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Lawal FB, Idiga E, Fagbule OF, Ajayi IJ, Amusa F, Adejumo O, Osuh ME, Temisanren OT, Lawal TA. Association between self-reported oral habits and oral health related quality of life of adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0003218. [PMID: 38781142 PMCID: PMC11115303 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Oral habits such as nail biting, thumb/digit sucking and teeth grinding could be harmful, and may lead to teeth misalignment, anterior open bite, protruded or flared upper anterior teeth especially if they persist into adolescence. Such orofacial dysfunction may result to impairment of the Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of an individual. The extent to which oral habits affect the major domains of the self-reported outcomes remains understudied especially during adolescence, a unique period of growth, where there is increased aesthetic desire, increased self-awareness, and unique social and psychological needs. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine the prevalence of oral habits and its association with oral health related quality of life of adolescents. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 700 adolescents aged 10 to 19 years (with mean age 14.6 (±1.3) years) attending 14 secondary schools in Ibadan, Nigeria. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire, which assessed sociodemographic characteristics of the students, oral habits and OHRQoL with Oral Health Impact Profile 5 (OHIP-5). Data were analyzed with SPSS and p value was at <5%. Mann Whitney U statistics was used to test for associations between OHIP-5 scores and presence or absence of oral habits. Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. A total of 363 (51.9%; 95%CI = 48.1%-55.6%) bite their nails, 216 (30.9%; 95%CI = 27.5%-34.4%) breathe with their mouth, 122 (17.4%; 95%CI = 14.7%-20.4%) suck their lips, 89 (12.7%; 95%CI = 10.3%-15.4%) grind their teeth together and 32 (4.6%; 95%CI = 3.1%-6.7%) sucked their thumbs. A total of 403 (81.1%) adolescents who engaged in at least an oral habit reported an impairment of their OHRQoL. Painful aching in the mouth was the most frequently affected OHRQoL item reported by the adolescents who engaged in oral habits. Those who sucked their thumbs (OR = 2.3, 95%CI = 1.1-4.7, p = 0.028) and those who sucked their lips were more likely to have poorer OHRQoL (OR = 1.6, 95%CI = 1.1-2.5, p = 0.024). Oral habits were prevalent among the adolescents and affected their OHRQoL. Those who sucked their thumbs and lips were more likely to report poorer OHRQoL than those who did not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folake Barakat Lawal
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Fellow, Consortium for Advanced Research Training in Africa (CARTA), APHRC, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ejiro Idiga
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Omotayo Francis Fagbule
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Iyanuoluwa Jesupemi Ajayi
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Folakemi Amusa
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Ooreoluwa Adejumo
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Mary Ebelechukwu Osuh
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Orighoye Tosan Temisanren
- Department of Child Oral Health, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Taiwo Akeem Lawal
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Lesinskiene S, Pociute K, Dervinyte-Bongarzoni A, Kinciniene O. Onychophagia as a clinical symptom: A pilot study of physicians and literature review. Sci Prog 2021; 104:368504211050288. [PMID: 34874802 PMCID: PMC10373863 DOI: 10.1177/00368504211050288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although onychophagia is a medical condition and is associated with poorer health, there are no guidelines for assessment or treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical aspects of nail biting from doctors' points of view, to estimate the prevalence of onychophagia among physicians, and to review the literature on and treatment methods for onychophagia. Twenty-four percent of doctors reported nail-biting periods during their lifetimes, and 2% of them remained active nail biters. A total of 64.4% of doctors see nail biting in their practices, and 60.6% never or only on request ask patients about nail biting and examine their nails. Family doctors and pediatricians ask their patients about nail biting most often. Attitudes and opinions on the treatment of nail biting are undefined and vary. Doctors reported usually treating nail-biting patients by referring them to another specialist or offering special nail polish. There is a need to improve physicians' knowledge of nail-biting treatment methods, but a lack of studies evaluating the clinical aspects of onychophagia and its relation to mental health and emotion dysregulation. Further research is needed. Clinical attitudes toward nail biting could be more precise in training and medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigita Lesinskiene
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kamile Pociute
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Asta Dervinyte-Bongarzoni
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Odeta Kinciniene
- Clinic of Children's Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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