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Yu Y, Manders F, Grinwis GCM, Groenen MAM, Crooijmans RPMA. A recurrent somatic missense mutation in GNAS gene identified in familial thyroid follicular cell carcinomas in German longhaired pointer dogs. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:669. [PMID: 36151521 PMCID: PMC9508735 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08885-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported a familial thyroid follicular cell carcinoma (FCC) in a large number of Dutch German longhaired pointers and identified two deleterious germline mutations in the TPO gene associated with disease predisposition. However, the somatic mutation profile of the FCC in dogs has not been investigated at a genome-wide scale. RESULTS Herein, we comprehensively investigated the somatic mutations that potentially contribute to the inherited tumor formation and progression using high depth whole-genome sequencing. A GNAS p.A204D missense mutation was identified in 4 out of 7 FCC tumors by whole-genome sequencing and in 20 out of 32 dogs' tumors by targeted sequencing. In contrast to this, in the human TC, mutations in GNAS gene have lower prevalence. Meanwhile, the homologous somatic mutation in humans has not been reported. These findings suggest a difference in the somatic mutation landscape between TC in these dogs and human TC. Moreover, tumors with the GNAS p.A204D mutation had a significantly lower somatic mutation burden in these dogs. Somatic structural variant and copy number alterations were also investigated, but no potential driver event was identified. CONCLUSION This study provides novel insight in the molecular mechanism of thyroid carcinoma development in dogs. German longhaired pointers carrying GNAS mutations in the tumor may be used as a disease model for the development and testing of novel therapies to kill the tumor with somatic mutations in the GNAS gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yu
- Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Freek Manders
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Guy C M Grinwis
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martien A M Groenen
- Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard P M A Crooijmans
- Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Zimmerman KL, Panciera DL, Hoeschele I, Monroe WE, Todd SM, Werre SR, LeRoith T, Fecteau K, Lake BB. Adrenocortical Challenge Response and Genomic Analyses in Scottish Terriers With Increased Alkaline Phosphate Activity. Front Vet Sci 2018; 5:231. [PMID: 30356827 PMCID: PMC6189480 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Scottish terriers (ST) frequently have increased serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) of the steroid isoform. Many of these also have high serum concentrations of adrenal sex steroids. The study's objective was to determine the cause of increased sex steroids in ST with increased ALP. Adrenal gland suppression and stimulation were compared by low dose dexamethasone (LDDS), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) response tests. Resting plasma pituitary hormones were measured. Steroidogenesis-related mRNA expression was evaluated in six ST with increased ALP, eight dogs of other breeds with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (HAC), and seven normal dogs. The genome-wide association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) with ALP activity was evaluated in 168 ST. ALP (reference interval 8–70 U/L) was high in all ST (1,054 U/L) and HAC (985 U/L) dogs. All HAC dogs and 2/8 ST had increased cortisol post-ACTH administration. All ST and 2/7 Normal dogs had increased sex steroids post-ACTH. ST and Normal dogs had similar post-challenge adrenal steroid profiles following LDDS and HCG. Surprisingly, mRNA of hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 2 (HSD17B2) was lower in ST and Normal dogs than HAC. HSD17B2 facilities metabolism of sex steroids. A SNP region was identified on chromosome 5 in proximity to HSD17B2 that correlated with increased serum ALP. ST in this study with increased ALP had a normal pituitary-adrenal axis in relationship to glucocorticoids and luteinizing hormone. We speculate the identified SNP and HSD17B2 gene may have a role in the pathogenesis of elevated sex steroids and ALP in ST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt L Zimmerman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - David L Panciera
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Ina Hoeschele
- Department of Statistics, College of Science, and Biocomplexity Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - W Edward Monroe
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Stephanie Michelle Todd
- Veterinary Medicine Experiment Station, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Stephen R Werre
- Study Design and Statistical Analysis Laboratory, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Tanya LeRoith
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Kellie Fecteau
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Bathilda B Lake
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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O'Neill DG, Scudder C, Faire JM, Church DB, McGreevy PD, Thomson PC, Brodbelt DC. Epidemiology of hyperadrenocorticism among 210,824 dogs attending primary-care veterinary practices in the UK from 2009 to 2014. J Small Anim Pract 2016; 57:365-73. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. G. O'Neill
- Production and Population Health, The Royal Veterinary College; Hatfield Herts AL9 7TA
| | - C. Scudder
- Clinical Sciences and Services, The Royal Veterinary College; Hatfield Herts AL9 7TA
| | - J. M. Faire
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
| | - D. B. Church
- Clinical Sciences and Services, The Royal Veterinary College; Hatfield Herts AL9 7TA
| | - P. D. McGreevy
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
| | - P. C. Thomson
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
| | - D. C. Brodbelt
- Production and Population Health, The Royal Veterinary College; Hatfield Herts AL9 7TA
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Galac S. Cortisol-secreting adrenocortical tumours in dogs and their relevance for human medicine. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 421:34-9. [PMID: 26123587 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous cortisol-secreting adrenocortical tumours in pet dogs are an attractive animal model for their human counterparts. Adrenal morphology and function are similar in dogs and humans, and adrenocortical tumours have comparable clinical and pathological characteristics. Their relatively high incidence in pet dogs represents a potential source of adrenocortical tumour tissue to facilitate research. The molecular characteristics of canine cortisol-secreting adrenocortical tumours suggest that they will be useful for the study of angiogenesis, the cAMP/protein kinase A pathway, and the role of Steroidogenic Factor-1 in adrenal tumourigenesis. Pet dogs with spontaneous cortisol-secreting adrenocortical tumours may also be useful in clinical testing of new drugs and in investigating the molecular background of adrenocortical tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Galac
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Absence of GNAS Mutation in Colorectal Carcinogenesis. TUMORI JOURNAL 2015; 103:209-211. [DOI: 10.5301/tj.5000400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Aims and background The incidence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) increases every year in Korean populations. However, association between the GNAS mutation and colorectal precancerous lesions has not been studied in in Korean populations. To contribute to better understanding of colorectal carcinogenesis, we analyzed GNAS mutation in 100 cancerous and 96 precancerous colorectal lesions. Methods The records of colonoscopic polypectomy performed at Dongsan Medical Center between 1999 and 2003 were reviewed retrospectively. Precancerous lesions included 7 villous adenomas, 59 tubular adenomas, and 18 sessile serrated adenomas, and 12 hyperplastic polyps. Keimyung Human Bio-Resource Bank at Dongsan Medical Center provided 100 CRC samples. Results GNAS mutation was not found in any colorectal cancer or any precancerous colorectal lesions, including villous adenoma, which is thought to harbor the mutation. Conclusions The role of GNAS mutation might be limited in colorectal neoplasms of the Korean population.
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Abstract
This comparative review highlights animal models of adrenocortical neoplasia useful either for mechanistic studies or translational research. Three model species-mouse, ferret, and dog-are detailed. The relevance of each of these models to spontaneous and inherited adrenocortical tumors in humans is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Galac
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, Utrecht 3508 TD, The Netherlands
| | - David B Wilson
- Departments of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8208, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Kool MMJ, Galac S, van der Helm N, Spandauw CG, Kooistra HS, Mol JA. Expression of somatostatin, dopamine, progesterone and growth hormone receptor mRNA in canine cortisol-secreting adrenocortical tumours. Vet J 2015; 206:108-10. [PMID: 26143682 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cortisol-secreting adrenocortical tumours (AT) in dogs are characterised by uncontrolled growth and excessive cortisol secretion. Dysregulated hormone receptor expression might be involved in tumour growth and hypersecretion of cortisol. The relative mRNA expression of growth hormone receptor, progesterone receptor, somatostatin receptors (SSTR1-3) and dopamine receptors (DRD1-2 and DRD5) was evaluated in 36 canine ATs and 15 adrenal glands obtained from healthy dogs. Compared with normal adrenal tissue, DRD2 mRNA expression was relatively lower in carcinomas, while SSTR1 mRNA expression was lower in both adenomas and carcinomas. Both of these features might contribute to loss of inhibition of tumour growth and upregulation of cortisol secretion. In canine ATs that had recurred within 30 months of surgical adrenalectomy, a marked increase in expression of DRD1 mRNA was observed. Targeting of specific hormone receptors, expressed by ATs, might be exploited for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam M J Kool
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Galac
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Noortje van der Helm
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina G Spandauw
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans S Kooistra
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A Mol
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Kool MMJ, Galac S, Kooistra HS, Mol JA. Expression of angiogenesis-related genes in canine cortisol-secreting adrenocortical tumors. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2014; 47:73-82. [PMID: 24377872 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of angiogenesis-related genes in canine cortisol-secreting adrenocortical tumors (ATs). Quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed mRNA encoding for vascular endothelial growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2, angiopoietin 1 and 2 (ANGPT1 and ANGPT2), the splice variant ANGPT2443, the ANGPT-receptor Tie2, and basic fibroblast growth factor in 38 canine cortisol-secreting ATs (26 carcinomas and 12 adenomas) and 15 normal adrenals. The relative expression of both ANGPT2 and ANGPT2443 was higher in adenomas (P = 0.020 for ANGPT2 and P = 0.002 for ANGPT2443) and carcinomas (P = 0.003 for ANGPT2 and P < 0.001 for ANGPT2443) compared with normal adrenals, and this enhanced expression was also detected with Western blot analysis. Immunohistochemistry indicated expression of ANGPT2 protein in AT cells and in vascular endothelial cells of carcinomas, whereas Tie2 was mainly present in the tumor vascular endothelial cells. The ANGPT2-to-ANGTPT1 ratio, a marker for a proangiogenic state, was higher in both adenomas (P = 0.020) and carcinomas (P = 0.043). With the use of the human H295R cortisol-producing adrenocortical carcinoma cell line, we were able to demonstrate that the ANGPT2 expression was stimulated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate and progesterone but not by cortisol. In conclusion, canine cortisol-secreting ATs have enhanced ANGPT2 expression with a concomitant shift toward a proangiogenic state. On the basis of this information, treatment modalities may be developed that interfere with ANGPT2 expression, including inhibition of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A pathway, or of the effect of ANGPT2, by using specific ANGPT2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M J Kool
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S Galac
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - H S Kooistra
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J A Mol
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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