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Baskaran A, Marogi E, Bitar R, Attarian H, Saadi A. Improving Sleep Health Among Refugees: A Systematic Review. Neurol Clin Pract 2023; 13:e200139. [PMID: 36936393 PMCID: PMC10022726 DOI: 10.1212/cpj.0000000000200139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Sleep disorders among refugees are common yet understudied. Interventions are difficult in resource-limited settings where most of these populations live. A systematic review of sleep disorders in refugee populations is warranted to identify prevalence, comorbidities, and the limitations of the current state of sleep health among refugees. Recent Findings Sleep disturbances, particularly insomnia and nightmares, occur with a higher prevalence among refugees. Diseases associated with insomnia in this population included fibromyalgia, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety. Risk factors include trauma, migration, lower socioeconomic status, lower educational level, and settlement in areas with a high influx of new residents or proximity to conflict. Only a few partially successful therapies were identified. Summary This review identifies the high prevalence of the disturbed sleep in this population and its risk factors. It proposes ways of increasing awareness of it in this vulnerable population as a first step toward remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archit Baskaran
- Department of Neurology (AB), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Internal Medicine (EM), University of California San Francisco, CA; American University of Beirut (RB), Lebanon; Department of Neurology (HA), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (AS), MGH Asylum Clinic, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Emily Marogi
- Department of Neurology (AB), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Internal Medicine (EM), University of California San Francisco, CA; American University of Beirut (RB), Lebanon; Department of Neurology (HA), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (AS), MGH Asylum Clinic, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ricardo Bitar
- Department of Neurology (AB), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Internal Medicine (EM), University of California San Francisco, CA; American University of Beirut (RB), Lebanon; Department of Neurology (HA), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (AS), MGH Asylum Clinic, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hrayr Attarian
- Department of Neurology (AB), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Internal Medicine (EM), University of California San Francisco, CA; American University of Beirut (RB), Lebanon; Department of Neurology (HA), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (AS), MGH Asylum Clinic, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Altaf Saadi
- Department of Neurology (AB), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Internal Medicine (EM), University of California San Francisco, CA; American University of Beirut (RB), Lebanon; Department of Neurology (HA), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (AS), MGH Asylum Clinic, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Gupta CC, Sprajcer M, Johnston-Devin C, Ferguson SA. Sleep hygiene strategies for individuals with chronic pain: a scoping review. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e060401. [PMID: 36731933 PMCID: PMC9896248 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Up to a quarter of the world's population experience chronic pain, which, in addition to interfering with daily activities and waking function, is often associated with poor sleep. Individuals experiencing poor sleep are often encouraged to implement sleep hygiene strategies. However, current sleep hygiene strategies have not been developed considering the unique challenges faced by individuals with chronic pain and therefore they might not be as effective in this population. The aim of this scoping review is to map the state of the existing literature examining sleep hygiene strategies in individuals with chronic pain. DESIGN This scoping review included a search of four online databases (Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL) to identify articles examining the use of sleep hygiene strategies in populations with chronic pain. RESULTS Thirty articles investigated at least one sleep hygiene strategy in individuals with chronic pain, with improvements to sleep reported for six sleep hygiene strategies (education, exercise, limiting alcohol use, limiting tobacco use, prebed state and sleep environment). However, the timing of these strategies was often not reported which limits the degree to which these strategies can be generalised for use as a presleep strategy. CONCLUSION This scoping review examined the existing literature focusing on sleep hygiene strategies for people with chronic pain. There are limitations to the methodology of the existing literature and gaps in our understanding of sleep hygiene strategies in some chronic pain conditions that must be addressed in future research before the effectiveness of these strategies can be understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte C Gupta
- Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Madeline Sprajcer
- Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Colleen Johnston-Devin
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sally A Ferguson
- Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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