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Nandagopal M, Rajan N R, Padhiar C, Abhaya M, Bansal U, Ghambir P. Revolutionizing chronic endometritis diagnosis: real-time polymerase chain reaction unveils microbial pathogens in Indian women with abnormal bleeding and reproductive challenges. AJOG GLOBAL REPORTS 2024; 4:100377. [PMID: 39188580 PMCID: PMC11345570 DOI: 10.1016/j.xagr.2024.100377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to assess the utility of real-time-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for diagnosing chronic endometritis (CE) by targeting 11 prevalent pathogens and to compare the outcomes with conventional culture-based diagnosis. Study Design A retrospective analysis was conducted on 500 patients with clinical conditions such as abnormal bleeding, in vitro fertilization failure, recurrent implantation failure, recurrent miscarriage, and recurrent pregnancy loss. The prevalence of 11 key pathogens associated with CE was evaluated in endometrial biopsy samples. Results In our study, PCR identified 318 cases (63.6%) positive for at least one of the 11 investigated pathogens, while culture-based methods detected 115 cases (23%). Predominant pathogens detected by PCR included Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) (19%), Escherichia coli (E. coli) (6.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (9%), Mycoplasma hominis (5%), Mycoplasma genitalium (6.2%), Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) (4.2%), Ureaplasma urealyticum (4%), nontuberculous Mycobacterium (5.2%), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (1.2%), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (0.6%), and Chlamydia trachomatis (2.4%). Standard culture methods identified E. faecalis (10.8%), S. aureus (6.2%), E. coli (3.8%), and S. agalactiae (2.2%). Conclusion The DICE panel proves itself as a swift, precise, and cost-effective diagnostic tool for detecting both culturable and nonculturable endometrial pathogens in CE. Demonstrating superiority, the Molecular method outshines microbial culture, ensuring accurate and sensitive detection of CE-associated pathogens, harmonizing seamlessly with histology and hysteroscopy findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugan Nandagopal
- LifeCell International (P) Ltd. (Nandagopal, Rajan N., Padhiar, Abhaya, and Ghambir), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajesh Rajan N
- LifeCell International (P) Ltd. (Nandagopal, Rajan N., Padhiar, Abhaya, and Ghambir), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chirayu Padhiar
- LifeCell International (P) Ltd. (Nandagopal, Rajan N., Padhiar, Abhaya, and Ghambir), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mayur Abhaya
- LifeCell International (P) Ltd. (Nandagopal, Rajan N., Padhiar, Abhaya, and Ghambir), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uma Bansal
- Dr Bansal's Arogya Hospital & Arogya Maa IVF (Bansal), Thane, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prakash Ghambir
- LifeCell International (P) Ltd. (Nandagopal, Rajan N., Padhiar, Abhaya, and Ghambir), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Moaligou C, Dion M, Ishnaiwer M, Dailly É, Batard É, Javaudin F. Pantoprazole promotes sustained intestinal carriage of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in amoxicillin-treated mice. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:lxad223. [PMID: 37766396 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The main objective of this study was to compare extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) Escherichia coli fecal titers during 12 days between two groups: mice who received proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and those that did not. METHODS AND RESULTS We tested three different in vivo models: model 1, high inoculum (106 CFU ml-1); model 2, low inoculum (102 CFU ml-1); and model 3, low inoculum and 2-day amoxicillin wash-out. There was no significant difference between the two groups in fecal ESBL E. coli titers in models 1 and 2. The fecal titers of ESBL E. coli were probably too high to show differences in colonization related to PPI treatment. By introducing a 2-day wash-out period after stopping amoxicillin (model 3), the fecal ESBL E. coli titers were higher in the PPI-treated mice during 12 days (3 log versus 11 log day CFU g-1; P < 0.05). This result highlighted that PPIs promote stable ESBL E. coli digestive carriage in mice. Fecal quantitative PCR showed that mice with low ESBL E. coli fecal titers had a much higher concentration of equol-producing bacteria, Muribaculum sp., and Adlercreutzia caecimuris. CONCLUSIONS Pantoprazole treatment promotes sustained digestive carriage of ESBL E. coli in amoxicillin-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Moaligou
- Cibles et médicaments des infections et de l'immunité, IICiMed, UR 1155, Nantes Université, Nantes 44000, France
| | - Michel Dion
- Cibles et médicaments des infections et de l'immunité, IICiMed, UR 1155, Nantes Université, Nantes 44000, France
| | - Murad Ishnaiwer
- Cibles et médicaments des infections et de l'immunité, IICiMed, UR 1155, Nantes Université, Nantes 44000, France
| | - Éric Dailly
- Cibles et médicaments des infections et de l'immunité, IICiMed, UR 1155, Nantes Université, Nantes 44000, France
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes 44000, France
| | - Éric Batard
- Cibles et médicaments des infections et de l'immunité, IICiMed, UR 1155, Nantes Université, Nantes 44000, France
- Emergency department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes 44000, France
| | - François Javaudin
- Cibles et médicaments des infections et de l'immunité, IICiMed, UR 1155, Nantes Université, Nantes 44000, France
- Emergency department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes 44000, France
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Schurig S, Kobialka R, Wende A, Ashfaq Khan MA, Lübcke P, Eger E, Schaufler K, Daugschies A, Truyen U, Abd El Wahed A. Rapid Reverse Purification DNA Extraction Approaches to Identify Microbial Pathogens in Wastewater. Microorganisms 2023; 11:813. [PMID: 36985386 PMCID: PMC10056086 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Wastewater monitoring became a promising solution in the early detection of outbreaks. Despite the achievements in the identification of pathogens in wastewater using real-time PCR, there is still a lack of reliable rapid nucleic acid extraction protocols. Therefore, in this study, samples were subjected to alkali, proteinase K and/or bead-beating followed by reverse purification magnetic beads-based separation. Wastewater samples spiked with S. aureus, E. coli and C. parvum were used as examples for Gram-positive and -negative bacteria and protozoa, respectively. All results were compared with a spin column technology as a reference method. Proteinase K with bead beating (vortexing with 0.1 mm glass beads for three minutes) was particularly successful for bacterial DNA extraction (three- to five-fold increase). The most useful extraction protocol for protozoa was pre-treatment with proteinase K (eight-fold increase). The selected methods were sensitive as far as detecting one bacterial cell per reaction for S. aureus, ten bacterial cells for E. coli and two oocysts for C. parvum. The extraction reagents are cold chain independent and no centrifuge or other large laboratory equipment is required to perform DNA extraction. A controlled validation trial is needed to test the effectiveness at field levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Schurig
- Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Xpedite Diagnostics GmbH, 80687 Munich, Germany
| | - Rea Kobialka
- Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andy Wende
- Xpedite Diagnostics GmbH, 80687 Munich, Germany
| | - Md Anik Ashfaq Khan
- Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Phillip Lübcke
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Elias Eger
- Institute of Infection Medicine, Christian-Albrecht University Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Katharina Schaufler
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Infection Medicine, Christian-Albrecht University Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Arwid Daugschies
- Institute of Parasitology, Centre for Infectious Disease, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uwe Truyen
- Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ahmed Abd El Wahed
- Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Bush EC, Clark AE, DeRanek CA, Eng A, Forman J, Heath K, Lee AB, Stoebel DM, Wang Z, Wilber M, Wu H. xenoGI: reconstructing the history of genomic island insertions in clades of closely related bacteria. BMC Bioinformatics 2018; 19:32. [PMID: 29402213 PMCID: PMC5799925 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-018-2038-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genomic islands play an important role in microbial genome evolution, providing a mechanism for strains to adapt to new ecological conditions. A variety of computational methods, both genome-composition based and comparative, have been developed to identify them. Some of these methods are explicitly designed to work in single strains, while others make use of multiple strains. In general, existing methods do not identify islands in the context of the phylogeny in which they evolved. Even multiple strain approaches are best suited to identifying genomic islands that are present in one strain but absent in others. They do not automatically recognize islands which are shared between some strains in the clade or determine the branch on which these islands inserted within the phylogenetic tree. Results We have developed a software package, xenoGI, that identifies genomic islands and maps their origin within a clade of closely related bacteria, determining which branch they inserted on. It takes as input a set of sequenced genomes and a tree specifying their phylogenetic relationships. Making heavy use of synteny information, the package builds gene families in a species-tree-aware way, and then attempts to combine into islands those families whose members are adjacent and whose most recent common ancestor is shared. The package provides a variety of text-based analysis functions, as well as the ability to export genomic islands into formats suitable for viewing in a genome browser. We demonstrate the capabilities of the package with several examples from enteric bacteria, including an examination of the evolution of the acid fitness island in the genus Escherichia. In addition we use output from simulations and a set of known genomic islands from the literature to show that xenoGI can accurately identify genomic islands and place them on a phylogenetic tree. Conclusions xenoGI is an effective tool for studying the history of genomic island insertions in a clade of microbes. It identifies genomic islands, and determines which branch they inserted on within the phylogenetic tree for the clade. Such information is valuable because it helps us understand the adaptive path that has produced living species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12859-018-2038-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliot C Bush
- Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, 91711, CA, USA.
| | - Anne E Clark
- Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, 91711, CA, USA.,Current address: Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, 98195-5065, WA, USA
| | - Carissa A DeRanek
- Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, 91711, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Eng
- Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, 91711, CA, USA.,Current address: Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, 98195-5065, WA, USA
| | - Juliet Forman
- Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, 91711, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Heath
- Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, 91711, CA, USA.,Current address: Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Rd., Worcester, 01609, MA, USA
| | - Alexander B Lee
- Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, 91711, CA, USA.,Current address: Quantitative Biosciences Program, Georgia Institute of Technology, 837 State Street, Atlanta, 30332-0430, GA, USA
| | - Daniel M Stoebel
- Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, 91711, CA, USA
| | - Zunyan Wang
- Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, 91711, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Wilber
- Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, 91711, CA, USA
| | - Helen Wu
- Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Blvd., Claremont, 91711, CA, USA
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