosum. Notably, the levels of ROS, 3-NT and NLRP3 inflammasomes production were reduced, alongside increased expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins in the dorsal penile nerve (DPN) and CN. In vitro, DMF increased cell viability, reduced ROS level, promoted SOD, diminished 3-NT, MDA and DNA damage markers, and inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes in H2O2 induced PC-12 cells. Nfe2l2 knockdown and Ho-1 knockdown significantly attenuated the protective effect of DMF, respectively. Furthermore, inhibition of ROS production by N-acetylcysteine led to a reduction in NLRP3 inflammasome activation in H2O2 induced PC-12 cells. CONCLUSIONS DMF improved erectile function of BCNI rats by protecting nerves through inhibiting oxidative stress and the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis via activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoda Song
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Second Clinical College, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Yajun Ruan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Assar ME, Angulo J, García-Rojo E, Sevilleja-Ortiz A, García-Gómez B, Fernández A, Sánchez-Ferrer A, La Fuente JM, Romero-Otero J, Rodríguez-Mañas L. Early manifestation of aging-related vascular dysfunction in human penile vasculature-A potential explanation for the role of erectile dysfunction as a harbinger of systemic vascular disease. GeroScience 2022; 44:485-501. [PMID: 34962617 PMCID: PMC8811115 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00507-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced age is related to functional alterations of human vasculature, but erectile dysfunction precedes systemic manifestations of vascular disease. The current study aimed to simultaneously evaluate the influence of aging on vascular function (relaxation and contraction responses) in systemic human vascular territories: aorta (HA) and resistance mesenteric arteries (HMA) and human corpus cavernosum (HCC) and penile resistance arteries (HPRA). Associations of oxidative stress and inflammation circulating biomarkers with age and functional responses were also determined. Vascular specimens were obtained from 76 organ donors (age range 18-87). Four age-groups were established: < 40, 40-55, 56-65 and > 65 years old. Increasing age was associated with a decline in endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by BK in HMA (r = -0.597, p = 0.0001), or by ACh in HCC (r = -0.505, p = 0.0022), and HPRA (r = -0.601, p = 0.0012). Significant impairment was detected at > 65 years old in HMA but earlier in penile vasculature (> 55 years old). Age-related reduction to H2O2-vasodilatory response started before in HCC (56-65 years old) than in HA (> 65 years old). In contrast to relaxation responses, aging-related hypercontractility to adrenergic stimulation was homogeneous: contractions significantly increased in subjects > 55 years old in all tested vessels. Although not significantly age related, circulating levels of ADMA (r = -0.681, p = 0.0052) and TNF-α (r = -0.537, p = 0.0385) were negatively correlated with endothelial vasodilation in HMA but not in HCC or HPRA. Penile vasculature exhibits an early impairment of endothelium-dependent and H2O2-induced vasodilations when compared to mesenteric microcirculation and aorta. Therefore, functional susceptibility of penile vasculature to the aging process may account for anticipation of erectile dysfunction to systemic manifestations of vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam El Assar
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica, del Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad Y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Angulo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad Y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Histología-Investigación, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional en Cardiología (IRYCIS-UFV), Hospital Universitario Ramón Y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther García-Rojo
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Sevilleja-Ortiz
- Servicio de Histología-Investigación, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional en Cardiología (IRYCIS-UFV), Hospital Universitario Ramón Y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja García-Gómez
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Argentina Fernández
- Servicio de Histología-Investigación, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional en Cardiología (IRYCIS-UFV), Hospital Universitario Ramón Y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Sánchez-Ferrer
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica, del Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
| | - José M La Fuente
- Serviço de Urologia, Hospital Geral Santo Antonio, Porto, Portugal
| | - Javier Romero-Otero
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica, del Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad Y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Ctra de Toledo km 12, 500, 8905, Getafe, Spain.
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Sevilleja-Ortiz A, El Assar M, García-Rojo E, García-Gómez B, Fernández A, Sánchez-Ferrer A, La Fuente JM, Romero-Otero J, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Angulo J. Ageing-induced hypercontractility is related to functional enhancement of STIM/Orai and upregulation of Orai 3 in rat and human penile tissue. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 200:111590. [PMID: 34699858 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The role of STIM/Orai calcium entry system on vascular ageing has not been elucidated. We aimed to evaluate the influence of ageing on STIM/Orai signalling and its role on ageing-induced alterations of contractile function in rat corpus cavernosum (RCC) and human penile resistance arteries (HPRA) and corpus cavernosum (HCC). RCC was obtained from 3 months-old and 20 months-old animals. HPRA and HCC were obtained from organ donors of varied ages without history of erectile dysfunction. Aging was associated with enhanced norepinephrine (NE)- and thromboxane analogue (U46619)-induced contractions in RCC which were significantly inhibited by the STIM/Orai inhibitor, YM-58483 (20 μM). Other STIM/Orai inhibitor, 2-aminoethyldiphenylborate also reduced NE-induced contractions in RCC from aged rats. YM-58483 significantly reduced neurogenic contractions and potentiated neurogenic relaxations in RCC from aged rats. In HCC and HPRA, NE-induced contractions were significantly enhanced in older subjects (>65 years-old) but YM-58483 completely reversed ageing-related hypercontractility. Ageing did not modify STIM-1 and Orai1 protein expressions but Orai3 was significantly overexpressed in cavernosal tissue from old rats and older subjects. Contribution of STIM/Orai to cavernosal contraction increases with ageing together with increased expression of Orai3. Orai inhibition could be a potential therapeutic strategy to reduce ageing-related impact on vascular/erectile function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Sevilleja-Ortiz
- Department of Histology-Research, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional en Cardiología (UFV-IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariam El Assar
- Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
| | - Esther García-Rojo
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario HM Sanchinarro, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja García-Gómez
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario HM Sanchinarro, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain; Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Argentina Fernández
- Department of Histology-Research, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional en Cardiología (UFV-IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Sánchez-Ferrer
- Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
| | - José M La Fuente
- Department of Urology, Hospital Geral Santo Antonio, Porto, Portugal
| | - Javier Romero-Otero
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario HM Sanchinarro, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain; Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Javier Angulo
- Department of Histology-Research, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional en Cardiología (UFV-IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
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Qinyu-Zeng, Shuhua-He, Fengzhi-Chen, Li-Wang, Liren-Zhong, Jialiang-Hui, Wei-Ding, Junhong-Fan, Haibo-Zhang, Anyang-Wei. Administration of H 2S improves erectile dysfunction by inhibiting phenotypic modulation of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle in bilateral cavernous nerve injury rats. Nitric Oxide 2021; 107:1-10. [PMID: 33246103 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Phenotypic modulation of Corpus Cavernosum Smooth Muscle Cells (CCSMCs) is an important step in the development and progression of bilateral cavernous nerve injury induced erectile dysfunction (BCNI-ED). To investigate the effect of exogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on the phenotypic modulation of CCSMCs in BCNI-ED rats, a total of 18 male Sprague-Dawley rats were equally divided into 3 groups, including sham-operated (Sham) group, BCNI group and BCNI treated with NaHS (BCNI + NaHS) group. The treated group received intraperitoneal injection of NaHS (100 μmol kg-1day-1) for 4 weeks starting day 1 postoperatively. Erectile function was measured by the ratio of intracavernous pressure (ICP)/mean arterial pressure (MAP), and relevant tissues were harvested for Immunohistochemistry, Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Masson's trichrome staining, H2S fluorescent probe WSP-1 and Western blot. The primary CCSMCs were isolated and pretreatment with NaHS before exposed to PDGF-BB (platelet-derived growth factor). Relative expression mRNA and protein of phenotypic biomarkers, RhoA, ROCK-1 and cell cycle proteins were detected. Cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST) and H2S levels in penile tissue was significantly decreased in the BCNI group compared with the Sham group. Compared with the BCNI group, administration of NaHS significantly increased the ratio of ICP/MAP, ratio of smooth muscle to collagen, expressions of a-SMA, calponin and decreased the expression of OPN, collagen-I, RhoA, ROCK1 in the penile tissue. PDGF-BB-treated CCSMCs exhibited higher expression of OPN, RhoA, ROCK1, and lower α-SMA, calponin, which were attenuated by NaHS pretreatment. NaHS suppressed RhoA/ROCK activity and decreased the expression of CDK2, Cyclin E1, while increased the expression of P27kip1 induced by PDGF-BB in CCSMCs. Taken together, this study indicated that exogenous H2S inhibited the phenotypic modulation of CCSMCs by suppressing RhoA/ROCK1 signaling and affecting its downstream factor, CDK2, Cyclin E1, P27kip1, thereby improved BCNI rat erectile function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyu-Zeng
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shuhua-He
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Fengzhi-Chen
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Wang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Liren-Zhong
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jialiang-Hui
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wei-Ding
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang University of Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Junhong-Fan
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Haibo-Zhang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Anyang-Wei
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Chung DY, Song KM, Choi MJ, Limanjaya A, Ghatak K, Ock J, Yin GN, Hong CH, Hong SS, Suh JK, Ryu JK. Neutralizing antibody to proNGF rescues erectile function by regulating the expression of neurotrophic and angiogenic factors in a mouse model of cavernous nerve injury. Andrology 2021; 9:329-341. [PMID: 32696589 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radical prostatectomy induces some degree of cavernous nerve injury (CNI) and causes denervation-induced pathologic changes in cavernous vasculature, regardless of the advances in surgical techniques and robotic procedures. The precursor for nerve growth factor (proNGF) is known to be involved in neuronal cell apoptosis and microvascular dysfunction through its receptor p75NTR . OBJECTIVES To determine the expression of proNGF/p75NTR and the efficacy of proNGF neutralizing antibody (anti-proNGF-Ab) in a mouse model of ED induced by CNI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Age-matched 12-week-old C57BL/6 mice were distributed into three groups: sham group and bilateral CNI group treated with intracavernous injections of PBS (20 μL) or of anti-proNGF-Ab (20 µg in 20 μL of PBS) on days -3 and 0. Two weeks after treatment, erectile function was measured by electrical stimulation of cavernous nerve. Penis tissues from a separate group of animals were harvested for further analysis. We also determined the efficacy of anti-proNGF-Ab on neural preservation in major pelvic ganglion (MPG) ex vivo. RESULTS We observed increased penile expression of proNGF and p75NTR after CNI. Intracavernous administration of anti-proNGF-Ab increased nNOS and neurofilament expression probably by enhancing the production of neurotrophic factors, such as neurotrophin-3, NGF, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Anti-proNGF-Ab preserved the integrity of cavernous sinusoids, such as pericytes, endothelial cells, and endothelial cell-to-cell junctions, possibly by controlling angiogenic factors (angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2, and vascular endothelial growth factor) and induced endogenous eNOS phosphorylation in CNI mice. And finally, treatment with anti-proNGF-Ab rescued erectile function in CNI mice. Anti-proNGF-Ab also enhanced neurite sprouting from MPG exposed to lipopolysaccharide. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The preservation of damaged cavernous neurovasculature through inhibition of the proNGF/p75NTR pathway may be a novel strategy to treat radical prostatectomy-induced erectile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doo Yong Chung
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kang-Moon Song
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Min-Ji Choi
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Anita Limanjaya
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kalyan Ghatak
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Ock
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Guo Nan Yin
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Chang Hee Hong
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon-Sun Hong
- Department of Drug Development, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jun-Kyu Suh
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ji-Kan Ryu
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
- Department of Urology, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Korea
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La Fuente JM, Sevilleja-Ortiz A, García-Rojo E, El Assar M, Fernández A, Pepe-Cardoso AJ, Martínez-Salamanca JI, Romero-Otero J, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Angulo J. Erectile dysfunction is associated with defective L-cysteine/hydrogen sulfide pathway in human corpus cavernosum and penile arteries. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 884:173370. [PMID: 32712093 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
H2S signaling was proposed to participate in erectile physiology. L-cysteine (CYS)/H2S pathway stimulation causes cGMP-dependent relaxation of human corpus cavernosum (HCC) and penile arteries (HPRA). The aim was to evaluate the impact of ED on CYS/H2S pathway at functional and molecular level in human penile vascular tissues. NaHS- and CYS-induced responses were evaluated in HCC and HPRA from organ donors without ED (NoED, n = 29) and from ED patients undergoing penile prosthesis insertion (n = 45). cGMP accumulation and cystathionine β-synthase and cystathionine γ-lyase expression were also determined. NaHS-induced relaxations were slightly but significantly impaired in HCC but not in HPRA from ED patients. In contrast, CYS-induced relaxations were markedly impaired in HCC (Emax 67.6 ± 4.9% vs 46.2 ± 4.6%, P < 0.01) and HPRA (Emax 80.8 ± 4.0% vs 48.1 ± 8.6%, P < 0.05) from men with ED. Impairment of CYS-induced responses was observed even after separating diabetic ED patients. In HPRA from ED patients, CYS- but not NaHS-induced vasodilation was significantly associated to endothelial function measured as vasodilatory capacity of acetylcholine (ACh) in these preparations (r2 = 0.481, P < 0.01). Impairment of CYS-induced relaxations was related to significant reduction in CYS-induced accumulation of cGMP in cavernosal tissue. Furthermore, the expression of H2S synthesizing enzymes was significantly reduced in HCC from ED patients with respect to NoED. This was confirmed by immunofluorescence in HCC and HPRA sections. ED involves impairment of CYS/H2S pathway in penile vascular tissues associated with decreased expression of H2S generating enzymes, CBS and CSE. These evidences support a therapeutic potential for modulation of CYS/H2S signaling in the management of ED.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Esther García-Rojo
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Argentina Fernández
- Servicio de Histología-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal - IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Javier Angulo
- Servicio de Histología-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal - IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain.
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European Society for Sexual Medicine Consensus Statement on the Use of the Cavernous Nerve Injury Rodent Model to Study Postradical Prostatectomy Erectile Dysfunction. Sex Med 2020; 8:327-337. [PMID: 32674971 PMCID: PMC7471127 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rodent animal models are currently the most used in vivo model in translational studies looking into the pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction after nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy. AIM This European Society for Sexual Medicine (ESSM) statement aims to guide scientists toward utilization of the rodent model in an appropriate, timely, and proficient fashion. METHODS MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for basic science studies, using a rodent animal model, looking into the consequence of pelvic nerve injury on erectile function. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The authors present a consensus on how to best perform experiments with this rodent model, the details of the technique, and highlight possible pitfalls. RESULTS Owing to the specific issue-basic science-Oxford 2011 Levels of Evidence criteria cannot be applied. However, ESSM statements on this topic will be provided in which we summarize the ESSM position on various aspects of the model such as the use of the Animal Research Reporting In Vivo Experiments guideline and the of common range parameter for nerve stimulation. We also highlighted the translational limits of the model. CONCLUSION The following statements were formulated as a suggestive guidance for scientists using the cavernous nerve injury model. With this, we hope to standardize and further improve the quality of research in this field. It must be noted that this model has its limitations. Weyne E, Ilg MM, Cakir OO, et al. European Society for Sexual Medicine Consensus Statement on the Use of the Cavernous Nerve Injury Rodent Model to Study Postradical Prostatectomy Erectile Dysfunction. Sex Med 2020;8:327-337.
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Liu SZ, Feng DC, Liu ZH, Liang JY, Ren ZJ, Zhou C, Wu K, Zhang FX, Zhang F, Lu YP, Wang XD. Development of nanotechnology in andrology. Transl Androl Urol 2020; 9:702-708. [PMID: 32420177 PMCID: PMC7214986 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2020.01.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Since first introduced in 1980s, nanotechnology has always been the eye-catching point as its providing us with new approaches to explore the microscopic world. Many nanotechnology-associated novel technologies have been brought into clinical use in the past decades and uncountable patients benefited from them, which convinces us of a bright prospect of nanotechnology in the field of medicine. In this review, literatures concerning nanotechnology applications in andrology were retrieved and we made a comprehensive discussion on drug delivery, gene therapy and stem cell therapy use in andrology, which calls for the engagement of nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Zhuo Liu
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - De-Chao Feng
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Liu
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jia-Yu Liang
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zheng-Ju Ren
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chuan Zhou
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kan Wu
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fu-Xun Zhang
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi-Ping Lu
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xian-Ding Wang
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Yang M, Sun JY, Ying CC, Wang Y, Guo YL. Adipose-derived stem cells modified by BDNF gene rescue erectile dysfunction after cavernous nerve injury. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:120-127. [PMID: 31535660 PMCID: PMC6862402 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.264464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cavernous nerve injury is the main cause of erectile dysfunction following radical prostatectomy. The recovery of erectile function following radical prostatectomy remains challenging. Our previous studies found that injecting adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into the cavernosa could repair the damaged cavernous nerves, but the erectile function of the treated rats could not be restored to a normal level. We evaluated the efficacy of ADSCs infected with a lentiviral vector encoding rat brain-derived neurotrophic factor (lenti-rBDNF) in a rat model of cavernous nerve injury. The rats were equally and randomly divided into four groups. In the control group, bilateral cavernous nerves were isolated but not injured. In the bilateral cavernous nerve injury group, bilateral cavernous nerves were isolated and injured with a hemostat clamp for 2 minutes. In the ADSCGFP and ADSCrBDNF groups, after injury with a hemostat clamp for 2 minutes, rats were injected with ADSCs infected with lenti-GFP (1 × 106 in 20 μL) and lenti-rBDNF (1 × 106 in 20 μL), respectively. Erectile function was assessed 4 weeks after injury by measuring intracavernosal pressures. Then, penile tissues were collected for histological detection and western blot assay. Results demonstrated that compared with the bilateral cavernous nerve injury group, erectile function was significantly recovered in the ADSCGFP and ADSCrBDNF groups, and to a greater degree in the ADSCrBDNF group. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase content in the dorsal nerves and the ratio of smooth muscle/collagen were significantly higher in the ADSCrBDNF and ADSCGFP groups than in the bilateral cavernous nerve injury group. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression was obviously higher in the ADSCrBDNF group than in the ADSCGFP group. These findings confirm that intracavernous injection with ADSCs infected with lenti-rBDNF can effectively improve erectile dysfunction caused by cavernous nerve injury. This study was approved by the Medical Animal Care and Welfare Committee of Wuhan University, China (approval No. 2017-1638) on June 20, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiang-Yang Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Ying
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yong-Lian Guo
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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10
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La Fuente JM, Fernández A, Pepe-Cardoso AJ, Martínez-Salamanca JI, Louro N, Angulo J. L-cysteine/hydrogen sulfide pathway induces cGMP-dependent relaxation of corpus cavernosum and penile arteries from patients with erectile dysfunction and improves arterial vasodilation induced by PDE5 inhibition. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 863:172675. [PMID: 31542487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate and characterize H2S-induced relaxation of human corpus cavernosum (HCC) and penile resistance arteries (HPRA) from patients with erectile dysfunction (ED). HCC and HPRA were obtained from men with ED at the time of penile prosthesis insertion. H2S-mediated relaxations were evaluated by exposing these tissues to the stable analogue, NaHS, and to the precursor of H2S, L-cysteine (CYS). The effects of NaHS and CYS were also evaluated on cGMP accumulation in HCC and on acetylcholine- and sildenafil-mediated relaxations in HCC and HPRA. NaHS consistently relaxed HPRA and HCC and more potently than human prostate and bladder. NaHS-induced relaxations in HCC and HPRA were unaffected by the ATP-sensitive K+-channel blocker, glibenclamide or the NO synthase inhibitor, L-NAME, slightly reduced by the Ca2+-activated K+-channel blocker, tetraethylammonium, and markedly inhibited by the soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, ODQ. NaHS caused a cGMP increase in HCC that was inhibited by ODQ. CYS produced relaxations of HCC and HPRA that were sensitive to ODQ and to inhibition of the H2S synthesizing enzymes, cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS). CYS also increased cGMP in HCC. In contrast to NaHS, CYS-induced relaxations were prevented by endothelium removal in HPRA. Only in HPRA, treatment with CYS (30 μM) potentiated acetylcholine- and sildenafil-induced relaxations. This effect was prevented by CSE/CBS inhibition and by removing the endothelium. Exogenous and endogenous H2S relaxes HCC and HPRA from ED patients through cGMP accumulation and potentiates vasodilatory capacity of PDE5 inhibition, supporting the therapeutic potential of modulating H2S pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Argentina Fernández
- Servicio de Histología-Investigación, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional en Cardiología (UFV-IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Nuno Louro
- Serviço de Urologia, Hospital Santo Antonio, Porto, Portugal
| | - Javier Angulo
- Servicio de Histología-Investigación, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional en Cardiología (UFV-IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
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11
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Wu H, Tang WH, Zhao LM, Liu DF, Yang YZ, Zhang HT, Zhang Z, Hong K, Lin HC, Jiang H. Nanotechnology-assisted adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) therapy for erectile dysfunction of cavernous nerve injury: In vivo cell tracking, optimized injection dosage, and functional evaluation. Asian J Androl 2019; 20:442-447. [PMID: 30004040 PMCID: PMC6116694 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_48_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is a potentially promising option for erectile dysfunction; however, its risk of tumorigenicity is a clinical hurdle and the risk is positively related to the number of injected cells. Our previous study showed that nanotechnology improved adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) therapy for erectile dysfunction of cavernous nerve injury (CNI) by attracting cells in the corpus cavernosum. These results indicated the possibility of using a reduced dosage of ADSCs for intracavernous injection. In this exploratory study, we used lower dosage (2 × 105 cells) of ADSCs for intracavernous injection (ICI) and the nanotechnology approach. Intracavernous pressure and mean arterial pressure were measured at day 28 to assess erectile function. The low-dose ADSC therapy group showed favorable treatment effects, and nanotechnology further improved these effects. In vivo imaging of ICI cells revealed that the fluorescein signals of NanoShuttle-bound ADSCs (NanoADSCs) were much stronger than those of ADSCs at days 0, 1, and 3. Both immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis showed a significant increase in smooth muscle, endothelium, and nerve tissue in the ADSC group compared to that in the CNI group; further improvement was achieved with assisted nanotechnology. These findings demonstrate that nanotechnology can be used to further improve the effect of small dosage of ADSCs to improve erectile function. Abundant NanoADSCs remain in the corpus cavernosum in vivo for at least 3 days. The mechanism of erectile function improvement may be related to the regeneration of the smooth muscle, endothelium, and nerve tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Andrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wen-Hao Tang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Andrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Human Sperm Bank, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lian-Ming Zhao
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Andrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - De-Feng Liu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Andrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu-Zhuo Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Andrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Human Sperm Bank, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hai-Tao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Andrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Andrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kai Hong
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Andrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hao-Cheng Lin
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Andrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Andrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Human Sperm Bank, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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Angulo J, El Assar M, Sevilleja-Ortiz A, Fernández A, Sánchez-Ferrer A, Romero-Otero J, Martínez-Salamanca JI, La Fuente JM, Rodríguez-Mañas L. Short-term pharmacological activation of Nrf2 ameliorates vascular dysfunction in aged rats and in pathological human vasculature. A potential target for therapeutic intervention. Redox Biol 2019; 26:101271. [PMID: 31302408 PMCID: PMC6626891 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress contributes to endothelial dysfunction, a key step in cardiovascular disease development. Ageing-related vascular dysfunction involves defective antioxidant response. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-like-2 (Nrf2), orchestrates cellular response to oxidative stress. We evaluated the impact of Nrf2-activation on endothelium-dependent and H2O2-mediated vasodilations in: aorta (RA), mesenteric artery (RMA), coronary artery (RCA) and corpus cavernosum (RCC) from ageing rats and in human penile arteries (HPRA) and corpus cavernosum (HCC) from erectile dysfunction (ED) patients. Relaxant responses were evaluated in organ chambers and wire myographs. Nrf2 content and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were determined by ELISA. Superoxide and Nrf2 were detected by immunofluorescence. Pharmacological activation of Nrf2 with sulforaphane (SFN) improved NO- and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation and H2O2-induced relaxation in vascular beds from aging rats. SFN-induced effects were associated with increased Nrf2 (RMA, RCA) and reduced superoxide detection in RCA. Improvement of vascular function was confirmed in HPRA and HCC from ED patients and mimicked by another Nrf2 activator, oltipraz. Nrf2 increase and superoxide reduction together with HO-1 increase by Nrf2 activation was evidenced in HCC from ED patients. PDE5 inhibitor-induced relaxations of HPRA and HCC from ED patients were enhanced by SFN. Nrf2 short-term pharmacological activation attenuates age-related impairment of endothelium-dependent and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced vasodilation in different rat and human vascular territories by upregulation of Nrf2-related signaling and decreased oxidative stress. In ED patients target tissues, Nrf2 potentiates the functional effect of ED conventional pharmacological therapy suggesting potential therapeutic implication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Angulo
- Servicio de Histología-Investigación, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional en Cardiología (IRYCIS-UFV), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariam El Assar
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
| | - Alejandro Sevilleja-Ortiz
- Servicio de Histología-Investigación, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional en Cardiología (IRYCIS-UFV), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Argentina Fernández
- Servicio de Histología-Investigación, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional en Cardiología (IRYCIS-UFV), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Sánchez-Ferrer
- Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain; Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain.
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Karakus S, Musicki B, Burnett AL. Phosphodiesterase type 5 in men with vasculogenic and post-radical prostatectomy erectile dysfunction: is there a molecular difference? BJU Int 2018; 122:1066-1074. [PMID: 29888556 DOI: 10.1111/bju.14433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To clarify the molecular basis of penile erection at the human level and distinguish the mechanisms underlying vasculogenic and post-radical prostatectomy (RP) erectile dysfunction (ED) subtypes. PATIENTS AND METHODS Erectile tissue was obtained from men without history of ED who underwent penile surgery for Peyronie's disease (control group, n = 5) and from men with ED who underwent penile prosthesis implantation (n = 17). ED was categorized into vasculogenic (n = 8) and post-RP (n = 9) subtypes. Penile erectile tissue samples were collected for molecular analyses of protein expressions of neuronal and endothelial isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS and eNOS, respectively), phospho-nNOS (Ser-1412), phospho-eNOS (Ser-1177), phospho-protein kinase B (Ser-473), phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), α-smooth muscle actin, phospho-myosin phosphatase target subunit 1, RhoA/Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK)-α, ROCK-β, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, and nNOS and eNOS uncoupling by Western blot. RESULTS Vasculogenic ED was characterized by decreased eNOS protein expression and eNOS and nNOS phosphorylation on their activatory sites (Ser-1177 and Ser-1412, respectively), uncoupled eNOS, upregulated PDE5 protein expression, increased ROCK activity, and increased oxidative stress in erectile tissue. Post-RP ED was characterized by decreased nNOS protein expression, increased nNOS phosphorylation on its activatory site (Ser-1412), uncoupled nNOS, downregulated PDE5 protein expression, and increased oxidative stress in erectile tissue. CONCLUSION The mechanisms of vasculogenic and post-RP ED in the human penis involve derangements in constitutive nitric oxide synthase function, PDE5 protein expression and ROCK activity, and increased oxidative stress, which conceivably provide a molecular basis for chronically reduced nitric oxide bioavailability and increased smooth muscle contraction contributing to erectile impairment. Selective differences in PDE5 protein expression suggest distinct molecular mechanisms are in play for these ED subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Karakus
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Biljana Musicki
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Arthur L Burnett
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
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M1 Macrophages Are Predominantly Recruited to the Major Pelvic Ganglion of the Rat Following Cavernous Nerve Injury. J Sex Med 2017; 14:187-195. [PMID: 28161077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurogenic erectile dysfunction is a common sequela of radical prostatectomy. The etiology involves injury to the autonomic cavernous nerves, which arise from the major pelvic ganglion (MPG), and subsequent neuroinflammation, which leads to recruitment of macrophages to the injury site. Currently, two macrophage phenotypes are known: neurotoxic M1 macrophages and neuroprotective M2 macrophages. AIM To examine whether bilateral cavernous nerve injury (BCNI) in a rat model of erectile dysfunction would increase recruitment of neurotoxic M1 macrophages to the MPG. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent BCNI and the MPG was harvested at various time points after injury. The corpora cavernosa was used to evaluate tissue myographic responses to electrical field stimulation ex vivo. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to examine the gene expression of global macrophage markers, M1 macrophage markers, M2 macrophage markers, and cytokines and chemokines in the MPG. Mathematical calculation of the M1/M2 index was used to quantify macrophage changes temporally. Western blot of MPG tissues was used to evaluate the protein amount of M1 and M2 macrophage markers quantitatively. Immunohistochemistry staining of MPGs for CD68, CD86, and CD206 was used to characterize M1 and M2 macrophage infiltration. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Corpora cavernosa responsiveness ex vivo; gene (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction) and protein (western blot) expressions of M1 and M2 markers, cytokines, and chemokines; and immunohistochemical localization of M1 and M2 macrophages. RESULTS BCNI impaired the corporal parasympathetic-mediated relaxation response to electrical field stimulation and enhanced the contraction response to electrical field stimulation. Gene expression of proinflammatory (Il1b, Il16, Tnfa, Tgfb, Ccl2, Ccr2) and anti-inflammatory (Il10) cytokines was upregulated in the MPG 48 hours after injury. M1 markers (CD86, inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin-1β) and M2 markers (CD206, arginase-1, interleukin-10) were increased after BCNI in the MPG, with the M1/M2 index above 1.0 indicating that more M1 than M2 macrophages were recruited to the MPG. Protein expression of the M1 macrophage marker (inducible nitric oxide synthase) was increased in MPGs after BCNI. However, the protein amount of M2 macrophage markers (arginase-1) remained unchanged. Immunohistochemical characterization demonstrated predominant increases in M1 (CD68+CD86+) macrophages in the MPG after BCNI. CONCLUSION These results suggest that an increase in M1 macrophage infiltration of the MPG after BCNI is associated with impaired neurogenically mediated erectile tissue physiology ex vivo and thus has significant implications for cavernous nerve axonal repair. Future studies are needed to demonstrate that inhibition of M1 macrophage recruitment prevents erectile dysfunction after CNI.
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Ravelli KG, Ramos ADT, Gonçalves LB, Magnoli FC, Troncone LRP. Phoneutria nigriventer spider toxin Tx2-6 induces priapism in mice even after cavernosal denervation. Toxicon 2017; 130:29-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2017.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Survey of the Literature for September 2015 Issue of Sexual Medicine Journal. Sex Med 2015. [PMCID: PMC4599550 DOI: 10.1002/sm2.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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