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Khan MUA, Aslam MA, Rahman RA, Abdullah MFB, Mehmood A, Stojanović GM. Current progress of protein-based dressing for wound healing applications - A review. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024:1-45. [PMID: 39018238 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2024.2380570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Protein-based wound dressings have garnered increasing interest in recent years owing to their distinct physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. The intricate molecular composition of proteins gives rise to unique characteristics, such as exceptional biocompatibility, biodegradability, and responsiveness, which contribute to the promotion of wound healing. Wound healing is an intricate and ongoing process influenced by multiple causes, and it consists of four distinct phases. Various treatments have been developed to repair different types of skin wounds, thanks to advancements in medical technology and the recognition of the diverse nature of wounds. This review has literature reviewed within the last 3-5 years-the recent progress and development of protein in wound dressings and the fundamental properties of an ideal wound dressing. Herein, the recent strides in protein-based state-of-the-art wound dressing emphasize the significant challenges and summarize future perspectives for wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Aslam Khan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Azhar Aslam
- Department of Physics, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Roselinda Ab Rahman
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Faizal Bin Abdullah
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Azra Mehmood
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Goran M Stojanović
- Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
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2
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Fuster-Martínez I, Calatayud S. The current landscape of antifibrotic therapy across different organs: A systematic approach. Pharmacol Res 2024; 205:107245. [PMID: 38821150 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a common pathological process that can affect virtually all the organs, but there are hardly any effective therapeutic options. This has led to an intense search for antifibrotic therapies over the last decades, with a great number of clinical assays currently underway. We have systematically reviewed all current and recently finished clinical trials involved in the development of new antifibrotic drugs, and the preclinical studies analyzing the relevance of each of these pharmacological strategies in fibrotic processes affecting tissues beyond those being clinically studied. We analyze and discuss this information with the aim of determining the most promising options and the feasibility of extending their therapeutic value as antifibrotic agents to other fibrotic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Fuster-Martínez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universitat de València, Valencia 46010, Spain; FISABIO (Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana), Valencia 46020, Spain.
| | - Sara Calatayud
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universitat de València, Valencia 46010, Spain; CIBERehd (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas), Spain.
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3
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Friedline RH, Noh HL, Suk S, Albusharif M, Dagdeviren S, Saengnipanthkul S, Kim B, Kim AM, Kim LH, Tauer LA, Baez Torres NM, Choi S, Kim BY, Rao SD, Kasina K, Sun C, Toles BJ, Zhou C, Li Z, Benoit VM, Patel PR, Zheng DXT, Inashima K, Beaverson A, Hu X, Tran DA, Muller W, Greiner DL, Mullen AC, Lee KW, Kim JK. IFNγ-IL12 axis regulates intercellular crosstalk in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5506. [PMID: 38951527 PMCID: PMC11217362 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49633-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major cause of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and is characterized by inflammation and insulin resistance. Interferon-γ (IFNγ) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine elevated in obesity and modulating macrophage functions. Here, we show that male mice with loss of IFNγ signaling in myeloid cells (Lyz-IFNγR2-/-) are protected from diet-induced insulin resistance despite fatty liver. Obesity-mediated liver inflammation is also attenuated with reduced interleukin (IL)-12, a cytokine primarily released by macrophages, and IL-12 treatment in vivo causes insulin resistance by impairing hepatic insulin signaling. Following MASH diets, Lyz-IFNγR2-/- mice are rescued from developing liver fibrosis, which is associated with reduced fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21 levels. These results indicate critical roles for IFNγ signaling in macrophages and their release of IL-12 in modulating obesity-mediated insulin resistance and fatty liver progression to MASH. In this work, we identify the IFNγ-IL12 axis in regulating intercellular crosstalk in the liver and as potential therapeutic targets to treat MASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall H Friedline
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Hye Lim Noh
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Sujin Suk
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahaa Albusharif
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Sezin Dagdeviren
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Suchaorn Saengnipanthkul
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Division of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Bukyung Kim
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Allison M Kim
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Lauren H Kim
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Lauren A Tauer
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Natalie M Baez Torres
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie Choi
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Bo-Yeon Kim
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Suryateja D Rao
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Kaushal Kasina
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Cheng Sun
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin J Toles
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Chan Zhou
- Division of Biostatistics and Health Services Research, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Zixiu Li
- Division of Biostatistics and Health Services Research, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Vivian M Benoit
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Payal R Patel
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Doris X T Zheng
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Kunikazu Inashima
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Annika Beaverson
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Xiaodi Hu
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Duy A Tran
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Werner Muller
- Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Dale L Greiner
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Alan C Mullen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ki Won Lee
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- XO Center, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jason K Kim
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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4
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Zhou Y, Ling T, Shi W. Current state of signaling pathways associated with the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res 2024; 25:245. [PMID: 38886743 PMCID: PMC11184855 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02878-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) represents a chronic and progressive pulmonary disorder distinguished by a notable mortality rate. Despite the elusive nature of the pathogenic mechanisms, several signaling pathways have been elucidated for their pivotal roles in the progression of this ailment. This manuscript aims to comprehensively review the existing literature on the signaling pathways linked to the pathogenesis of IPF, both within national and international contexts. The objective is to enhance the comprehension of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying IPF and offer a scholarly foundation for the advancement of more efficacious therapeutic strategies, thereby fostering research and clinical practices within this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224005, China
| | - Tingting Ling
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224005, China
| | - Weihong Shi
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224005, China.
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5
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Gu X, Liu Z, Shan S, Ren T, Wang S. Airway basal cell‑derived exosomes suppress epithelial‑mesenchymal transition of lung cells by inhibiting the expression of ANO1. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:219. [PMID: 38590572 PMCID: PMC11000454 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of activated lung cells is an important strategy to inhibit the progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The present study investigated the role of exosomes derived from airway basal cells on EMT of lung cells and elucidate the underlying mechanism. Exosomes were characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy imaging and markers detection. The role of exosome on the EMT of lung epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts induced by TGF-β1 was detected. RNA sequencing screened dysregulated genes in exosome-treated group, followed by the bioinformatical analysis. One of the candidates, anoctamin-1 (ANO1), was selected for further gain-and-loss phenotype assays. A bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model was used to evaluate the treatment effect of exosomes. Exosomes were round-like and positively expressed CD63 and tumor susceptibility gene 101 protein. Treatment with exosomes inhibited the EMT of lung cells activated by TGF-β1. 4158 dysregulated genes were identified in exosome-treated group under the threshold of |log2 fold-change| value >1 and they were involved in the metabolism of various molecules, as well as motility-related biological processes. A key gene, ANO1, was verified by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, whose overexpression induced the EMT of lung cells. By contrast, ANO1 knockdown reversed the EMT induced by TGF-β1. In vivo assay indicated that exosome treatment ameliorated pulmonary fibrosis and inhibited the upregulation of ANO1 induced by bleomycin. In conclusion, airway basal cell-derived exosomes suppressed the EMT of lung cells via the downregulation of ANO1. These exosomes represent a potential therapeutic option for patients with IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Gu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Xuhui, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Zeyu Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Xuhui, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Shan Shan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Xuhui, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Tao Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Xuhui, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Shaoyang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Xuhui, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
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6
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Francalanci P, Giovannoni I, Tancredi C, Gagliardi MG, Palmieri R, Brancaccio G, Spada M, Maggiore G, Pietrobattista A, Monti L, Castellano A, Giustiniani MC, Onetti Muda A, Alaggio R. Histopathological Spectrum and Molecular Characterization of Liver Tumors in the Setting of Fontan-Associated Liver Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:307. [PMID: 38254797 PMCID: PMC10813949 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Univentricular heart is corrected with the Fontan procedure (FP). In the long term, so-called Fontan-associated liver diseases (FALDs) can develop. The aim of this study is to analyze the molecular profile of FALDs. METHODS FALDs between January 1990 and December 2022 were reviewed for histology and immunohistochemistry, laboratory data, and images. Targeted next generation sequencing (NGS), performed on the DNA and RNA of both neoplastic and non-lesional liver tissue, was applied. RESULTS A total of 31/208 nodules > 1 cm in diameter were identified on imaging, but a liver biopsy was available for five patient demonstrating the following: one hepatocellular adenoma (HA), two hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), one fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC), and one intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Molecular analysis showed a copy number alteration involving FGFR3 in three cases (two HCCs and one ICC) as well as one HCC with a hotspot mutation on the CTNNB1 and NRAS genes. Tumor mutational burden ranged from low to intermediate. A variant of uncertain significance in GNAS was present in two HCCs and in one ICC. The same molecular profile was observed in a non-lesional liver. A DNAJB1-PRKACA fusion was detected only in one FLC. CONCLUSIONS Neoplastic FALDs show some unusual molecular profiles compared with non-Fontan ones. The presence of the same alterations in non-lesional cardiac cirrhosis could contribute to the development of FALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Francalanci
- O.U. Pathology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (I.G.); (C.T.); (A.O.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Isabella Giovannoni
- O.U. Pathology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (I.G.); (C.T.); (A.O.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Chantal Tancredi
- O.U. Pathology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (I.G.); (C.T.); (A.O.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Maria Giulia Gagliardi
- DPCCS Adult Congenital Cardiology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (M.G.G.); (R.P.); (G.B.)
| | - Rosalinda Palmieri
- DPCCS Adult Congenital Cardiology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (M.G.G.); (R.P.); (G.B.)
| | - Gianluca Brancaccio
- DPCCS Adult Congenital Cardiology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (M.G.G.); (R.P.); (G.B.)
| | - Marco Spada
- Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Maggiore
- Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Nutrition, Digestive Endoscopy and Liver Transplantation Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrea Pietrobattista
- Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Nutrition, Digestive Endoscopy and Liver Transplantation Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Lidia Monti
- O.U: Radiology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Aurora Castellano
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | | | - Andrea Onetti Muda
- O.U. Pathology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (I.G.); (C.T.); (A.O.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Rita Alaggio
- O.U. Pathology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (I.G.); (C.T.); (A.O.M.); (R.A.)
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, 00185 Rome, Italy
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7
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Elhai M, Micheroli R, Houtman M, Mirrahimi M, Moser L, Pauli C, Bürki K, Laimbacher A, Kania G, Klein K, Schätzle P, Frank Bertoncelj M, Edalat SG, Keusch L, Khmelevskaya A, Toitou M, Geiss C, Rauer T, Sakkou M, Kollias G, Armaka M, Distler O, Ospelt C. The long non-coding RNA HOTAIR contributes to joint-specific gene expression in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8172. [PMID: 38071204 PMCID: PMC10710443 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44053-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Although patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) typically exhibit symmetrical joint involvement, some patients develop alternative disease patterns in response to treatment, suggesting that different molecular mechanism may underlie disease progression depending on joint location. Here, we identify joint-specific changes in RA synovium and synovial fibroblasts (SF) between knee and hand joints. We show that the long non-coding RNA HOTAIR, which is only expressed in knee SF, regulates more than 50% of this site-specific gene expression in SF. HOTAIR is downregulated after stimulation with pro-inflammatory cytokines and is expressed at lower levels in knee samples from patients with RA, compared with osteoarthritis. Knockdown of HOTAIR in knee SF increases PI-Akt signalling and IL-6 production, but reduces Wnt signalling. Silencing HOTAIR inhibits the migratory function of SF, decreases SF-mediated osteoclastogenesis, and increases the recruitment of B cells by SF. We propose that HOTAIR is an important epigenetic factor in joint-specific gene expression in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Elhai
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Micheroli
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Miranda Houtman
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Masoumeh Mirrahimi
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Larissa Moser
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Pauli
- Institute for Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kristina Bürki
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Laimbacher
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gabriela Kania
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Klein
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Mojca Frank Bertoncelj
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sam G Edalat
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Leandra Keusch
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Khmelevskaya
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Melpomeni Toitou
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Celina Geiss
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Rauer
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Sakkou
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center (BSRC) 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Kollias
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center (BSRC) 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Marietta Armaka
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
| | - Oliver Distler
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Ospelt
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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8
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Zhao Y, Dai E, Dong L, Yuan J, Zhao Y, Wu T, Kong R, Li M, Wang S, Zhou L, Yang Y, Kong H, Zhao Y, Qu H. Available and novel plant-based carbon dots derived from Vaccaria Semen carbonisata alleviates liver fibrosis. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1282929. [PMID: 38116381 PMCID: PMC10729316 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1282929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Liver fibrosis represents an intermediate stage in the progression of liver disease, and as of now, there exists no established clinical therapy for effective antifibrotic treatment. Purpose: Our aim is to explore the impact of Carbon dots derived from Vaccaria Semen Carbonisata (VSC-CDs) on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in mice. Methods: VSC-CDs were synthesized employing a modified pyrolysis process. Comprehensive characterization was performed utilizing various techniques, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), multiple spectroscopies, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A hepatic fibrosis model induced by carbon tetrachloride was utilized to evaluate the anti-hepatic fibrosis effects of VSC-CDs. Results: VSC-CDs, exhibiting a quantum yield (QY) of approximately 2.08%, were nearly spherical with diameters ranging from 1.0 to 5.5 nm. The VSC-CDs prepared in this study featured a negative charge and abundant chemical functional groups. Furthermore, these particles demonstrated outstanding dispersibility in the aqueous phase and high biocompatibility. Moreover, VSC-CDs not only enhanced liver function and alleviated liver damage in pathomorphology but also mitigated the extent of liver fibrosis. Additionally, this study marks the inaugural demonstration of the pronounced activity of VSC-CDs in inhibiting inflammatory reactions, reducing oxidative damage, and modulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Conclusion: VSC-CDs exerted significant potential for application in nanodrugs aimed at treating liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafang Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ertong Dai
- Qingdao Eighth People’s Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Liyang Dong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jinye Yuan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yusheng Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ruolan Kong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Menghan Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxian Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Long Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yingxin Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Kong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Huihua Qu
- Center of Scientific Experiment, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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9
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Salama AM, Elmahy RA, Ibrahim HA, Amer AIM, Eltantawy AF, Elgendy DI. Effects of metformin on parasitological, pathological changes in the brain and liver and immunological aspects during visceral toxocariasis in mice. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:3213-3231. [PMID: 37874393 PMCID: PMC10667394 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-08011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
There are currently insufficient anthelmintic medications available for the treatment of toxocariasis. For instance, Albendazole (ABZ) is the preferred medication, but its effectiveness against tissue-dwelling parasites is limited. In addition, Metformin (MTF) is a widely used oral antidiabetic medication that is considered to be safe for treatment. This study aimed to investigate any potential effects of MTF, alone or in combination with ABZ, on mice infections caused by Toxocara canis (T. canis). The efficacy of the treatment was assessed in the acute and chronic phases of the infection by larval recovery and histopathological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical studies. The results showed that combined therapy significantly reduced larval counts in the liver, brain, and muscles and ameliorated hepatic and brain pathology. It reduced oxidative stress and TGF-β mRNA expression and increased FGF21 levels in the liver. It decreased TNF-α levels and MMP-9 expression in the brain. In addition, it increased serum levels of IL-12 and IFN-γ and decreased serum levels of IL-4 and IL-10. In the acute and chronic phases of the infection, the combined treatment was more effective than ABZ alone. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential role of MTF as an adjuvant in the treatment of experimental T. canis infection when administered with ABZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina M Salama
- Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Rasha A Elmahy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Hoda A Ibrahim
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Asmaa Fawzy Eltantawy
- Medical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Dina I Elgendy
- Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
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10
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Stankevic E, Israelsen M, Juel HB, Madsen AL, Ängquist L, Aldiss PSJ, Torp N, Johansen S, Hansen CD, Hansen JK, Thorhauge KH, Lindvig KP, Madsen BS, Sulek K, Legido-Quigley C, Thiele MS, Krag A, Hansen T. Binge drinking episode causes acute, specific alterations in systemic and hepatic inflammation-related markers. Liver Int 2023; 43:2680-2691. [PMID: 37592403 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frequent binge drinking is a known contributor to alcohol-related harm, but its impact on systemic and hepatic inflammation is not fully understood. We hypothesize that changes in immune markers play a central role in adverse effects of acute alcohol intake, especially in patients with early liver disease. AIM To investigate the effects of acute alcohol intoxication on inflammation-related markers in hepatic and systemic venous plasma in people with alcohol-related liver disease (ArLD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and healthy controls. METHODS Thirty-eight participants (13 with ArLD, 15 with NAFLD and 10 healthy controls) received 2.5 mL of 40% ethanol per kg body weight via a nasogastric tube. Seventy-two inflammation-related markers were quantified in plasma from hepatic and systemic venous blood, at baseline, 60 and 180 min after intervention. RESULTS Alcohol intervention altered the levels of 31 of 72 and 14 of 72 markers in the systemic and hepatic circulation. All changes observed in the hepatic circulation were also identified in the systemic circulation after 180 min. Only FGF21 and IL6 were increased after alcohol intervention, while the remaining 29 markers decreased. Differences in response to acute alcohol between the groups were observed for 8 markers, and FGF21 response was blunted in individuals with steatosis. CONCLUSION Acute alcohol intoxication induced changes in multiple inflammation-related markers, implicated in alcohol metabolism and hepatocellular damage. Differences identified between marker response to binge drinking in ArLD, NAFLD and healthy controls may provide important clues to disease mechanisms and potential targets for treatment. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER NCT03018990.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Stankevic
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Israelsen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Helene Baek Juel
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Lundager Madsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Ängquist
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Stuart Jacob Aldiss
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj Torp
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Stine Johansen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Camilla Dalby Hansen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Johanne Kragh Hansen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Katrine Holtz Thorhauge
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Katrine Prier Lindvig
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Bjørn Staehr Madsen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | | | | | - Maja Sofie Thiele
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Aleksander Krag
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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Shengir M, Fillebeen C, Wagner J, Ramanakumar AV, Kaouache M, Klein MB, Pantopoulos K, Sebastiani G. Increased Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 Predicts Mortality in People With HIV/HCV Coinfection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2023; 94:273-279. [PMID: 37368933 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000003245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection experience excess mortality because of multiple causes. Identification of biomarkers associated with mortality beyond that attributable to liver fibrosis may be relevant for prognostication. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), a phosphotropic hormone, predicts adverse outcomes in several chronic conditions. We aimed to investigate whether elevated FGF23 predicts all-cause mortality in patients with HIV/HCV coinfection. METHODS We included patients with HIV/HCV coinfection from the Canadian Coinfection Cohort with available serum FGF23, fibrosis biomarker fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), and at least 1-year follow-up. Elevated FGF23 and advanced liver fibrosis were defined as FGF23 > 241 reference unit/mL and FIB-4 > 3.25, respectively. All-cause mortality was analyzed using survival analysis. The effect of advanced liver fibrosis as a mediator on mortality was estimated by mediation analysis. RESULTS Three hundred twenty-one patients were included (24% with elevated FGF23, 19% with advanced liver fibrosis). During a mean follow-up period of 8.4 years, 34% of the cohort died. The incidence rate of all-cause mortality was higher in patients with elevated FGF23 (66.1 per 1000 person-years, 95% confidence interval 45.8 to 92.3) relative to patients without elevated FGF23 (37.5 per 1000 person-years, 95% confidence interval 29.6 to 46.9). After adjusting for potential confounders, elevated FGF23 was associated with significant direct and indirect effects (mediated through advanced liver fibrosis) on all-cause mortality, with 57% of deaths not mediated through advanced fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS In patients with HIV/HCV coinfection, FGF23 may be used as prognostic biomarker for risk stratification accounting also for death causes other than those attributable to liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Shengir
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carine Fillebeen
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - John Wagner
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Mohammed Kaouache
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and
| | - Marina B Klein
- Chronic Viral Illness Services, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kostas Pantopoulos
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Giada Sebastiani
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Chronic Viral Illness Services, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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12
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Geervliet E, Terstappen LWMM, Bansal R. Hepatocyte survival and proliferation by fibroblast growth factor 7 attenuates liver inflammation, and fibrogenesis during acute liver injury via paracrine mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115612. [PMID: 37797460 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte damage during liver injury instigates activation of macrophages and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) resulting in liver inflammation and fibrosis respectively. Improving hepatocyte survival and proliferation thereby ameliorating inflammation and fibrosis represents a promising approach for the treatment of liver injury. In the liver, fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) play a crucial role in promoting hepatocyte proliferation and tissue regeneration. Among 22 FGFs, FGF7 induces hepatocyte survival and liver regeneration as shown previously in mouse models of cholestatic liver injury and partial hepatectomy. We hypothesized that FGF7 promotes hepatocyte survival and proliferation by interacting with FGFR2b, expressed on hepatocytes, and ameliorates liver injury (inflammation and early fibrogenesis) via paracrine mechanisms. To prove this hypothesis and to study the effect of FGF7 on hepatocytes and liver injury, we administered FGF7 exogenously to mice with acute carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury. We thereafter studied the underlying mechanisms and the effect of exogenous FGF7 on hepatocyte survival and proliferation, and the consequent paracrine effects on macrophage-induced inflammation, and HSCs activation in vitro and in vivo. We observed that the expression of FGF7 as well as FGFR2 is upregulated during acute liver injury. Co-immunostaining of FGF7 and collagen-I confirmed that FGF7 is expressed by HSCs and is possibly captured by the secreted ECM. Immunohistochemical analysis of liver sections showed increased hepatocyte proliferation upon exogenous FGF7 treatment as determined by Ki67 expression. Mechanistically, exogenous FGF7 improved hepatocyte survival (and increased drug detoxification) via AKT and ERK pathways while maintaining hepatocyte quiescence restricting hepatocarcinogenesis via P27 pathways. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that improved hepatocyte survival and proliferation leads to a decrease in infiltrated monocytes-derived macrophages, as a result of reduced CCL2 (and CXCL8) expression by hepatocytes. Moreover, conditioned medium studies showed reduced collagen-I secretion by HSCs (indicative of HSCs activation) upon treatment with FGF7-treated hepatocytes conditioned medium. Altogether, we show that exogenous administration of FGF7 induces hepatocyte survival and proliferation and leads to amelioration of inflammatory response and fibrosis in acute liver injury via paracrine mechanisms. Our study further demonstrates that FGF7, FGF7 derivatives, or nano-engineered FGF7 may benefit patients with hepatic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline Geervliet
- Translational Liver Research, Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, the Netherlands; Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Germany
| | - Leon W M M Terstappen
- Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, the Netherlands
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Translational Liver Research, Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, the Netherlands.
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13
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Tsuchiya Y, Seki T, Kobayashi K, Komazawa-Sakon S, Shichino S, Nishina T, Fukuhara K, Ikejima K, Nagai H, Igarashi Y, Ueha S, Oikawa A, Tsurusaki S, Yamazaki S, Nishiyama C, Mikami T, Yagita H, Okumura K, Kido T, Miyajima A, Matsushima K, Imasaka M, Araki K, Imamura T, Ohmuraya M, Tanaka M, Nakano H. Fibroblast growth factor 18 stimulates the proliferation of hepatic stellate cells, thereby inducing liver fibrosis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6304. [PMID: 37813881 PMCID: PMC10562492 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis results from chronic liver injury triggered by factors such as viral infection, excess alcohol intake, and lipid accumulation. However, the mechanisms underlying liver fibrosis are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of fibroblast growth factor 18 (Fgf18) is elevated in mouse livers following the induction of chronic liver fibrosis models. Deletion of Fgf18 in hepatocytes attenuates liver fibrosis; conversely, overexpression of Fgf18 promotes liver fibrosis. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that overexpression of Fgf18 in hepatocytes results in an increase in the number of Lrat+ hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), thereby inducing fibrosis. Mechanistically, FGF18 stimulates the proliferation of HSCs by inducing the expression of Ccnd1. Moreover, the expression of FGF18 is correlated with the expression of profibrotic genes, such as COL1A1 and ACTA2, in human liver biopsy samples. Thus, FGF18 promotes liver fibrosis and could serve as a therapeutic target to treat liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Tsuchiya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8540, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi-shi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Takao Seki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8540, Japan
| | - Kenta Kobayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8540, Japan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
| | - Sachiko Komazawa-Sakon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8540, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Shichino
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2669 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba, 278-0022, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishina
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8540, Japan
| | - Kyoko Fukuhara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ikejima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hidenari Nagai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Igarashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ueha
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2669 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba, 278-0022, Japan
| | - Akira Oikawa
- Laboratory of Quality Analysis and Assessment, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasyo, Uji-shi, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shinya Tsurusaki
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Soh Yamazaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8540, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nishiyama
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
| | - Tetuo Mikami
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8540, Japan
| | - Hideo Yagita
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ko Okumura
- Atopy Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Taketomo Kido
- Laboratory of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyajima
- Laboratory of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Kouji Matsushima
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2669 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba, 278-0022, Japan
| | - Mai Imasaka
- Department of Genetics, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya-shi, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Kimi Araki
- Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Toru Imamura
- Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-8560, Japan
| | - Masaki Ohmuraya
- Department of Genetics, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya-shi, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Minoru Tanaka
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8540, Japan.
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14
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Tsuchiya Y, Komazawa-Sakon S, Tanaka M, Kanokogi T, Moriwaki K, Akiba H, Yagita H, Okumura K, Entzminger KC, Okumura CJ, Maruyama T, Nakano H. A high-sensitivity ELISA for detection of human FGF18 in culture supernatants from tumor cell lines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 675:71-77. [PMID: 37453260 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 18 (FGF18) is elevated in several human cancers, such as gastrointestinal and ovarian cancers, and stimulates the proliferation of tumor cells. This suggests that FGF18 may be a promising candidate biomarker in cancer patients. However, the lack of a high-sensitivity enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) does not permit testing of this possibility. In this study, we generated monoclonal antibodies against human FGF18 and developed a high-sensitivity ELISA to measure human FGF18 at concentrations as low as 10 pg/mL. Of the eight tumor cell lines investigated, we detected human FGF18 in culture supernatants from four tumor cell lines, including HeLa, OVCAR-3, BxPC-3, and SW620 cells, albeit the production levels were relatively low in the latter two cell lines. Moreover, the in-house ELISA could detect murine FGF18 in sera from mice overexpressing murine Fgf18 in hepatocytes, although the sensitivity in detecting murine FGF18 was relatively low. This FGF18 ELISA could be a valuable tool to validate FGF18 as a potential biomarker for cancer patients and to test the contribution of FGF18 for various disease models invivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Tsuchiya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Sachiko Komazawa-Sakon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Masato Tanaka
- Laboratory of Immune regulation, School of Life Science, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Takumi Kanokogi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Omori Medical Center, Toho University School Medicine, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Kenta Moriwaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Hisaya Akiba
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hideo Yagita
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ko Okumura
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kevin C Entzminger
- Abwiz Bio, Inc., 9823 Pacific Heights BLVD, Suite J, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - C J Okumura
- Abwiz Bio, Inc., 9823 Pacific Heights BLVD, Suite J, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Toshiaki Maruyama
- Abwiz Bio, Inc., 9823 Pacific Heights BLVD, Suite J, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Hiroyasu Nakano
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 5-21-16 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan.
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15
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Gong X, Guo Y, Zhu T, Xing D, Shi Q, Zhang M. Noninvasive assessment of significant liver fibrosis in rabbits by spectral CT parameters and texture analysis. Jpn J Radiol 2023; 41:983-993. [PMID: 37071251 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-023-01423-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Noninvasive assessment of significant liver fibrosis in rabbits by spectral CT parameters and texture analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-three rabbits were randomly divided into 27 carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis group and 6 control group. Spectral CT contrast-enhanced scan was performed in batches, and the liver fibrosis was staged according to the histopathological results. The portal venous phase spectral CT parameters [70 keV CT value, normalized iodine concentration (NIC), spectral HU curve slope (λHU)] were measured, and MaZda texture analysis was performed on 70 keV monochrome images. Three dimensionality reduction methods and four statistical methods in B11 module were used to perform discriminant analysis and calculate misclassified rate (MCR), and ten texture features under the lowest combination of MCR were statistically analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to calculate the diagnostic performance of spectral parameters and texture features for significant liver fibrosis. Finally, the binary logistic regression was used to further screen independent predictors and establish model. RESULTS A total of 23 experimental rabbits and 6 control rabbits were included, of which 16 had significant liver fibrosis. Three spectral CT parameters with significant liver fibrosis were significantly lower than those of non-significant liver fibrosis (p < 0.05), and the AUC ranged from 0.846 to 0.913. The combination analysis of mutual information (MI) and nonlinear discriminant analysis (NDA) had the lowest MCR, which with 0%. In the filtered texture features, four were statistically significant and AUC > 0.5, ranges from 0.764 to 0.875. The logistic regression model showed that Perc.90% and NIC could be used as independent predictors, the overall prediction accuracy of the model was 89.7% and the AUC was 0.976. CONCLUSION Spectral CT parameters and texture features have high diagnostic value for predicting significant liver fibrosis in rabbits, and the combination of the two can improve its diagnostic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuru Gong
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road, Jing 'an District, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Yaxin Guo
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road, Jing 'an District, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road, Jing 'an District, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Dongwei Xing
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road, Jing 'an District, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Qi Shi
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road, Jing 'an District, Shanghai, 200071, China.
| | - Minguang Zhang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road, Jing 'an District, Shanghai, 200071, China.
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16
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Sisto M, Lisi S. Towards a Unified Approach in Autoimmune Fibrotic Signalling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109060. [PMID: 37240405 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmunity is a chronic process resulting in inflammation, tissue damage, and subsequent tissue remodelling and organ fibrosis. In contrast to acute inflammatory reactions, pathogenic fibrosis typically results from the chronic inflammatory reactions characterizing autoimmune diseases. Despite having obvious aetiological and clinical outcome distinctions, most chronic autoimmune fibrotic disorders have in common a persistent and sustained production of growth factors, proteolytic enzymes, angiogenic factors, and fibrogenic cytokines, which together stimulate the deposition of connective tissue elements or epithelial to mesenchymal transformation (EMT) that progressively remodels and destroys normal tissue architecture leading to organ failure. Despite its enormous impact on human health, there are currently no approved treatments that directly target the molecular mechanisms of fibrosis. The primary goal of this review is to discuss the most recent identified mechanisms of chronic autoimmune diseases characterized by a fibrotic evolution with the aim to identify possible common and unique mechanisms of fibrogenesis that might be exploited in the development of effective antifibrotic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Sisto
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 1, I-70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Sabrina Lisi
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 1, I-70124 Bari, Italy
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Xue T, Yue L, Zhu G, Tan Z, Liu H, Gan C, Fan C, Su X, Xie Y, Ye T. An oral phenylacrylic acid derivative suppressed hepatic stellate cell activation and ameliorated liver fibrosis by blocking TGF-β1 signalling. Liver Int 2023; 43:718-732. [PMID: 36448910 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Liver fibrosis is an excessive wound-healing response governed by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). To date, there is no drug available for liver fibrosis. Although ferulic acid (FA) has multiple pharmacological functions, its anti-hepatic fibrosis activity is weak. Based on the activity modification of the FA structure, we synthesized a series of phenylacrylic derivatives and found a superior compound, FA11. In this study, we investigated its antifibrotic effect and mechanism. METHODS Activated HSC and CCl4 -induced mouse liver fibrosis were established and followed by FA11 treatment. Cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle analysis were conducted by flow cytometry. Western blot and Real-time qPCR were used to examine the expression of fibrotic and M1/M2-type macrophages markers. Degree of liver fibrosis was shown by histological staining. RESULTS In vitro, FA11 inhibited TGF-β1-induced LX-2 proliferation and led to apoptosis and cycle arrest. Furthermore, elevation of fibrotic markers in TGF-β1-induced LX-2 and primary activated HSC was reversed by FA11. In vivo, FA11 administration alleviated collagen deposition and blocked HSC activation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Additionally, FA11 reduced macrophage infiltration in fibrotic liver and prevented macrophage polarization to a profibrotic phenotype. Meanwhile, the systemic toxicity of CCl4 was also ameliorated by FA11. Mechanistically, FA11 reversed the phosphorylation of canonical and noncanonical TGF-β1 signalling, as well as FGFR1 signalling. CONCLUSIONS We reported an oral phenylacrylic acid derivative, FA11, which showed excellent antifibrotic activity and was expected to be an anti-hepatic fibrosis candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taixiong Xue
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Yue
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guonian Zhu
- Institute of Respiratory Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zui Tan
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyao Liu
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cailing Gan
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Fan
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region (Hospital.C.T.), Chengdu, China
| | - Xingping Su
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuting Xie
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tinghong Ye
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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18
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von Siebenthal M, Akshay A, Besic M, Schneider MP, Hashemi Gheinani A, Burkhard FC, Monastyrskaya K. Molecular Characterization of Non-Neurogenic and Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction (LUTD) in SCI-Induced and Partial Bladder Outlet Obstruction Mouse Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032451. [PMID: 36768773 PMCID: PMC9916488 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined bladder function following spinal cord injury (SCI) by repeated urodynamic investigation (UDI), including external urethral sphincter (EUS) electromyography (EMG) in awake restrained mice and correlated micturition parameters to gene expression and morphological changes in the bladder. A partial bladder outlet obstruction (pBOO) model was used for comparison to elucidate both the common and specific features of obstructive and neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD). Thirty female C57Bl/6J mice in each group received an implanted bladder catheter with additional electrodes placed next to the EUS in the SCI group. UDI assessments were performed weekly for 7 weeks (pBOO group) or 8 weeks (SCI group), after which bladders were harvested for histological and transcriptome analysis. SCI mice developed detrusor sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) one week after injury with high-pressure oscillations and a significantly increased maximal bladder pressure Pmax and were unable to void spontaneously during the whole observation period. They showed an increased bladder-to-bodyweight ratio, bladder fibrosis, and transcriptome changes indicative of extracellular matrix remodeling and alterations of neuronal signaling and muscle contraction. In contrast, pBOO led to a significantly increased Pmax after one week, which normalized at later time points. Increased bladder-to-bodyweight ratio and pronounced gene expression changes involving immune and inflammatory pathways were observed 7 weeks after pBOO. Comparative transcriptome analysis of SCI and pBOO bladders revealed the activation of Wnt and TGF-beta signaling in both the neurogenic and obstructive LUTD and highlighted FGF2 as a major upregulated transcription factor during organ remodeling. We conclude that SCI-induced DSD in mice leads to profound changes in neuronal signaling and muscle contractility, leading to bladder fibrosis. In a similar time frame, significant bladder remodeling following pBOO allowed for functional compensation, preserving normal micturition parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle von Siebenthal
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Akshay Akshay
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mustafa Besic
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marc P. Schneider
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ali Hashemi Gheinani
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fiona C. Burkhard
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katia Monastyrskaya
- Functional Urology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-316328776
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Multi-Omics Analyses Identify Signatures in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010210. [PMID: 36612207 PMCID: PMC9818216 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut bacterial/viral dysbiosis, changes in circulating metabolites, and plasma cytokines/chemokines have been previously associated with various liver diseases. Here, we analyzed the associations between fecal microbial composition, circulating metabolites, and plasma cytokines/chemokines in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We recruited 10 HCC patients, 18 LC patients, and 17 healthy individuals. Their stool samples were used for gene sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA and viral genomes, while plasma samples were utilized for the determination of endotoxin, zonulin, metabolite, and cytokine/chemokine levels. Dysbiosis was observed among gut bacteria and viruses, with significant changes in abundance at the genus and species levels, respectively. However, no differences were found between cohorts in the alpha and beta diversity. Plasma lipopolysaccharides and zonulin, but not trimethylamine N-oxide, were progressively increased in LC and HCC subjects. Profiling plasma metabolites and selected cytokines/chemokines revealed differential changes in the LC and HCC cohorts. Following joint correlation and correlation network analyses, regardless of etiology, common network signatures shared by LC and HCC patients were characterized by the gut virus Stenotrophomonas virus DLP5 and the uncultured Caudovirales phage, plasma metabolites pyruvic acid and acetic acid, and plasma cytokines/chemokines eotaxin and PDGF-AB/BB, respectively. Additionally, LC- and HCC-specific correlation networks were also identified. This study provides novel insights into altered gut microbial/viral composition that may contribute to pre-HCC disorders, metabolic reprogramming, or inflammatory microenvironments for hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Zhao Q, Bai J, Chen Y, Liu X, Zhao S, Ling G, Jia S, Zhai F, Xiang R. An optimized herbal combination for the treatment of liver fibrosis: Hub genes, bioactive ingredients, and molecular mechanisms. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 297:115567. [PMID: 35870684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Liver fibrosis is a chronic liver disease that can lead to cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma, and it is associated with long-term adverse outcomes and mortality. As a primary resource for complementary and alternative medicine, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has accumulated a large number of effective formulas for the treatment of liver fibrosis in clinical practice. However, studies on how to systematically optimize TCM formulas are still lacking. AIM OF THE REVIEW To provide a methodological reference for the systematic optimization of TCM formulae against liver fibrosis and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms; To provide an efficient method for searching for lead compounds from natural sources and developing from herbal medicines; To enable clinicians and patients to make more reasonable choices and promote the effective treatment toward those patients with liver fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS TCM formulas related to treating liver fibrosis were collected from the Web of Science, PubMed, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan Fang, and the Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP). Furthermore, the TCM compatibility patterns were mined using association analysis. The core TCM combinations were found by designing an optimized formulas algorithm. Finally, the hub target proteins, potential molecular mechanisms, and active compounds were explored through integrative pharmacology and docking-based inverse virtual screening (IVS) approaches. RESULTS We found that the herbs for reinforcing deficiency, activating blood, removing blood stasis, and clearing heat were the basis of TCM formulae patterns. Furthermore, the combination of Salviae Miltiorrhizae (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge; Chinese salvia/Danshen), Astragali Radix (Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge; Astragalus/Huangqi), and Radix Bupleuri (Bupleurum chinense DC.; Bupleurum/Chaihu) was identified as core groups. A total of six targets (TNF, STAT3, EGFR, IL2, ICAM1, PTGS2) play a pivotal role in TCM-mediated liver fibrosis inhibition. (-)-Cryptotanshinone, Tanshinaldehyde, Ononin, Thymol, Daidzein, and Formononetin were identified as active compounds in TCM. And mechanistically, TCM could affect the development of liver fibrosis by regulating inflammation, immunity, angiogenesis, antioxidants, and involvement in TNF, MicroRNAs, Jak-STAT, NF-kappa B, and C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) signaling pathways. Molecular docking results showed that key components had good potential to bind to the target genes. CONCLUSION In summary, this study provides a methodological reference for the systematic optimization of TCM formulae and exploration of underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Jinwei Bai
- School of Medical Equipment, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Yiwei Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Xin Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Shangfeng Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Guixia Ling
- School of Medical Equipment, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Shubing Jia
- Faculty of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Fei Zhai
- School of Medical Equipment, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Rongwu Xiang
- School of Medical Equipment, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China; Liaoning Professional Technology Innovation Center on Medical Big Data and Artificial Intelligence, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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Patient Selection Approaches in FGFR Inhibitor Trials-Many Paths to the Same End? Cells 2022; 11:cells11193180. [PMID: 36231142 PMCID: PMC9563413 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signaling have been investigated in various human cancer diseases. Recently, the first compounds received FDA approval in biomarker-selected patient populations. Different approaches and technologies have been applied in clinical trials, ranging from protein (immunohistochemistry) to mRNA expression (e.g., RNA in situ hybridization) and to detection of various DNA alterations (e.g., copy number variations, mutations, gene fusions). We review, here, the advantages and limitations of the different technologies and discuss the importance of tissue and disease context in identifying the best predictive biomarker for FGFR targeting therapies.
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22
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Mechanisms of Xiaochaihu Decoction on Treating Hepatic Fibrosis Explored by Network Pharmacology. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:8925637. [PMID: 36246566 PMCID: PMC9553551 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8925637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. To explore the material basis and pharmacological mechanism of Xiaochaihu Decoction (XCHD), the classic Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula in inhibiting hepatic fibrosis (HF). Methods. The main components in XCHD were screened from the TCMSP database, ETCM database, and literature, and their potential targets were detected and predicted using the Swiss Target Prediction platform. The HF-related targets were retrieved and screened through GeneCard database and OMIM database, combined with GEO gene chips. The XCHD targets and HF targets were mapped to search common targets. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was acquired via the STRING11.0 database and analyzed visually using Cytoscape 3.8.0 software. The potential mechanisms of the common targets identified through GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were analyzed by using Metascape database. The results were visualized through OmicShare Tools. The “XCHD compound-HF target” network was visually constructed by Cytoscape 3.8.0 software. AutoDockVina1.1.2 and PyMoL software were used to verify the molecular docking of XCHD main active compounds and HF key targets. Results. A total of 164 potential active compounds from XCHD were screened to act on 95 HF-related targets. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that quercetin, β-sitosterol, and kaempferol may be candidate agents, which acted on multiple targets like PTGS2, HSP90AA1, and PTGS1 and regulate multiple key biological pathways like IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway to relieve HF. Moreover, molecular docking suggested that quercetin and PTGS2 could statically bind and interact with each other through amino acid residues val-349, LEU-352, PHE-381, etc. Conclusion. This work provides a systems perspective to study the relationship between Chinese medicines and diseases. The therapeutic efficacy of XCHD on HF was the sum of multitarget and multi-approach effects from the bioactive ingredients. This study could be one of the cornerstones for further research.
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Qian T, Fu M, Ye L, Du J, Xu X, Zhang Z. Aqueous Humor Growth Factor Levels and Trabeculectomy Outcomes in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients: A 2-Year Prospective Study. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:2. [PMID: 36180030 PMCID: PMC9547364 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.10.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Maintenance of a filtering bleb is essential for long-term intraocular pressure control after trabeculectomy. Surgical site fibrosis and excessive extracellular matrix production are common causes of trabeculectomy failure, mediated by several growth factors. We aimed to evaluate the levels of five growth factors and their correlation with trabeculectomy outcomes in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods We collected aqueous humor samples intraoperatively from patients with POAG who underwent trabeculectomy and measured the concentrations of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF), insulin-like growth factor-1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor using multiplexed immunoassay kits. Intraocular pressure was measured with Goldmann applanation tonometry at 1 week and at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after trabeculectomy. We allocated the eyes based on surgical outcome into a success or failure group. Results Significantly high levels of aFGF and TGF-β were observed in the failure group (both P < 0.0001) and were significant risk factors for trabeculectomy outcomes. Higher success rates were observed over the 24-month follow-up period in eyes with low aFGF and TGF-β levels compared to eyes with high levels (P = 0.0031 and P = 0.0007, respectively). The levels of TGF-β were significantly positively correlated with aFGF. Conclusions In POAG patients, high aFGF and TGF-β levels were significant risk factors for trabeculectomy failure. Translational Relevance Modulation of aFGF and TGF-β expression may have potential clinical applications after filtration surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwei Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingshui Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Luyao Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingxiao Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Disease, Shanghai, China
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Ornitz DM, Itoh N. New developments in the biology of fibroblast growth factors. WIREs Mech Dis 2022; 14:e1549. [PMID: 35142107 PMCID: PMC10115509 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family is composed of 18 secreted signaling proteins consisting of canonical FGFs and endocrine FGFs that activate four receptor tyrosine kinases (FGFRs 1-4) and four intracellular proteins (intracellular FGFs or iFGFs) that primarily function to regulate the activity of voltage-gated sodium channels and other molecules. The canonical FGFs, endocrine FGFs, and iFGFs have been reviewed extensively by us and others. In this review, we briefly summarize past reviews and then focus on new developments in the FGF field since our last review in 2015. Some of the highlights in the past 6 years include the use of optogenetic tools, viral vectors, and inducible transgenes to experimentally modulate FGF signaling, the clinical use of small molecule FGFR inhibitors, an expanded understanding of endocrine FGF signaling, functions for FGF signaling in stem cell pluripotency and differentiation, roles for FGF signaling in tissue homeostasis and regeneration, a continuing elaboration of mechanisms of FGF signaling in development, and an expanding appreciation of roles for FGF signaling in neuropsychiatric diseases. This article is categorized under: Cardiovascular Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Neurological Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Congenital Diseases > Stem Cells and Development Cancer > Stem Cells and Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Ornitz
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nobuyuki Itoh
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
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Liu A, Zhang Y, Xun S, Zhou G, Lin L, Mei Y. Fibroblast growth factor 12 attenuated cardiac remodeling via suppressing oxidative stress. Peptides 2022; 153:170786. [PMID: 35304156 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) mediate key cardiac functions from development to homeostasis and disease. The current research was to explore the effects of FGF12 in the fibrosis of cardiac function and heart failure, and whether FGF12 alleviated cardiac fibrosis via inhibition of oxidative stress. Ligation of left coronary artery in mice induced heart failure and myocardial infarction (MI). Angiotensin II (Ang II) was administered to cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). FGF12 upregulation or FGF12 transgenic (Tg) mice could improve cardiac dysfunction of MI mice, and attenuated cardiac fibrosis of heart failure induced by MI in mice. FGF12 overexpression suppressed the increases of collagen I, collagen III and fibronectin which was induced by Ang II in CFs. The oxidative stress was enhanced in the heart of MI mice and CFs treated with Ang II, and these enhances were attenuated via FGF12 overexpression. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) overexpression inhibited the enhancements of collagen I, collagen III and fibronectin in the heart of MI mice, and in the CFs treated with Ang II. Overexpression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (Nox1) reversed the attenuating influences of FGF12 on the enhancements of collagen I, collagen III and fibronectin in the CFs induced by Ang II. These outcomes showed that FGF12 upregulation can improve cardiac dysfunction and heart fibrosis of heart failure. FGF12 attenuates oxidative stress to suppress the cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Binhai People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Yonglin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Binhai People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Shucan Xun
- Department of Cardiology, Binhai People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Guangzhi Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Binhai People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yong Mei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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26
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Du X, McManus DP, Fogarty CE, Jones MK, You H. Schistosoma mansoni Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor A Orchestrates Multiple Functions in Schistosome Biology and in the Host-Parasite Interplay. Front Immunol 2022; 13:868077. [PMID: 35812433 PMCID: PMC9257043 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.868077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells play significant roles in driving the complex life cycle of Schistosoma mansoni. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor A (SmFGFRA) is essential for maintaining the integrity of schistosome stem cells. Using immunolocalization, we demonstrated that SmFGFRA was distributed abundantly in germinal/stem cells of different S. mansoni life stages including eggs, miracidia, cercariae, schistosomula and adult worms. Indeed, SmFGFRA was also localized amply in embryonic cells and in the perinuclear region of immature eggs; von Lichtenberg's layer and the neural mass of mature eggs; the ciliated surface and neural mass of miracidia; the tegument cytosol of cercariae, schistosomula and adult worms; and was present in abundance in the testis and vitellaria of adult worms of S. mansoni. The distribution pattern of SmFGFRA illustrates the importance of this molecule in maintaining stem cells, development of the nervous and reproductive system of schistosomes, and in the host-parasite interplay. We showed SmFGFRA can bind human FGFs, activating the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway of adult worms in vitro. Inhibition of FGF signaling by the specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor BIBF 1120 significantly reduced egg hatching ability and affected the behavior of miracidia hatched from the treated eggs, emphasizing the importance of FGF signaling in driving the life cycle of S. mansoni. Our findings provide increased understanding of the complex schistosome life cycle and host-parasite interactions, indicating components of the FGF signaling pathway may represent promising targets for developing new interventions against schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Du
- Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Donald P. McManus
- Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Conor E. Fogarty
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Malcolm K. Jones
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, Australia
| | - Hong You
- Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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27
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Chen Q, Chu L, Li X, Li H, Zhang Y, Cao Q, Zhuang Q. Investigation of an FGFR-Signaling-Related Prognostic Model and Immune Landscape in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:801715. [PMID: 35237609 PMCID: PMC8882630 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.801715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is accumulating evidence on the clinical importance of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signal, hypoxia, and glycolysis in the immune microenvironment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), yet reliable prognostic signatures based on the combination of the fibrosis signal, hypoxia, and glycolysis have not been systematically investigated. Herein, we are committed to establish a fibrosis–hypoxia–glycolysis–related prediction model for the prognosis and related immune infiltration of HNSCC. Methods: Fibrotic signal status was estimated with microarray data of a discovery cohort from the TCGA database using the UMAP algorithm. Hypoxia, glycolysis, and immune-cell infiltration scores were imputed using the ssGSEA algorithm. Cox regression with the LASSO method was applied to define prognostic genes and develop a fibrosis–hypoxia–glycolysis–related gene signature. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was conducted to identify the expression of specific genes in the prognostic model. Protein expression of several signature genes was evaluated in HPA. An independent cohort from the GEO database was used for external validation. Another scRNA-seq data set was used to clarify the related immune infiltration of HNSCC. Results: Six genes, including AREG, THBS1, SEMA3C, ANO1, IGHG2, and EPHX3, were identified to construct a prognostic model for risk stratification, which was mostly validated in the independent cohort. Multivariate analysis revealed that risk score calculated by our prognostic model was identified as an independent adverse prognostic factor (p < .001). Activated B cells, immature B cells, activated CD4+ T cells, activated CD8+ T cells, effector memory CD8+ T cells, MDSCs, and mast cells were identified as key immune cells between high- and low-risk groups. IHC results showed that the expression of SEMA3C, IGHG2 were slightly higher in HNSCC tissue than normal head and neck squamous cell tissue. THBS1, ANO1, and EPHX3 were verified by IHC in HPA. By using single-cell analysis, FGFR-related genes and highly expressed DEGs in low-survival patients were more active in monocytes than in other immune cells. Conclusion: A fibrosis–hypoxia–glycolysis–related prediction model provides risk estimation for better prognoses to patients diagnosed with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- Transplantation Center, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Chu
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Li
- Transplantation Center, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Transplantation Center, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qingtai Cao
- Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Quan Zhuang
- Transplantation Center, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center of National Health Ministry on Transplantation Medicine, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Quan Zhuang,
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28
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Zhang J, Liu Q, He J, Li Y. Novel Therapeutic Targets in Liver Fibrosis. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:766855. [PMID: 34805276 PMCID: PMC8602792 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.766855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is end-stage liver disease that can be rescued. If irritation continues due to viral infection, schistosomiasis and alcoholism, liver fibrosis can progress to liver cirrhosis and even cancer. The US Food and Drug Administration has not approved any drugs that act directly against liver fibrosis. The only treatments currently available are drugs that eliminate pathogenic factors, which show poor efficacy; and liver transplantation, which is expensive. This highlights the importance of clarifying the mechanism of liver fibrosis and searching for new treatments against it. This review summarizes how parenchymal, nonparenchymal cells, inflammatory cells and various processes (liver fibrosis, hepatic stellate cell activation, cell death and proliferation, deposition of extracellular matrix, cell metabolism, inflammation and epigenetics) contribute to liver fibrosis. We highlight discoveries of novel therapeutic targets, which may provide new insights into potential treatments for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhang Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Qinhui Liu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinhan He
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.,Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
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29
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Fearon AE, Slabber CF, Kuklin A, Bachofner M, Tortola L, Pohlmeier L, Pantasis S, Hornemann T, Chen L, Kopf M, Werner S. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 in hepatocytes protects from toxin-induced liver injury and fibrosis. iScience 2021; 24:103143. [PMID: 34646985 PMCID: PMC8497853 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver's remarkable regenerative capacity is orchestrated by several growth factors and cytokines. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (Fgfr3) is frequently overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and promotes cancer aggressiveness, whereas its role in liver homeostasis, repair and regeneration is unknown. We show here that Fgfr3 is expressed by hepatocytes in the healthy liver. Its major ligand, Fgf9, is mainly expressed by non-parenchymal cells and upregulated upon injury. Mice lacking Fgfr3 in hepatocytes exhibit increased tissue necrosis after acute toxin treatment and more excessive fibrosis after long-term injury. This was not a consequence of immunological alterations in the non-injured liver as revealed by comprehensive flow cytometry analysis. Rather, loss of Fgfr3 altered the expression of metabolic and pro-fibrotic genes in hepatocytes. These results identify a paracrine Fgf9-Fgfr3 signaling pathway that protects from toxin-induced cell death and the resulting liver fibrosis and suggests a potential use of FGFR3 ligands for therapeutic purposes. Fgfr3 is important for hepatocyte survival following CCl4-induced liver injury Fgfr3 in hepatocytes regulates expression of metabolic and pro-fibrotic genes Fgfr3 protects from extensive fibrosis after chronic CCl4 treatment Fgf receptors have unique, but also overlapping functions in hepatocytes
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbie E Fearon
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Coenraad F Slabber
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrii Kuklin
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marc Bachofner
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Tortola
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lea Pohlmeier
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Pantasis
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Hornemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lin Chen
- Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Manfred Kopf
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Werner
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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30
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Tai Y, Zhao C, Gao J, Lan T, Tong H. Identification of miRNA-target gene regulatory networks in liver fibrosis based on bioinformatics analysis. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11910. [PMID: 34434654 PMCID: PMC8351572 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Liver cirrhosis is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate liver fibrosis, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, and the interactions between miRNAs and mRNAs are not clearly elucidated. Methods miRNA and mRNA expression arrays of cirrhotic samples and control samples were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. miRNA-mRNA integrated analysis, functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction were performed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and mRNAs (DEGs), miRNA-mRNA interaction networks, enriched pathways and hub genes. Finally, the results were validated with in vitro cell models. Results By bioinformatics analysis, we identified 13 DEMs between cirrhotic samples and control samples. Among these DEMs, six upregulated (hsa-miR-146b-5p, hsa-miR-150-5p, hsa-miR-224-3p, hsa-miR-3135b, hsa-miR-3195, and hsa-miR-4725-3p) and seven downregulated (hsa-miR-1234-3p, hsa-miR-30b-3p, hsa-miR-3162-3p, hsa-miR-548aj-3p, hsa-miR-548x-3p, hsa-miR-548z, and hsa-miR-890) miRNAs were further validated in activated LX2 cells. miRNA-mRNA interaction networks revealed a total of 361 miRNA-mRNA pairs between 13 miRNAs and 245 corresponding target genes. Moreover, PPI network analysis revealed the top 20 hub genes, including COL1A1, FBN1 and TIMP3, which were involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) organization; CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL12, LCK and CD24, which participated in the immune response; and CDH1, PECAM1, SELL and CAV1, which regulated cell adhesion. Functional enrichment analysis of all DEGs as well as hub genes showed similar results, as ECM-associated pathways, cell surface interaction and adhesion, and immune response were significantly enriched in both analyses. Conclusions We identified 13 differentially expressed miRNAs as potential biomarkers of liver cirrhosis. Moreover, we identified 361 regulatory pairs of miRNA-mRNA and 20 hub genes in liver cirrhosis, most of which were involved in collagen and ECM components, immune response, and cell adhesion. These results would provide novel mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis and identify candidate targets for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Tai
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chong Zhao
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhang Gao
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Tong
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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