1
|
Gerwin J, Torres-Dowdall J, Brown TF, Meyer A. Expansion and Functional Diversification of Long-Wavelength-Sensitive Opsin in Anabantoid Fishes. J Mol Evol 2024; 92:432-448. [PMID: 38861038 PMCID: PMC11291592 DOI: 10.1007/s00239-024-10181-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Gene duplication is one of the most important sources of novel genotypic diversity and the subsequent evolution of phenotypic diversity. Determining the evolutionary history and functional changes of duplicated genes is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of adaptive evolution. The evolutionary history of visual opsin genes is very dynamic, with repeated duplication events followed by sub- or neofunctionalization. While duplication of the green-sensitive opsins rh2 is common in teleost fish, fewer cases of multiple duplication events of the red-sensitive opsin lws are known. In this study, we investigate the visual opsin gene repertoire of the anabantoid fishes, focusing on the five lws opsin genes found in the genus Betta. We determine the evolutionary history of the lws opsin gene by taking advantage of whole-genome sequences of nine anabantoid species, including the newly assembled genome of Betta imbellis. Our results show that at least two independent duplications of lws occurred in the Betta lineage. The analysis of amino acid sequences of the lws paralogs of Betta revealed high levels of diversification in four of the seven transmembrane regions of the lws protein. Amino acid substitutions at two key-tuning sites are predicted to lead to differentiation of absorption maxima (λmax) between the paralogs within Betta. Finally, eye transcriptomics of B. splendens at different developmental stages revealed expression shifts between paralogs for all cone opsin classes. The lws genes are expressed according to their relative position in the lws opsin cluster throughout ontogeny. We conclude that temporal collinearity of lws expression might have facilitated subfunctionalization of lws in Betta and teleost opsins in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Gerwin
- Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Signaling and Functional Genomics and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julián Torres-Dowdall
- Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
| | - Thomas F Brown
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cellular Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Axel Meyer
- Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tang YH, Bi SY, Wang XD, Ji SX, Huang C, Zhang GF, Guo JY, Yang NW, Ma DF, Wan FH, Lü ZC, Liu WX. Opsin mutants alter host plant selection by color vision in the nocturnal invasive pest Tuta absoluta. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130636. [PMID: 38467214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
In insects, vision is crucial in finding host plants, but its role in nocturnal insects is largely unknown. Vision involves responses to specific spectra of photon wavelengths and opsins plays an important role in this process. Long-wavelength sensitive opsin (LW opsin) and blue-sensitive opsin (BL opsin) are main visual opsin proteins and play important in behavior regulation.We used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to mutate the long-wavelength-sensitive and blue wavelength-sensitive genes and explored the role of vision in the nocturnal invasive pest Tuta absoluta. Light wave experiments revealed that LW2(-/-) and BL(-/-) mutants showed abnormal wavelength tropism. Both LW2 and BL mutations affected the preference of T. absoluta for the green environment. Mutations in LW2 and BL are necessary to inhibit visual attraction. The elimination of LW2 and BL affected the preference of leaf moths for green plants, and mutations in both induced a preference in moths for white plants. Behavioral changes resulting from LW2(-/-) and BL(-/-) mutants were not affected by sense of smell, further supporting the regulatory role of vision in insect behavior. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to reveal that vision, not smell, plays an important role in the host-seeking behavior of nocturnal insects at night, of which LW2 and BL opsins are key regulatory factors. These study findings will drive the development of the "vision-ecology" theory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hong Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Si-Yan Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiao-Di Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shun-Xia Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Cong Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Gui-Fen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jian-Yang Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Nian-Wan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
| | - Dong-Fang Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Fang-Hao Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhi-Chuang Lü
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Wan-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lou F, Ren Z, Tang Y, Han Z. Full-length transcriptome reveals the circularly polarized light response-related molecular genetic characteristics of Oratosquilla oratoria. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 49:101183. [PMID: 38141370 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
The mantis shrimp is the only animal that can recognize circularly polarized light (CPL), but its molecular genetic characteristics are unclear. Multi-tissue level full-length (FL) transcriptome sequencing of Oratosquilla oratoria, a representative widely distributed mantis shrimp, was performed in the present study. We used comparative transcriptomics to explore the critical genes of O. oratoria selected by CPL and the GNβ gene associated with CPL signal transduction was hypothesized to be positively selected. Furthermore, the FL transcriptomes of O. oratoria compound eyes under five light conditions were sequenced and used to detect alternative splicing (AS). The ASs associated with CPL recognition mainly occurred in the LWS, ARR and TRPC regions. The number of FL transcripts with AS events and annotation information also provided evidence that O. oratoria could recognize LCPL. Additionally, 51 sequences belonging to the LWS, UV and Peropsin gene families were identified based on conserved 7tm domains. The LWS, UV and Peropsin opsins have similar 3D structures with seven domains across the cell membrane and conserved KSLRTPSN, DRY, and QAKK motifs. In conclusion, these results are undoubtedly valuable for perfecting the vision theory of O. oratoria and other mantis shrimp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangrui Lou
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhongjie Ren
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Yongzheng Tang
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Han
- Fishery College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ricci V, Ronco F, Boileau N, Salzburger W. Visual opsin gene expression evolution in the adaptive radiation of cichlid fishes of Lake Tanganyika. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg6568. [PMID: 37672578 PMCID: PMC10482347 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg6568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Tuning the visual sensory system to the ambient light is essential for survival in many animal species. This is often achieved through duplication, functional diversification, and/or differential expression of visual opsin genes. Here, we examined 753 new retinal transcriptomes from 112 species of cichlid fishes from Lake Tanganyika to unravel adaptive changes in gene expression at the macro-evolutionary and ecosystem level of one of the largest vertebrate adaptive radiations. We found that, across the radiation, all seven cone opsins-but not the rhodopsin-rank among the most differentially expressed genes in the retina, together with other vision-, circadian rhythm-, and hemoglobin-related genes. We propose two visual palettes characteristic of very shallow- and deep-water living species, respectively, and show that visual system adaptations along two major ecological axes, macro-habitat and diet, occur primarily via gene expression variation in a subset of cone opsin genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Ricci
- Zoological Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizia Ronco
- Zoological Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nicolas Boileau
- Zoological Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Walter Salzburger
- Zoological Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Whence Blobs? Phylogenetics of functional protein condensates. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:2151-2158. [PMID: 32985656 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
What do we know about the molecular evolution of functional protein condensation? The capacity of proteins to form biomolecular condensates (compact, protein-rich states, not bound by membranes, but still separated from the rest of the contents of the cell) appears in many cases to be bestowed by weak, transient interactions within one or between proteins. Natural selection is expected to remove or fix amino acid changes, insertions or deletions that preserve and change this condensation capacity when doing so is beneficial to the cell. A few recent studies have begun to explore this frontier of phylogenetics at the intersection of biophysics and cell biology.
Collapse
|
6
|
Torres-Dowdall J, Karagic N, Härer A, Meyer A. Diversity in visual sensitivity across Neotropical cichlid fishes via differential expression and intraretinal variation of opsin genes. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:1880-1891. [PMID: 33619757 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The visual system of vertebrates has greatly contributed to our understanding of how different molecular mechanisms shape adaptive phenotypic diversity. Extensive work on African cichlid fishes has shown how variation in opsin gene expression mediates diversification as well as convergent evolution in colour vision. This trait has received less attention in Neotropical cichlids, the sister lineage to African cichlids, but the work done so far led to the conclusion that colour vision is much less variable in Neotropical species. However, as only few taxa have been investigated and as recent work found contradicting patterns, the diversity in meotropical cichlids might be greatly underestimated. Here, we survey patterns of opsin gene expression in 35 representative species of Neotropical cichlids, revealing much more variation than previously known. This diversity can be attributed to two main mechanisms: (i) differential expression of the blue-sensitive sws2a, the green-sensitive rh2a, and the red-sensitive lws opsin genes, and (ii) simultaneous expression of up to five opsin genes, instead of only three as commonly found, in a striking dorsoventral pattern across the retina. This intraretinal variation in opsin genes expression results in steep gradients in visual sensitivity that may represent a convergent adaptation to clear waters with broad light environments. These results highlight the role and flexibility of gene expression in generating adaptive phenotypic diversification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julián Torres-Dowdall
- Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Nidal Karagic
- Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Andreas Härer
- Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Axel Meyer
- Zoology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
The tremendous diversity of animal behaviors has inspired generations of scientists from an array of biological disciplines. To complement investigations of ecological and evolutionary factors contributing to behavioral evolution, modern sequencing, gene editing, computational and neuroscience tools now provide a means to discover the proximate mechanisms upon which natural selection acts to generate behavioral diversity. Social behaviors are motivated behaviors that can differ tremendously between closely related species, suggesting phylogenetic plasticity in their underlying biological mechanisms. In addition, convergent evolution has repeatedly given rise to similar forms of social behavior and mating systems in distantly related species. Social behavioral divergence and convergence provides an entry point for understanding the neurogenetic mechanisms contributing to behavioral diversity. We argue that the greatest strides in discovering mechanisms contributing to social behavioral diversity will be achieved through integration of interdisciplinary comparative approaches with modern tools in diverse species systems. We review recent advances and future potential for discovering mechanisms underlying social behavioral variation; highlighting patterns of social behavioral evolution, oxytocin and vasopressin neuropeptide systems, genetic/transcriptional "toolkits," modern experimental tools, and alternative species systems, with particular emphasis on Microtine rodents and Lake Malawi cichlid fishes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary V Johnson
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Larry J Young
- Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Silvio O. Conte Center for Oxytocin and Social Cognition, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fleming JF, Kristensen RM, Sørensen MV, Park TYS, Arakawa K, Blaxter M, Rebecchi L, Guidetti R, Williams TA, Roberts NW, Vinther J, Pisani D. Molecular palaeontology illuminates the evolution of ecdysozoan vision. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 285:20182180. [PMID: 30518575 PMCID: PMC6283943 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.2180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Colour vision is known to have arisen only twice-once in Vertebrata and once within the Ecdysozoa, in Arthropoda. However, the evolutionary history of ecdysozoan vision is unclear. At the molecular level, visual pigments, composed of a chromophore and a protein belonging to the opsin family, have different spectral sensitivities and these mediate colour vision. At the morphological level, ecdysozoan vision is conveyed by eyes of variable levels of complexity; from the simple ocelli observed in the velvet worms (phylum Onychophora) to the marvellously complex eyes of insects, spiders, and crustaceans. Here, we explore the evolution of ecdysozoan vision at both the molecular and morphological level; combining analysis of a large-scale opsin dataset that includes previously unknown ecdysozoan opsins with morphological analyses of key Cambrian fossils with preserved eye structures. We found that while several non-arthropod ecdysozoan lineages have multiple opsins, arthropod multi-opsin vision evolved through a series of gene duplications that were fixed in a period of 35-71 million years (Ma) along the stem arthropod lineage. Our integrative study of the fossil and molecular record of vision indicates that fossils with more complex eyes were likely to have possessed a larger complement of opsin genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James F Fleming
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Queen's Road, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | - Tae-Yoon S Park
- Division of Polar Earth-System Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Kazuharu Arakawa
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Mark Blaxter
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lorena Rebecchi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 213/D, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto Guidetti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 213/D, Modena, Italy
| | - Tom A Williams
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, UK
| | - Nicholas W Roberts
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, UK
| | - Jakob Vinther
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Queen's Road, Bristol, UK
| | - Davide Pisani
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Queen's Road, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|