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Kumari P, Sahu SR, Utkalaja BG, Dutta A, Acharya N. RAD51-WSS1-dependent genetic pathways are essential for DNA-Protein crosslink repair and pathogenesis in Candida albicans. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104728. [PMID: 37080389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic analyses in Saccharomyces cerevisiae suggest that nucleotide excision repair (NER), homologous recombination (HR), and proteases-dependent repair (PDR) pathways coordinately function to remove DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) from the genome. DPCs are genomic cytotoxic lesions generated due to the covalent linkage of proteins with DNA. Although NER and HR processes have been studied in pathogenic Candida albicans, their roles in DPCs repair (DPCR) are yet to be explored. Proteases like Wss1 and Tdp1 are known to be involved in DPCR, however, Tdp1 that selectively removes topoisomerase-DNA complexes is intrinsically absent in C. albicans. Therefore, the mechanism of DPCR might have evolved differently in C. albicans. Herein, we investigated the interplay of three genetic pathways and found that RAD51-WSS1 dependent HR and PDR pathways are essential for DPCs removal, and their absence caused an increased rate of loss of heterozygosity in C. albicans. RAD1 but not RAD2 of NER is critical for DPCR. Additionally, we observed truncation of chromosome#6 in the cells defective in both RAD51 and WSS1 genes. While the protease and DNA binding activities are essential, a direct interaction of Wss1 with the eukaryotic DNA clamp PCNA is not a requisite for Wss1's function. DPCR-defective C. albicans cells exhibited filamentous morphology, reduced immune cell evasion, and attenuation in virulence. Thus, we concluded that RAD51-WSS1-dependent DPCR pathways are essential for genome stability and candidiasis development. Since no vaccine against candidiasis is available for human use yet, we propose to explore DPCR defective attenuated strains (rad51ΔΔwss1ΔΔ and rad2ΔΔrad51ΔΔwss1ΔΔ) for whole-cell vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premlata Kumari
- Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar-751023, India; Regional center of Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Satya Ranjan Sahu
- Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar-751023, India; Regional center of Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Bhabasha Gyanadeep Utkalaja
- Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar-751023, India; Regional center of Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Abinash Dutta
- Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar-751023, India
| | - Narottam Acharya
- Laboratory of Genomic Instability and Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar-751023, India.
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Jian Y, Chen X, Sun K, Liu Z, Cheng D, Cao J, Liu J, Cheng X, Wu L, Zhang F, Luo Y, Hahn M, Ma Z, Yin Y. SUMOylation regulates pre-mRNA splicing to overcome DNA damage in fungi. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:2298-2315. [PMID: 36539920 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic fungi are subject to DNA damage stress derived from host immune responses during infection. Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) modification and precursor (pre)-mRNA splicing are both involved in DNA damage response (DDR). However, the mechanisms of how SUMOylation and splicing coordinated in DDR remain largely unknown. Combining with biochemical analysis, RNA-Seq method, and biological analysis, we report that SUMO pathway participates in DDR and virulence in Fusarium graminearum, a causal agent of Fusarium head blight of cereal crops world-wide. Interestingly, a key transcription factor FgSR is SUMOylated upon DNA damage stress. SUMOylation regulates FgSR nuclear-cytoplasmic partitioning and its phosphorylation by FgMec1, and promotes its interaction with chromatin remodeling complex SWI/SNF for activating the expression of DDR-related genes. Moreover, the SWI/SNF complex was found to further recruit splicing-related NineTeen Complex, subsequently modulates pre-mRNA splicing during DDR. Our findings reveal a novel function of SUMOylation in DDR by regulating a transcription factor to orchestrate gene expression and pre-mRNA splicing to overcome DNA damage during the infection of F. graminearum, which advances the understanding of the delicate regulation of DDR by SUMOylation in pathogenic fungi, and extends the knowledge of cooperation of SUMOylation and pre-mRNA splicing in DDR in eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqing Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kewei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zunyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Danni Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jie Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianzhao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaofei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region of Chinese Education Ministry, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Liang Wu
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuming Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, 223300, China
| | - Matthias Hahn
- Department of Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, PO Box 3049, 67653, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yanni Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Zeng C, Xiao W. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of UBC13 and MMS2 from Candida albicans. Gene 2022; 816:146163. [PMID: 34995738 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
To maintain genome stability, eukaryotes have evolved a powerful DNA damage response system called DNA-damage tolerance (DDT) to deal with replication-blocking lesions. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, K63-linked polyubiquitination of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is mediated by a Ubc13-Mms2 heterodimer, leading to error-free DDT. Candida albicans is one of the most studied fungal pathogens and to date no data regarding K63-linked ubiquitination or error-free DDT has been available. Here we report the identification and functional characterization of UBC13 and MMS2 genes from C. albicans. Both genes are highly conserved between S. cerevisiae and C. albicans. However, CaUbc13 differs from all other eukaryotes in that it contains a 21-amino acid tail that appears to attenuate its interaction with CaMms2, suggesting a possible regulatory mechanism in C. albicans. Both CaUBC13 and CaMMS2 genes can functionally rescue the corresponding budding yeast mutants from increased spontaneous mutagenesis and killing by DNA-damaging agents, indicating an error-free DDT pathway in C. albicans. Indeed Caubc13Δ/Δ and Camms2Δ/Δ null mutants were constructed and displayed characteristic sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanwen Zeng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada.
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Abstract
Covalent DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) are pervasive DNA lesions that interfere with essential chromatin processes such as transcription or replication. This review strives to provide an overview of the sources and principles of cellular DPC formation. DPCs are caused by endogenous reactive metabolites and various chemotherapeutic agents. However, in certain conditions DPCs also arise physiologically in cells. We discuss the cellular mechanisms resolving these threats to genomic integrity. Detection and repair of DPCs require not only the action of canonical DNA repair pathways but also the activity of specialized proteolytic enzymes-including proteases of the SPRTN/Wss1 family-to degrade the crosslinked protein. Loss of DPC repair capacity has dramatic consequences, ranging from genome instability in yeast and worms to cancer predisposition and premature aging in mice and humans. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biochemistry, Volume 91 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Weickert
- Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; .,Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian Stingele
- Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; .,Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
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Homchan A, Sukted J, Matangkasombut O, Pakotiprapha D. Emerging roles of Wss1 in the survival of Candida albicans under genotoxic stresses. Curr Genet 2020; 67:99-105. [PMID: 33140121 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-020-01123-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This perspective aims to discuss the potential physiological roles and regulation mechanisms of the recently identified Candida albicans Wss1 protease important in DNA-protein crosslink (DPC) tolerance and repair. DPC is a bulky DNA lesion that blocks essential DNA transactions; thus, it poses a significant threat to genome integrity if left unrepaired. Discoveries of Wss1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and SPRTN in human as DPC proteases have demonstrated the importance of protease function in DPC repair. Our recent study revealed that Wss1 in C. albicans, an opportunistic pathogen that can cause life-threatening infection in immunocompromised individuals, also promotes DPC tolerance similarly to both S. cerevisiae Wss1 and human SPRTN. However, its molecular mechanism and regulation are still poorly understood. Here, we briefly discuss the recent insights into C. albicans Wss1 based on the information from S. cerevisiae, as well as outline the aspect of this protein that could make it a potential target for antifungal drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimorn Homchan
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Excellence in Protein and Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Juthamas Sukted
- Applied Biological Sciences Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Oranart Matangkasombut
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand. .,Department of Microbiology and Research Unit on Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Danaya Pakotiprapha
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Excellence in Protein and Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Homchan A, Sukted J, Mongkolsuk S, Jeruzalmi D, Matangkasombut O, Pakotiprapha D. Wss1 homolog from Candida albicans and its role in DNA-protein crosslink tolerance. Mol Microbiol 2020; 114:409-422. [PMID: 32302440 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans is an opportunistic yeast that can cause life-threatening systemic infection in immunocompromised individuals. During infections, C. albicans has to cope with genotoxic stresses generated by the host immune system. DNA-protein crosslink (DPC), the covalent linkage of proteins with DNA, is one type of DNA damages that can be caused by the host immune response. DPCs are bulky lesions that interfere with the progression of replication and transcription machineries, and hence threaten genomic integrity. Accordingly, either a DPC tolerance mechanism or a DPC repair pathway is essential for C. albicans to maintain genomic stability and survive in the host. Here, we identified Wss1 (weak suppressor of Smt3) in C. albicans (CaWss1) using bioinformatics, genetic complementation, and biochemical studies. We showed that CaWss1 promotes cell survival under genotoxic stress conditions that generate DPCs and that the catalytic metalloprotease domain of CaWss1 is essential for its cellular function. Interactions of CaWss1 with Cdc48 and small ubiquitin-like modifier, although not strictly required, contribute to the function of CaWss1 in the suppression of the growth defects under DPC-inducing conditions. This report is the first investigation of the role of CaWss1 in DPC tolerance in C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimorn Homchan
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Biochemistry (International Program), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Biochemistry and Center for Excellence in Protein and Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Juthamas Sukted
- Applied Biological Sciences Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Skorn Mongkolsuk
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - David Jeruzalmi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, City College of New York, New York, NY, USA.,Ph.D. Programs in Biochemistry, Biology, and Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oranart Matangkasombut
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Microbiology and Research Unit on Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Danaya Pakotiprapha
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Excellence in Protein and Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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