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Shelton DS, Suriyampola PS, Dinges ZM, Glaholt SP, Shaw JR, Martins EP. Plants buffer some of the effects of a pair of cadmium-exposed zebrafish on the un-exposed majority. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 107:104419. [PMID: 38508506 PMCID: PMC11042042 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Certain individuals have a disproportionate effect on group responses. Characteristics may include susceptibility to pollutants, such as cadmium (Cd), a potent trace metal. Here, we show how a pair of Cd-exposed individuals can impact the behavior of unexposed groups. We used behavioral assessments to characterize the extent of the effects of the Cd-exposed individuals on group boldness, cohesion, foraging, activity, and responses to plants. We found that groups with a pair of Cd-exposed fish remained closer to novel stimuli and plants than did groups with untreated (control) fish. The presence of plants reduced Cd-induced differences in shoal cohesion and delays feeding in male shoals. Shoals with Cd- and water-treated fish were equally active. The results suggest that fish acutely exposed to environmentally relevant Cd concentrations can have profound effects on the un-exposed majority. However, the presence of plants may mitigate the effects of contaminants on some aspects of social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia S Shelton
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Dr, Coral Gables, FL 33134, USA.
| | - Piyumika S Suriyampola
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 East Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Zoe M Dinges
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, 1001 E 3rd St, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Stephen P Glaholt
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, 1315 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Joseph R Shaw
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, 1315 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Emília P Martins
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 East Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
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Shelton DS, Dinges ZM, Khemka A, Sykes DJ, Suriyampola PS, Shelton DEP, Boyd P, Kelly JR, Bower M, Amro H, Glaholt SP, Latta MB, Perkins HL, Shaw JR, Martins EP. A pair of cadmium-exposed zebrafish affect social behavior of the un-exposed majority. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 100:104119. [PMID: 37028532 PMCID: PMC10423439 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To account for global contamination events, we must identify direct and indirect pollutant effects. Although pollutants can have direct effects on individuals, it is unknown how a few contaminated individuals affect groups, a widespread social organization. We show environmentally relevant levels of cadmium (Cd) can have indirect social effects revealed in the social context of a larger group. Cd-contaminated individuals had poor vision and more aggressive responses, but no other behavioral effects. The presence of experienced Cd-exposed pairs in the groups had an indirect effect on the un-exposed individual's social interactions leading to the shoal becoming bolder and moving closer to a novel object than control groups. Because a few directly affected individuals could indirectly affect social behavior of the un-exposed majority, we believe that such acute but potentially important heavy metal toxicity could inform reliable predictions about the consequences of their use in a changing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia S Shelton
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Dr., Coral Gables, FL 33134, USA.
| | - Zoe M Dinges
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, 1001 E. 3rd St, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Anuj Khemka
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, 1001 E. 3rd St, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Delawrence J Sykes
- Department of Biology, Berry College, 2277 Martha Berry Hwy NW, Mount Berry, GA 30149, USA
| | - Piyumika S Suriyampola
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 East Tyler Hall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | | | - Ploypenmas Boyd
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon State University, 128 Kidder Hall, Corvallis 97331, OR, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Kelly
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Austin Peay Building, Knoxville, TX 37996, USA
| | - Myra Bower
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Austin Peay Building, Knoxville, TX 37996, USA
| | - Halima Amro
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Austin Peay Building, Knoxville, TX 37996, USA
| | - Stephen P Glaholt
- School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, 1315 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Mitchell B Latta
- School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, 1315 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Hannah L Perkins
- School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, 1315 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Joseph R Shaw
- School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, 1315 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Emília P Martins
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 East Tyler Hall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
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